Izinhlobo kwakuwukuthi maqondana kwamagama nemisho

Amabinzana, nemisho --syntax akha uhlelo lovumelanako yiluphi ulimi. izici wezakhiwo futhi obusebenzayo nenhlanganisela emagama nemisho uyafundelwa-syntax - omunye izigaba lolimi.

Uyini sigamu umusho? Lamagama - kuba amagama amabili noma ngaphezulu abalulekile, ubuhlobo sasondelana kakhulu kwakuwukuthi. It unikeza okufanayo - nzima ulimi iyunithi, umsebenzi kabani main ofuna ukuxhumana nathi, buviyoviyo Ngakho, it is anezinhlaka futhi ine uhlobo oluthile isimo kanye nesikhathi. amazwi ngamunye emshweni babe nobuhlobo ezithile semantic phakathi kwabo, ngaleyo ndlela, eqinisweni, siqukethe umsebenzi kuchumana semantic. link enjalo ibizwa ngokuthi ama-syntax. Nazo ngokufanayo, zihlukaniswe coordinative futhi ungaphansi. Iziphakamiso ukuhlangabezana ezimbili izinhlobo zokuxhumana, ethi - eyodwa kuphela - subordinative (njengoba kushiwo ngenhla).

uxhumano Ongaphansi e imishwana

kakhulu Isihloko "subordinative 'wazilandela ngokunembile ngokucacile okushiwo lokhu kuqhathaniswa kolimi, lapho amagama amabili njalo abanezikhundla ezahlukene: omunye uba master kanye nezinye - engaphansi, ongaphansi kuye, kanye nezici zayo lwetakhi telulwimi (inombolo, icala nobulili) kuthiwa ngokugcwele noma ingxenye ukufanisa futhi likhomba izwi eyinhloko. Kuye ngezinga kwakuwukuthi amagama ayinhloko yesibili, kunezinhlobo ezehlukene kwakuwukuthi maqondana.

sivumelwano

izici lwetakhi telulwimi amazwi engaphansi kulesi uhlobo umongo syntactic kuyavumelana ngokuphelele futhi okunenjongo kunqunywa ngokuyinhloko izwi. Ngokwesibonelo: imbali itshe, edolobheni elikhulu (...... Igama pad, m p, U h), amafu Cirrus, amadolobha segolide (.. kobuningi, igama pad ..), A lot of abantu amahle (ubelethe pad, .. pl. h.). Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma izwi ukhiye siyashintsha njengoba injalo kolimi, lishintsha ngokufanele futhi inceku. Ngokwesibonelo, iqabunga ekwindla (igama. P.), Autumn leaf (umzali. P.), Autumn leaf (kudala. P.), Njll

Njengoba isakhi engaphansi e sivumelwano imishwana angasebenza izingxenye njengoba ehlukene yokukhuluma - tiphawulo (ingubo enhle), iSidlo (oshaya ibhola), izinombolo eziphawula ukuthi okwesingaki (isigaba sesibili), ezibalula inani (amakamelo amabili). Kubalulekile kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi lezi zinhlobo kwakuwukuthi maqondana njengoba ukuvumelana, ezingenakwenzeka tento, tandziso, emabito, okusho titfo tenkhulumo, akudingeki yanoma iluphi uhlobo, noma inombolo, futhi ngokwempilo yangenyama. Ibizo futhi isivumelwano sonke isikhathi wenza kuphela njengoba determinant, amagama ayinhloko futhi noma kunjalo ayikwazi ukuba engaphansi, ngoba engenzi ayahluka ubulili.

Lamagama afanayo phakathi izingxenye zalo kungenzeka ofanayo oluphelele lwazo zonke izici zolimi nemisebenzi yazo, noma kancane, lapho nje kwaqondana kwenzeka ngezindlela elilodwa noma amabili. Ngokwesibonelo: Flying umDashi, ukukhazimula obomvu (ukuvumelana ephelele), postman yethu (esinqunyiwe).

Lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo kwakuwukuthi maqondana ethi zisekelwe nezinye izimiso lohlelo lolimi.

ukuphathwa

Ngo ukuphathwa izwi okhonzile efakwa icala etshekile noma ngaphandle ibhaxa, okuyinto kunqunywa inani semantic esemazweni avelele ibinzana. Ngokwesibonelo: ugijime Igumbi (izwi engaphansi "ekamelweni" itholakala kunjalo prepositional), ukubukela ibhayisikobho (izwi engaphansi "ifilimu" umi umenziwa wesenzo), wahlangana nabantu ezithakazelisayo (ablative nge isabizwana). Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngokungafani kuya harmonization isilawuli uma ngendlela amagama oyinhloko webhayisikobho ethile engaphansi akashintshi. Ngokwesibonelo: ukucula ingoma - ingoma - sing a song - ukucula ingoma ethile.

Ngo ukuphathwa njengoba amazwi main angasebenza tento, emabito noma nezandiso. Lezi zinhlobo zokuxhumana abizwa ngokuthi kwakuwukuthi priglagolnym, priimennym noma ukulawula prinarechnym. Ngokwesibonelo: ukufunda izinkondlo, isitsha isobho, wedwa nawo wonke umuntu. Ukuphathwa kungaba prepositional (nge isabizwana) noma bespredlozhnym uqine lapho ifomu lucebe futhi lolimi izwi esemqoka ngempela kusho eduze isakhi engaphansi (isib, ukwethembeka kubangani, wathumela incwadi), noma lihle noma libi, lapho ubuhlobo obunjalo akuyona kulandeleke (isib : incwadi imvilophu, a vase etafuleni).

Junction

Izinhlobo uxhumano subordinating amagama okuyinto izwi kunqunywa engaphansi kuphela eziyisisekelo ukubaluleka semantic, ngokuthi adjacently. Lapha igama elithi okhonzile kungaba isandiso (ukufunda ngokushesha) gerund (kwenziwa ngobudedengu), isiphawulo ukungqubuzana noma isandiso (noboya Fluffy, ungawujikijeli phambidlana), tabito sebuniyo (ekamelweni lakhe).

Indlela ukucacisa izinhlobo kwakuwukuthi maqondana

Ukusetha uhlobo olufanele uxhumano, okokuqala udinga ukucacisa kwenceku nenkosi yayo amazwi kanye netitfo tenkhulumo esemazweni nasekuthengeni. Ezingeguquleke tenkhulumo abathintekayo kulo abutment. Uma ushintsha igama eliyisisekelo eshintsha izici zayo phakathi kwezakhi zolimi kanye ongaphansi ke lesi sivumelwano. Ekugcineni, kufanele lo mbuzo owabuzwa kusukela main endleleni engaphansi uma lo mbuzo iphathelene Kunoma yikuphi etshekile, kuba ukuphathwa.