Italy eMpini Yezwe II. Imiphumela empini yezwe

Njengoba sazi, eJalimane lobuNazi ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili, kwakukhona 2 ally esemqoka, ngubani wayesiza uHitler zazinemigomo zabo zezombangazwe nezomnotho. Thanda eJalimane, e-Italy, phakathi neMpi YeZwe II wahlupheka omkhulu okungabantu kanye nempahla ukulahlekelwa.

Inqubomgomo Benito uMussolini kwaholela Italy empini

Ngo ukuthuthukiswa 30s Italian nesiJalimane kwadingeka kuningi abafana ngakho. Bobabili amazwe baye baba namandla kwezomnotho, kodwa bevinjelwa kunoma iziphi izinhlangano ezixuba umbhikisho futhi osungulwe kombuso wobushiqela. Ideologist ka wobushiqela Italian kwaba undunankulu isimo Benito uMussolini. Le ndoda ibe imikhuba monarchical, kodwa awukwazi ukusho ukuthi, njengo uHitler lalilungiselela ukuya empini. By ekuqaleni kwempi yezwe yesibili, izwe lakubo hhayi ngendlela eyongayo ngomumo kwezombusazwe. Umgomo oyinhloko Benito uMussolini - ukudalwa i umbuso onamandla kwezomnotho wobushiqela.

UMussolini ukubona lokho okuye kwafezwa kuze 1939? Siphawula izinto ezimbalwa:

- ekulweni abangasebenzi ngokusebenzisa nokuqaliswa kohlelo imisebenzi kukahulumeni;

- isandiso nekambiso yeenthuthi zomphakathi, kuye kwaba ngcono ubudlelwano phakathi emadolobheni kanye nasezweni lonke;

- ukukhula komnotho Italy.

Omunye nemiphumela ethile engathandeki kukaMussolini kwaba ukuma kwakhe expansionist. Lokhu kuzokwenza kungaholela emiphumeleni engathí sina ngoba izwe emuva lé ngawo-1943.

Italy eMpini Yezwe II: esigabeni sokuqala

Leli zwe uye wathuthela lokulwa ngasekupheleni ngokwanele. Italy e iMpi Yezwe II yaqala ukuthatha ingxenye nge-June 1940. Isici esiyinhloko, okuyinto akuvunyelwe ukungena impi phambi - sekungavumi ngokuphelele balelo butho nezinye komnotho for esebenzayo ukulwa imisebenzi.

Isenzo sokuqala asebenzayo kukaMussolini kwaba sempi yase-Great Britain neFrance. Italy wangena empini ngemva amabutho Wehrmacht matasa yonke eScandinavia, emazweni amaningi aseYurophu futhi waqala ukulwa emhlabathini French. Ukuhlaziya inkambo izenzakalo, singasho ukuthi Italy wangena empini ngaphansi yokucindezela kweJalimane. Hitler phakathi neminyaka 1939-1940 nohambo kaningana oluya eRoma ukuba zitshele lo ekuqaleni izenzo esebenza ingxenye uMussolini umelane nabaphikisana ezivamile.

AmaNazi ngicabange amaNtaliyane abalingani sina. Italy eMpini Yezwe II ukuba abulale noma imuphi umyalo kusukela Berlin. Phakathi nayo yonke iqhaza Italy sika empini amaviyo alo bahlakazekela nemiyalezo kuzozonke izinhlangothi zempi, kuhlanganise e-Afrika. Uma sikhuluma imisebenzi luyingxenye lempi, kwakuyisenzo sokuqala sokuhlaselwa iqhaza isimo Italy eMpini Yezwe II baba nokubhonywa Malta Juni 11, 1940.

Izenzo amabutho Italy ngo-August 1940 - Januwari 1941

Ngokusho kwezikhathi amabutho empi uMussolini, singakwazi wayewabona ezimbili tinkhombandlela ukuhlaselwa ehlasela ohlangothini. Hlaziya amaNtaliyane main okuhlaselayo:

- Ukungenelwa Egypt 13 Septhemba 1940. Amasosha lisuswe kusuka Libya, sekuyisikhathi eside okuyinto kwaba koloni Italy. Umgomo - wasithatha emzini wase-Aleksandriya.

- Ngo-August 1940 kwakungu-wokuba kuhlaselwe bebheke Kenya kanye British Somaliland ensimini ahamba ngamahhashi aseTopiya.

- Ngo-October 1940, amaNtaliyane ehlaselwa Greece ovela e-Albania. Kwakuthinta kulezi izimpi, amabutho sihlangabezane wenqaba lokuqala sina. It phendla unpreparedness okuphelele impi; nobuthakathaka kwezinhloko zamaviyo Italy.

Italy kokunqotshwa

Isiphetho Italy kule mpi, isimiso, kwakudingeka nakanjani okunengqondo. Umnotho kabaze baba lakho ukuma umthwalo, ngoba kwakukhona oda enamandla kakhulu lempi, lapho umkhakha wayengakwazi ukwenza. Isizathu: yokuntuleka impahla eluhlaza kanye isizinda ukukhwezelwa lemali edingekayo. Italy ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili, ikakhulukazi abavamile, ushayiwe kanzima.

Chaza empi 1941-1942 akwenzi mqondo. Kwakulwelwa ngempumelelo obuhlukahlukene. amabutho uMussolini ngokuvamile wanqoba. Emphakathini kancane kancane narostaet lokubhikisha kukhanya, lapho ukuvela ku nalomsebenzi le lamaKhomanisi nokunyakaza sezenhlalo, nokuqinisa umsebenzi izinhlangano inyunyana.

Ngo-1943, e-Italy kwaba kakade enganamandla kakhulu futhi bekhathele beyingcuba ngenxa yokulwa. Umtshele ukuthi uyakwazi akwenzile izitha ke engasakwazi, ngakho abaholi yezwe (ngaphandle uMussolini) wanquma kancane ukuletha izwe aphume impi.

Ehlobo lango-1943 e-Italy cababa amabutho anti-Hitler womanyano.

Italy ngemva kwempi yezwe yesibili

Cabanga ngemiphumela empini kuleli zwe. Abakwazi ahlukaniswe abe amaqembu amaningana: ezombusazwe, ezomnotho nezenhlalo.

The main yi zezombusazwe yayiyisikhathi kuwa umbuso Benito uMussolini futhi ukubuya wezwe enkambweni yeningi yentuthuko. Lokho kwaba into omuhle kuphela owaletha impi yonke le nhlonhlo.

imiphumela Economic:

- ukwehla ekukhiqizeni GDP futhi 3 izikhathi;

- mass abangasebenzi (ngokomthetho abantu abangaphezu kuka-2 million, ababefuna indawo yomsebenzi);

- eningi amabhizinisi babhujiswa empini.

Italy eMpini Yezwe II ethunjiwe ngelesibili kwemibuso yobushiqela zezombusazwe, okuyinto baphela njengesizwe yalokho.

imiphumela Komphakathi:

- amasosha Italy ngemva kwempi yezwe yesibili, ke uke wangaba abangaphezu kuka-450 eziyinkulungwane bashonile kwathi abanye abaningi kwalimala;

- ebuthweni ngaleso sikhathi base ikakhulukazi intsha, ngakho beshona kwaholela esimweni esibucayi lokubala ubuningi babantu - abacela esigidini izingane Asizalwa.

isiphetho

Ngemva kokuphela kwempi yezwe yesibili, Italy wayebuthakathaka kakhulu ngokwezomnotho. Yingakho nenani elikhula njalo amaqembu lamaKhomanisi bese sezenhlalo kanye nomthelela yabo empilweni isimo. Ukuze unqobe lenkinga 1945-1947, ezingaphezu kuka-50% yangasese zadliwa uhulumeni e-Italy. The main isikhashana zombusazwe Engxenyeni yesibili 40s - ngo-1946, e-Italy ngokusemthethweni iba i-republic.

Nge ukuthuthukiswa yelinyenti Italy ayisekho waya naphakade.