Iveli "Master and Margarita": isithombe seNkosi kanye namanye amaqhawe

Emakhasini wenveli ethi "Master noMargarita" umbhali ubonisa ukwehluleka kokuziphatha komphakathi ezinsukwini zanamuhla nasesikhathini esedlule. Kuze kube phakade umuntu wazibuza ukuthi "yiliphi iqiniso" futhi "yiziphi izinqubo zokuziphatha." Abacwaningi abakhulu nabafilosofi abazange baphendule ngokungapheli, kodwa uMikhail Bulgakov wazama ukuthuthukisa le nkinga emsebenzini wakhe.

Abalingiswa abakhulu beveli

Umlobi wethula imigqa emibili elandelwayo ekulandiseni: izenzo zenzeka eMoscow kuma-1930 naseYershalaim eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezimbili edlule. Encwadini ethi "Master and Margarita" isithombe sikaMphathi siyinhloko: ubhala inkulumo ngoPontiyu Pilatu, uyayishisa, bese efika esibhedlela sengqondo. Kamuva, bambeka u-Ivan Bezdomny, umbhali wencwadi ephikisana noJesu Kristu. Owesibili uqinisekisa odokotela ukuthi uWoland uvele eMoscow - uSathane ngokwakhe, kodwa abamkholwanga futhi baxilongwa. Inkosi ilindele uMargarita, owathi, ngenxa yensindiso yakhe, ubonisa inkontileka nemibutho emnyama. UWoland utshela ukuthi abe yindlovukazi ebhola, owesifazane ovumelana nalo.

EYershalaim, umbusi ongumJuda uPontiyu Pilatu, ngokulalela intando kaKesari, ubulala uJeshua Ha-Nozri ongenacala. Kamuva, i-igemon izisola isenzo sakhe futhi ihlupheka isikhathi eside. Ezahlukweni zokugcina zeveliveli ethi "The Master and Margarita" isithombe sikaMnumzane sidlala indima ebalulekile ekupheleni kukaPontiyu Pilatu: uyamkhulula, futhi uthola inhlanhla yakhe nabathandekayo bakhe.

Okuqukethwe kokuqukethwe kwencwadi

Enhloko-dolobha yaseRussia, i-Volunt magician omnyama nekati uBegemot, idemoni u-Azazello, u-Koroviev ongaphansi kwesigqila nomlusi uGella uhambela. Ikhetho elibulalayo lezenzakalo liqala emanzini kaPatriciary's. Woland izingxoxo noMichael Berlioz no- Ivan Bezdom, abaphika ngokuphelele ukuthi uJesu Kristu ukhona. USathane ubikezela ukufa kukaBerlioz - kuzothuthela i-tram, futhi kusihlwa kukhona lesi senzakalo esibi kakhulu. UWoland uhlala endlini yakhe futhi uqala ukulungiselela ibhola elimnyama, futhi ngaphambi kwalokho uhlela isimiso somlingo omnyama weMuscovites. UMargarita ubonisa isivumelwano noSathane futhi uyavuma ukuba abe indlovukazi yomkhosi.

E-Yershalaim, ngokuya kukaKesari, uJeshua Ha-Nozri ubulawa, futhi kuphela uMqhubi wamaJuda ongakuyeka lokhu. Ngenxa yokwesaba, akenzanga lokhu, lapho ehlaselwa khona ukuhlushwa okuphakade: ngoba izinkulungwane zezinyanga zihlala nenja uBanga futhi zibonisa izenzo zakhe, futhi yiNkosi kuphela ehlose ukuyikhulula ekupheleni kwendabuko.

Inkinga yokuzikhethela kokuziphatha encwadini

Emakhulwini eminyaka amaningi abantu baye benza izenzo zokulwa nokuziphatha noma egameni layo. Isithombe sikaMargarita encwadini ethi "The Master and Margarita" sibonisa uhlobo lwesibili lwezenzo. Lo wesifazane oqinile ulungele ukuyeka konke ngenxa yeqiniso nothando.

Ngokuvamile abantu bathola izinzuzo ngokwabo ngokukhohlisa, ukuzenzisa, ubudlova, ukukhwabanisa, amanga, bese kuthi, besaba ukulahlekelwa yibo, baphinde baya ezenzweni ezidabukisayo. UPontiyu Pilatu wayengafuni ukudela indawo yakhe nesimo sakhe, okwakuzohlukunyezwa ngaso phakade.

UMikhail Bulgakov uqhathanisa izithombe ezinhle nezithiyo zenkulumo ethi "Master noMargarita", efuna ukukhombisa ukuthi ngaphandle komqondo wokuziphatha umuntu akanakujabula. Akunabo abantu abangenazo izono, kodwa umuntu ophendukile angamthethelela icala lakhe. KuPontiyu Pilatu, ukuthethelelwa kwakhe kwakukhululekile, okuyiNkosi eyamnika yona.

Isithombe sikaJesuhua

I-Master noMargarita yiziqhawe ezinhle zeveli, lapho umbukiso kaJesu Kristu uhlala khona. Ezahlukweni ze-ershalaim, uBulgakov uhlukanisa isithombe seHememon nomshumayeli ocelayo uHa-Nozri. UJesu wenqaba ukulahla iqiniso, okugwetshwa ngalo ukufa. Kanye nabakhileyo eRoma, wayekholelwa ukuthi isikhathi siyofika lapho bekungeke kube khona amandla nobudlova. Ingabe la magama anesici sobugebengu, ukuthi ubani okufanele aphucwe ukuphila?

UPontiyu Pilatu uJesu wayemhle, futhi ufuna ukumsindisa, kodwa wesaba ukubeka engozini ukuphila kwakhe okulinganisiwe. Ngaphambi kwakhe kukhona inselele: ukukhipha, kodwa ukuphikisa unembeza, noma ukuxolela, kodwa ukulahlekelwa amandla? I-hegemon ikhetha kuqala: isongela nje, njengengonyama; Eqinisweni, inhliziyo ka hare hare iyamshaya.

Isithombe sikaPontiyu Pilato

Inhlekelele yabakhileyo eRoma isesandleni seProducator yamaJuda. Omunye umthombo womlando kuthiwa uPilatu nguye obangela ukubulawa okungenakubalwa okwenziwe ngaphandle kwesivivinyo. Inkohlakalo enjalo yabonakala ngenxa yokwesaba ukulahlekelwa isimo sayo. Abangane bakhe baziphatha ngendlela efanayo. Emakhasini we-Yershalaim, uMikhail Bulgakov ubonisa ngokucacile lokhu kuhlukaniswa kwezithombe.

"Nkosi noMargarita" iyinveli yokuqukethwe kwefilosofi ejulile. Umbhali ubonisa ukuthi ngisho nendawo esabekayo kakhulu ingaba indoda elungile. UPontiyu Pilato uyaqaphela iphutha lakhe elimangalisayo: indoda enjalo ethembekileyo njengoJeshuwa, akufanele ilahlekelwe ukuphila. U-Igemon ufinyelela ekuphethweni kobugovu: "Lokhu kuyisicefe esabekayo kakhulu." Umlobi wethula isithombe seNkosi noMargarita ukukhombisa ukuthi akubona bonke abantu abesaba kakhulu - abaningi abamesabi isijeziso futhi baya ezenzweni ezimbi ngegama lokuziphatha. Ngenxa yephutha lakhe, ummangaleli uzofa ekufeni, futhi mhlawumbe lokhu kuyisijeziso esibuhlungu kunazo zonke.

Master noMargarita: isithombe senkosi

Umlobi akaniki igama ku-protagonist yenveli yakhe, ngoba kwakukhona abaningi abafana naye eRussia Soviet. Ababhali bale nkathi bangaqhathaniswa nemimoya ephilayo: babhala kuphela lokho izethameli zikulindele, futhi ungazami ukuphuma nemibono yangempela. Incwadi kaPontiyu Pilatu yenqaba ukuphrinta ngoba eRussia ephikisana nenkolo le ndaba ilahlekelwe ukubaluleka kwayo. Umqondo omkhulu iNkosi eyanikele ngayo inhlalakahle yakhe uhlala ungakhanyiswa, futhi umbhali ushisa kakhulu inzalo yakhe.

UWoland unquma ukubuyela kumlobi inkaba yakhe bese ememezela inkulumo edumile: "Imibhalo yesandla ayishisi!" Encwadini ethi "The Master and Margarita" umfanekiso weNkosi ukhuluma ngokuphila kukaMikhail Bulgakov ngokwakhe. Umlobi omncane ushicilele incwadi yakhe yobuciko ngesihloko sobuKristu, ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe engafanele ukuqashelwa kwabagxeki futhi ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa eqala ukuthakazelisa umphakathi.

Isithombe se-Marguerite

Umuntu oziphatha kahle wenza okuningi ngenxa yomndeni wakhe nabangane, ngaphandle kokwesaba ukufa. Abantu bayazi abesifazane, ngokwenza kwabo, abanesibindi kunamadoda. Lona kwakungumlingisi oyinhloko. Isithombe sikaMargarita encwadini ethi "The Master and Margarita" ahluke kwabanye bonke: omncane, omuhle, wayengumfazi wesazi esikhulu kakhulu, kodwa walahla ukunethezeka. Wayengazi injabulo aze ahlangabezane noMphathi.

Egameni lothando, uMargarita uyavuma ukubambisana noSathane ngokwakhe. UWoland uvela eMoscow ukuzama abalingiswa abakhulu beveli, abanikeze ngobuqotho nothando futhi bajezise abaqambimanga nabathengi. Ubuyele eMoscow ngokuphindaphindiwe, futhi ngesikhathi engekho, okuningi kuye kwashintsha: izakhiwo, izingubo, indlela yokuphila, kodwa hhayi abantu ngokwabo. In the novel "The Master and Margarita" izithombe amaqhawe-Muscovites abanomhawu futhi abanonya. Akumangalisi ukuthi uWoland ukhetha uMargaret, owesifazane othembekile enenhliziyo enkulu yothando, njengendlovukazi ebhola lakhe elimnyama. Kuzo zonke izimfanelo ezinhle zikaMargarita, uyayivuza - iphinda ixhuma neNkosi. Ngenxa yothando, owesifazane ulungele ukuhamba ezinkingeni ezinzima kunazo zonke, ephikisana nalokho, uthola injabulo yakhe.

Ukufometha Okumnyama

Encwadini ethi "The Master and Margarita" isithombe sikaWoland siseduze noSathane wangempela, okwakuyiminyaka eminingi eyakha izindabakwane ezimbi. Ubukeka njengomuntu owenza ngobuqotho futhi egcwalisa izithembiso zakhe. UWoland wahlanganisa uMargarita neNkosi yakhe ethandekayo, wajezisa ama-Muscovites angcolile, wasikisela ukukhulula uPontiyu Pilatu, futhi ekugcineni waphuthuka ngokuthula. USathane uMninimandla onke unalo izimfanelo zomuntu ezingcono kakhulu, ezingenakusho ngomshushisi wamaJuda. Umbhali uqhathanisa noWoland kanye neGigemon ngesithombe seNkosi noMargarita: indlela eya ezulwini ivaliwe kubo, kodwa yizona ezithembekile kunazo zonke, ezinomusa kuleveli, futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke - zihlala ziqinelana komunye nomunye, ziye zahlola izivivinyo eziningi zokuziphatha.