Landzelela izakhi. Amaphesenti iseli, ukubaluleka

Lamuhla sitawubuka kwengqamuzana futhi liqukethe ukulandelela izakhi. Amaphesenti iseli nayo izofakwa wachaza ngokuningiliziwe yithi. Okokuqala nje, ake sixoxe welithi "ingqamuzana".

Konke obusizungezile, futhi thina ngokwethu - uhlobo umklami. Konke kwenziwa izinhlayiya ezincane, okuyinto ingabonakali ngaphandle nemishini ekhethekile okuthiwa ngesibonakhulu. Cell - umgodi phakathi lapho ikhambi aqueous amakhemikhali, lizungezwe ulwelwesi. Ngaphambi sizocabangela microelements (iphesenti iseli nezinye izinto), kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ingqamuzana uyakwazi ukusinda bebodwa futhi enezinto eziningi izici:

• umzimba;
• self-ukukhiqizwa kabusha, nokunye.

Into yokugcina Kuhle kokusho: Cytology amadili nge ekutadisheni emabhuloki ekwakha aphansi, amaseli isb.

ukwakheka-athomu

Ngo Mendeleev Periodic uMendeleyev System Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-elementi eziyikhulu, e kwengqamuzana lomuntu iqukethe ezingaphezu kwesigamu kubo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abangaba ngu-20 kulezi zingxenye kubalulekile ukusebenza emzimbeni, betholakala cishe zonke izinhlobo zayo. Umbuzo wethu oyinhloko - iyona izakhi mkhondo, iphesenti iseli. Kodwa kudingeka wazi ukuthi kufanele futhi yini tincenye amaphesenti abo kuseli kungenziwa yizigaba:

• macronutrients;
• ukulandelela izakhi;
• ultramicroelements.

Uma uthatha zonke amaminerali, amaphesenti abo we isamba ingeqi amaphesenti amathathu. Idatha sifake izinto ezilandelayo:

• magnesium;
• chloro;
• sodium;
• potassium;
• calcium;
• yensimbi;
• yisibabule;
• phosphorus.

Njengoba ubona, kukhona eziyisishiyagalombili kuphela kuqhathaniswa macrocells, zazo zikhona 4, namaphesenti ingqikithi mkhulu kunezinhliziyo 90. I ultramicroelements iqembu Inkomba uyalandisa sebuningini izakhi, futhi iphesenti ingqikithi asisikhulu kunenkosi 0.1.

Besilokhu sikhipha nokudla okunezakhamzimba

Manje cabanga micronutrients.

Amaphesenti izakhi mkhondo yeseli kanje:

Njengoba ubona, izinombolo mancane kakhulu. Ethebuleni sabuka iphesenti izakhi mkhondo cell, kodwa siyini umsebenzi wabo. Ezinye izakhi siye sabona eceleni, futhi manje esifushane lonke. Futhi ngakho, sodium wenza imisebenzi eminingana, kuhlanganise:

• nokugcinwa evamile kwenhliziyo;
• ukudalwa cell ulwelwesi ezingase zivele;
• nale isici kwenzeka conduction Izinzwa amaza;
• nokugcina amanzi nosawoti ibhalansi.

Amaphesenti lamaseli microcells (potassium, isibabule chlorine) lingaphansi kuka amaphesenti 1. Noma kunjalo, lezi zinto imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile:

• potassium - iyona seka main ke, kanye sodium, ihlinzeka ukusebenza inhliziyo evamile, sisiza amaprotheni zamagama;
• sulphur - isici abamelwe amino acid, uvithamini _B1 kanye nezinye enzyme;
• chloro - kuyinto extracellular anion ingxenye acid juice esiswini.

magnesium

Sibheke zonke izakhi mkhondo. Amaphesenti lamaseli efanayo umelwe kulelithebula lelingenhla. Kodwa kungani sidinga magnesium, futhi yini isebenta ke wenza? Nalokhu manje nazo ke.

Singathola cishe wonke amaseli abantu. Kungani? It Magnesium uhlanganyela iningi ukusabela kwamakhemikhali zingaphezu 300. Inhloso yokuqala esemqoka - iwukuhlanganyela ukudalwa amandla, okusho ATP. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba ATP ukhonza njengelungu esiteshini amandla ngenxa cell futhi umzimba ngokuvamile.

Umsebenzi wesibili - kuyasiza ku Ukugaya izinto ezithile futhi amaprotheni zamagama. Umsebenzi wesithathu - kuba isiqondiso somzimba izici ezilandelayo:

• sodium;
• i-calcium.

Kubalulekile operation kahle inhliziyo nesimiso sezinzwa, nokuvinjelwa senhliziyo.

calcium

Sesihlole iphesenti izakhi mkhondo, ithebula libonisa ukuthi i-calcium kuyinto% 0.02 kuphela wonke amaseli. Nokho, ukubaluleka kwalo futhi okusezingeni eliphezulu. Futhi ngakho:

• Calcium siyingxenye ye izindonga iseli;
• ingxenye amathambo izinyo koqweqwe lwawo;
• calcium kusebenze igazi ekunqandeni;
• ingxenye sebuningini amagobolondo ezilwane ezingenamgogodla;
• mediates kumaseli alawule izinqubo ezihlukahlukene;
• palpitations izixhumanisi;
• It ulawula umfutho wegazi;
• uhlanganyela emsebenzini isimiso sezinzwa;
• igcina acid-base ibhalansi emzimbeni;
• It kuvimbela amagciwane ekungeneni amaseli nokunye.

yensimbi

Le nto nje kudingekile ngenxa yokuphila evamile umzimba yenqubo. Lokho kusiza ukuthuthwa oxygen zonke kwezitho nezicubu. Futhi, lesi sici ayingxenye ye-enzyme, i-hemoglobin, myoglobin. Iron ehilelekile inqubo emishinini yokuphefumula kanye photosynthesis.

phosphorus

Elementi kuyadingeka ukuze umzimba ngenxa yezizathu eziningi. Khona-ke abakhululiwe eziyinhloko:

• kumiswa namazinyo;
• ithambo kumiswa;
• ingxenye sebuningini enzyme;
• abathintekayo kulo ukukhishwa kwamangqamuzana nezicubu;
• ukukhiqizwa ATP molecule kudingekile isitoreji amandla ukuze umzimba;
• ukusiza ukusebenza izinso;
• ukulawulwa imisipha.