Israyeli futhi Palestine: umlando ingxabano (kafushane)

Ukuze sikuqonde ngokunembe kakhudlwana lokho ingxabano eyaba khona phakathi kuka-Israyeli futhi Palestine, kufanele ucabangele ngokucophelela prehistory yayo, indawo geopolitical yezwe futhi inkambo ukungqubuzana phakathi uthi, Israyeli futhi Palestine. Umlando we izingxabano kuxoxwa kafushane kulesi sihloko. ngxabano amazwe athuthukile inqubo lide kakhulu futhi ngendlela ethakazelisa kakhulu.

Palestine kuyinto endaweni encane eMpumalanga Ephakathi. Ngo esifundeni efanayo kukhona nombuso wakwa-Israyeli, okuyinto wabunjwa ngomnyaka ka-1948. Kungani uba nezitha zakwa-Israyeli futhi Palestine? Umlando we izingxabano lide kakhulu futhi impikiswano. Izimpande kwalokhu kungqubuzana kuye nengxabano lalala zivela ngalesikhathi umzabalazo phakathi Palestina Arabhu namaJuda ukubusa indawo futhi abantu bendabuko angaphezu kuka esifundeni.

Ingemuva iminyaka eminingi ukungqubuzana

Kuwo wonke umlando omude amaJuda Arabhu Bahlala ngokuthula endaweni yasePalestina, okuyinto ezinsukwini zika yoMbuso WaseTurkey wawuyingxenye isimo yaseSiriya. Abomdabu basezifundeni Arabhu esifundeni, kodwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu XX umphakathi wamaJuda waqala kancane kancane ukwandisa. Isimo kwashintsha ngokuphelele kusukela ekupheleni kweMpi Yezwe I (1918), lapho iBrithani wanikezwa igunya nokuphathwa insimu ka Palestine futhi wakwazi ukuba aphishekele inqubomgomo ku kula mazwe.

Zionism futhi Declaration Balfour

AmaJuda aqala ikoloni olubanzi umhlaba asePalestina. Lokhu kwakuhambisana ukuthuthukiswa kazwelonke amafilosofi Jewish - Zionism ohlinzekela ukubuya abantu bamaJuda ezweni lazo - Israyeli. Ubufakazi kule nqubo, okuthiwa Balfour Declaration. Kuyinto incwadi kumholi ukunyakaza Zionist oluvela kuNgqongqoshe British A. Balfour, eyabhalwa ngo-1917. Esikhathini Incwadi ukuze bathethelele izimangalo indawo yamaJuda ePalestina. IsiNqumo lesi kuye kwadingeka eside emphakathini, eqinisweni ke oluqale impi.

Ingxabano ushona e 20-40-yalolucwaningo ka XX leminyaka

Esikhathini 20s kwekhulu elidlule, le Zionists waqala ukuqinisa izikhundla zabo, kwaba khona inhlangano lempi "Haganah", futhi entsha, nakakhulu inhlangano ziyingozi ngokuthi "Irgun Two Leumi" ngo-1935. Kodwa izenzo olukhulu amaJuda abangazange okwamanje ixazululwe, ngicindezelwe asePalestina Arabhu eyenziwa ngekuthula.

Ngemva kokuba amaNazi athatha izintambo futhi ukugqashuka kwempi yezwe yesibili, inani kwamaJuda ayesePalestina zezwa okwandisa ngenxa ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe yabo esuka eYurophu. Ngezinye 1938 ku emazweni asePalestina uhlalwe nabaJuda 420.000, okuyinto izikhathi ezimbili ezingaphezu kuka-1932. Umgomo oyinhloko amaJuda yabo Izindawo wabona ekunqotshweni ephelele Palestine nokumiswa nombuso wamaJuda. Lokhu kufakazelwa iqiniso lokuthi ngemva kwempi, ngo-1947, inani kwamaJuda ayesePalestina kukhuphuke ngo ayizinkulungwane 200 futhi uye waba 620 ayizinkulungwane. Man.

Israyeli futhi Palestine. Umlando we izingxabano, imizamo omhlaba ukuxazulula

Ngo-50 le Zionists kwasicinisa (ngesenzakalo zobuphekula), nomqondo wabo wokuthi isimo abangamaJuda babekuthola ithuba kokusebenza yayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, besekele umphakathi wamazwe omhlaba. 1945 libhekene ukushisa okunzima ubudlelwane phakathi Palestine no-Israyeli. Iziphathimandla British akazange ziyazi indlela yokuphuma yalesi simo, ngoba ziqondiswe UN General Assembly, okuyinto ngo-1947 wathatha ngekusasa Palestine.

Out kwaphinde kwaba nokungezwani kwezigodi UN ukuthi ukubonile lokhu embodiments ezimbili. Lapho umnyango muva esungulwe inhlangano yamazwe ngamazwe ekomidini yasungulwa, okuyinto waziphatha izindaba Palestine, kwakugcwele abantu 11. Kwahlongozwa ukudala ePalestina uthi ezimbili ezimele - omunye Arab nokukodwa abangamaJuda. Benziwa phakathi (international) indawo akukho-muntu sika - eJerusalema. Loluhlelo leKomiti UN ngemva kwengxoxo ende, kwenza kwaba nomfutho omkhulu ngo-November 1947. Loluhlelo lithole ukuqashelwa ezinkulu zamazwe ngamazwe, ke evunyiwe kokubili e-US nase-USSR, kanye ngqo Israyeli futhi Palestine. Umlando we izingxabano, zonke abalwa kwase sekufike ekupheleni.

Imigomo ye-lesinqumo le-UN ku settlement ukungqubuzana

Ngokwe-lesinqumo le-UN kukaNovemba 29, 1947, indawo asePalestina lahlukaniswa laba izifunda ezimbili ezizimele - (.. Endaweni ayizinkulungwane 14 sq Km) Arab (.. Endaweni ayizinkulungwane 11 sq Km) Futhi abangamaJuda. Endaweni ehlukile, lapho kuhlelwe, idaliwe izoni ngamazwe e emzini waseJerusalema. Ngasekuqaleni kuka-August 1948, bamakoloni isiNgisi, ngokuvumelana uhlelo, kwakufanele ashiye insimu ka Palestine.

Kepha njengoba masinyane njengoba nombuso wamaJuda ezamenyezelwa futhi baba uNdunankulu uBheni-Gurion, le Zionists olukhulu, abangafuni ukuqaphela ngokuzijamela ingxenye Arab bezwe Palestina, ukulwa waqala ngo-May 1948.

Isigaba okukhulu ukungqubuzana kwezinhloso 1948-1949,

Yini kwaba emazweni anjenge Israyeli futhi Palestine, umlando we izingxabano? Lapho eseqala ingqubuzana? Ake sizame ukunikeza lolu daba impendulo enemininingwane. Ukumenyezelwa ukuzimela sika-Israyeli, kwaba resonant kakhulu futhi impikiswano mcimbi woMhlaba. Abaningi emazweni Arab-Muslim abakakuboni nombuso wakwa-Israyeli, wathi: "jihad" (impi engcwele ngokumelene infidels). Ukwakheka Arab League, okuyinto walwa no-Israyeli babe Jordan, Lebanon, Yemen, Egypt and Saudi Arabia. Ngakho, saqala esebenzayo ukulwa imisebenzi, maphakathi yini babe ngu-Israyeli futhi Palestine. Ingxabano buye baphoqa izizwe ngisho nangaphambi kwezenzakalo ezibuhlungu zangalolo empini ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane 300. Arabhu asePalestina ukushiya emazweni azo endabuko.

Arab League ibutho zazihlelekile futhi Babengathi izinkulungwane 40. Amasosha, kuyilapho ama-Israyeli ayenalo ayizinkulungwane 30 kuphela. Chief amabutho Arab League useqokwe njengesekela iNkosi ka-Jordan. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-United Nations ngambiza amaqembu emhlabeni ngisho isungule uhlelo ukuthula, kodwa-ke enhlangothini zombili wakwenqaba.

Ezinsukwini zokuqala zempi ePalestina ingeyamakhosi ngokunenzuzo amazwe Arab League, kodwa ehlobo lika-1948 isimo sashintsha ngokuphelele. amabutho yamaJuda phezu ocasulayo, ngaphakathi kwezinsuku eziyishumi beat emuva ukuhlaselwa ama-Arabhu. Futhi kakade ngo-1949, u-Israyeli uye wasixosha isitha buhlungu esiwujuqu imingcele Palestine, ekuthumbeni ngaleyo ndlela yonke insimu yalo.

ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe IMisa lezizwe

Phakathi nokunqotshwa kweKhanani okwathatha samaJuda umhlaba asePalestina abacela esigidini Arabhu zaxoshwa. Efudukela kwamanye amazwe angomakhelwane Muslim. Inqubo reverse kwaba ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe lamaJuda kusukela amazwe Arab League e-Israel. kokuqeda Ngakho Ukungqubuzana lempi kuqala. Okunjalo kwakuyisici kusuka emazweni anjenge Israyeli futhi Palestine, umlando ingxabano. Ubani obangela ukuba abe yizisulu eziningi, kunzima ukuba yahlulele, ngoba zombili babenesithakazelo isixazululo lezempi empini.

ubudlelwane Modern kwezifunda

Kanjani ukuphila manje Israyeli futhi Palestine? Umlando we izingxabano ngaphandle ekupheleni? Umbuzo engaphenduliwe, njengoba ukungqubuzana engakaze yaphela, futhi ezinsukwini zethu. Ukungqubuzana phakathi kwamazwe kwaqhubeka phakathi nayo yonke leminyaka. Lokhu kufakazelwa izingxabano ezifana iSinayi (1956) kanye-Day eziyisithupha (1967) impi. Ngakho, ngokungazelelwe sekukhona futhi ithuthukiswe ukungqubuzana eside ka-Israyeli futhi Palestine.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi phambili ukuthula kwaba nokho. Isibonelo salokhu kungaba nezingxoxo, okwenzeka ngo-Oslo e-1993. Phakathi PLO futhi uMbuso Wakwa-Israyeli yasayina isivumelwano mayelana nekwetfula eGaza Strip uhlelo lohulumeni basekhaya. Ngesisekelo lezi zivumelwano nakwesilandelayo, ngo-1994, yasungulwa ngo-Palestina National Authority, ngowezi-2013 ngokusemthethweni uqambe State of Palestine. Ukudalwa ngalesi simo asizange silethe ukuthula eside elindelwe, ukungqubuzana Arabhu namaJuda namanje kude esiyimbangela, kusukela ezimpandeni zayo ijulile kakhulu futhi buyaphikisana.