Imininingwane inethiwekhi - kuyini? Izici catenary ujantshi, tram noma ibhasi yenqola

Ingqalasizinda ugingqe kagesi ngempela kuhilela contact inethiwekhi. Ngenxa yaleli lungiselelo luyasetshenziswa abaqoqi ukunikezela target samanje, yena, ukushayela izimoto. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokuxhumana, kodwa abakubonisayo iqoqo izintambo, ukulungisa kanye nokuqinisa indlela enhle izakhi ukuhlinzeka amandla kusukela ezincane kagesi. Futhi, inethiwekhi contact liyasetshenziswa sesondlo lezinto umile, kuhlanganise yokuwela ehlukahlukene ukukhanyisa isitshalo.

ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana contact amanethiwekhi

Kuyinto ingxenye izakhiwo ukhululekile ezobuchwepheshe, okuyinto iyingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi zamathrekhi gesi kanye nemigwaqo. Injongo eyinhloko yale nengqalasizinda ukuze adlulisele amandla Tractive kusukela substation kuya kagesi ugingqe isitokwe. Ukuze uqinisekise ugesi imishini kusukela ezincane eziningi contact inethiwekhi kuhlukaniswe eziningana. Ngakho, kukhona kumiswa izigaba, ngalinye elikwazi sidla ngumuntu Element ehlukile emthonjeni othile.

Partitioning liyasetshenziswa lula imisebenzi yesondlo. Ngokwesibonelo, uma kwenzeka umonakalo emgqeni amandla ukudluliswa inqanyulwa at indawo eyodwa kuphela. Izintambo zikagesi ezisobala engesiyo, uma kunesidingo, kungenziwa exhunywe esincane sikagesi zokusebenza, okuyinto kuzonciphisa Ukuphumula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inethiwekhi contact nojantshi ngu insulators ezikhethekile. Lesi sinqumo ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi arcing ngephutha ngesikhathi bedlula abaqoqi zamanje kungaphula luthi alufane eziyisisekelo izintambo.

I catenary kudivayisi

Amanethiwekhi zaloluhlobo zinzima iqoqo izingxenye ingqalasizinda kagesi. Ikakhulukazi, idivayisi ejwayelekile lokhu isakhiwo kuhlanganisa amakhebuli kagesi, ukumiswa ekhethekile, futhi kufaneleka ingxenye ekhethekile futhi izakhiwo asekelayo. Kuze kube manje, isicelo umyalelo, ngokuhambisana imininingwane ngalo, catenary izintambo kanye nokufakwa ibhekane inqubo esikhethekile ezishisayo okusheshayo galvanizing. Elements nobumnene carbon steel kuvezwa ukwelashwa zokuzivikela ukwandisa amandla nokuqina kwayo nezokuxhumana.

Izici emoyeni catenary

Air inethiwekhi ezivamile ngenxa isikhala-ukonga kanye iyashelela imigqa kagesi. Nokho, zikhona nemiphumela ethile engathandeki sedivayisi enjalo, okuyinto kuvetwa ezindlekweni ephakeme ukufakwa kanye nokugcinwa. Ngakho, i-contact inethiwekhi phezulu kufaka nokumiswa ikhebula, nokufakwa, izintambo, Imicibisholo zemigwaqo, kanye insulators.

Izici eziyinhloko isakhi amanethiwekhi yalolu hlobo ziyancipha enqubeni yokuhlala. Ukuxhumana elenga izisekelo ekhethekile. Kulesi ukufakwa phakathi kwezindawo kungenziwa imakwe nokuwohloka izintambo. Ukuphungula le nkinga akunakwenzeka, kodwa ukuba khona yayo kungabangela ukulimala nezintambo zikagesi. Ngokwesibonelo, uma inethiwekhi contact evumela nokuwohloka eqinile ke ezihambayo eduze ngalendoda ikhebula ekumisweni phansi ungalahlekelwa uxhumene Umucu wako.

Imininingwane inethiwekhi nojantshi

Kulokhu sikhuluma the version zakudala inethiwekhi contact. It Railways basebentise amavolumu elikhulu zokwakha ugesi izitimela. A wire izinjongo ezifana ikhiqizwa kanzima ungenisa zethusi electrolytic endaweni cross-Sectional ka-150 mm ^2. Ngokuphathelene izakhi ukwesekwa, wesitimela inethiwekhi oxhumana naye unikezwe lakhiwe ngokhonkolo noma insimbi ukufaka, obude ongafinyelela 15 m kwezikhawu imikhondo kakhulu-eksisi emaceleni elingaphandle ezisekelweni phezu iziteshi futhi nezipani akuzona engaphezu kwengu-310 cm Nokho, kunokuningi okungakhulunywanga ngakho - .. Ngokwesibonelo, e ubunzima ubuchwepheshe ivumela isikhathi ukunciphisa ukuba 245 cm izindlela ukuvikela izintambo yohlobo esetshenziswa ezivamile -. division zibe izingxenye ahlukene, ukusetshenziswa insulators nama ifaka hlangothi.

Imininingwane sebhasi inethiwekhi

Ngokuqhathaniswa izitimela Sibona ukunyakaza akusho awathathe njalo uxhumano kagesi nge ebusweni. Futhi anda izimfuneko maneuverability, okuholela izinguquko enhlanganweni kwengqalasizinda ugesi. Lezi umehluko uhlonzwe isici esiyinhloko ugesi trolley amabhasi - khona imigqa emibili-olunezintambo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wire ngamunye iqinile ngilokhu amancane unikezwa ukwahlukanisa okuthembekile. Ngenxa yalokho, inethiwekhi kuba eziyinkimbinkimbi kanye contact ngqo izigaba, amagatsha, futhi zokuzamazama zemigwaqo. Izici ezikhethekile akunakubangelwa kanye okwandile Ukusetshenziswa partitioning ne insulators abafanele. Kodwa kulokhu, igobolondo hhayi kuphela ivikela izintambo kusukela ixhumana nomunye, kodwa futhi nokuvikela impahla ngesikhathi zemigwaqo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingqalasizinda sebhasi amanethiwekhi awavunyelwe ukusebenzisa umnsalo ngalendoda kanye pantographs.

Imininingwane inethiwekhi trams

Amanethiwekhi tram, contact izintambo, ngokuvamile esetshenziselwa yethusi izici ezifanayo ngoba Alloys. Futhi, akuvimbeli ukusetshenziswa steel-aluminiyamu babashayeli. Conjugation of izigaba nge ukuphakama ezahlukene ukumiswa wenziwa nge wiring ukuchema kuzo maqondana iphrofayli longitudinal komgwaqo. Ngakho ukuphambuka zingahluka kusuka 20 kuya 40% kuye kushuba nemibandela gasket umugqa ingxenye. On the straights inethiwekhi tram othintana elise ngendlela amazombe. Kulesi sinyathelo amazombe - kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukumiswa - hhayi nezipani lemine. Kufanele kuqashelwe futhi ukubaluleka contact izintambo wahlukana eksisi susceptor - lesi silinganiso ngokuvamile asisikhulu kunenkosi 25 cm.

isiphetho

Naphezu nakwezobuchwepheshe ngokufakelwa kukagesi, contact amanethiwekhi e ezahlukeneyo ezinkulu constructional uphucwe apharathasi ezivamile. Izinguquko ngokuya ngcono nemingcele lobuchwepheshe nokusebenza ziphazamisa kuphela ezicini ezithile imininingwane isicelo. Ikakhulukazi, inethiwekhi contact nojantshi ngokwethukela bephethe izingxenye abadlule ezishisayo okusheshayo galvanizing. Engeziwe ukucutshungulwa isici isisekelo Yiqiniso, kuthuthukisa nokwethenjelwa UKUQINA emigqeni, kodwa olukhulu ngcono lobuchwepheshe kunomthelela ngezinga omncane. Kuyefana nasendleleni tram, trolley amanethiwekhi kagesi, lapho, Nokho, muva nje ngcono kakhulu ukulungisa idivayisi iphinde izingxenye amandla ukuqinisa okwesikhashana izakhiwo.