Intonga Namandla - Okushiwo Izimpawu

Sijule emakhulwini eminyaka, ake sizame ukuthola ukuthi intonga namandla emlandweni waseRashiya kusho ukuthini.

Intonga iyabasebenzi abalinganisiwe. Yenziwe ngesiliva, indlovu, igolide, eyakhiwe ngamatshe futhi yasetshenziselwa izimpawu zomzimba. Emlandweni waseRussia, intonga iyindlalifa yabasebenzi basebukhosini, okuwuphawu lwamandla wezikhulu ezinkulu namakhosi. Ekhuluma ngamatshwayo wamandla omzimba, sidinga ukuma emandleni - ibhola legolide elinesiphambano nomqhele. Ubuso be-sphere ngokuvamile babuhlotshwe ngamagugu nezimpawu. Kusuka ku-Old Old Russian elithi "държа", okusho ukuthi "amandla", futhi leli gama lenzekile. Intonga namandla ama-tsars aseRashiya yiwona omdala kunabo bonke amandla obusobala.

Amabhola oMbusi, noma ama-apula amakhosi - ngakho abizwa eRussia, futhi akhonza njengezici zamandla amaRoma, amaJalimane namanye amakhosi.

Amakhanda eMbusweni WaseRussia

Ukuyeka ukubhaliswa kwabaphathi bamaRussia, kudingeke ukuba kuqokomise umqhele woMbuso WaseRussia. Ukuze kutholakale imibuso embusweni, basebenzisa i-Monomakh's Hat.

ERussia, umkhosi wokuqothulwa kombuso wokuqala wabanjwa phezu komkakho kaPeter the Great nguCatherine Akhseevna, kamuva owaba uCatherine the First. Kwakungenxa kaCatherine I ukuthi umqhele wokuqala wesihlalo sobukhosi wawusekelwe ngokukhethekile eRussia.

I-Cap of Monomakh - uhulumeni wasendulo

Ukukhulunywa kweCap of Monomakh kubonakala ngekhulu le-16. Esigabeni Sezinduna ZaseVladimir. Ikhuluma ngoConstantine Monomakh, umbusi waseByzantium owayebusa ngekhulu le-11. Ngakho igama. Cishe, u-Ivan Kalita wayengumnikazi wayo wokuqala. Ngokusho komlando wezobuciko okhona, iKapop yaseMonomakh yenziwa eMpumalanga ngekhulu le-14. Lona ngumqhele wasendulo kakhulu waseRussia. Wayengagqoke njengenhloko yansuku zonke, kodwa wasebenzisa, ebeka umqhele emakhosini aseRussia kusukela ngo-1498 kuya ku-1682. Umqhele uqukethe amapulethi egolide ngamaphethini. Esiqongweni somqhele kukhona obunamapulangwe obhekene namatshe ayigugu. Isikhwama seMonomakh sakhiwe ngoboya bezinyosi. Isisindo somqhele ongenawo ubunama-698 amagremu.

Ngakho-ke, iCap of Monomakh, kanye nenkosi namandla, ibonisa iRussia kusukela izikhathi zangaphambi kwePeterrine. Ngendlela, kuthiwa kunezakhiwo zokwelapha. Ngakho-ke, kukholelwa ukuthi uyakwazi ukukhulula izifo ezihlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi ezivela ekhanda.

Intonga Namandla KaTsar Boris Godunov

Ukubukeka kwemibono enjalo kanye nezihloko njengombonga kanye namandla njengamatshwayo emandla aseRashiya ahlanganiswe nokubusa kukaBoris Godunov. Balalelwa ngo-1599-1600 ngamakhosi ekhotho likaRudolph II. Ukukhiqizwa kwenzeka e-Eger (idolobha lanamuhla laseKebb). Ama-jewelers ekwakhiweni kwekithi alandela amasiko we-Renaissance. Futhi nakuba kunomlando, uthi inkosi namandla babuyiselwe emuva ngekhulu le-XI. INkosana Vladimir Monomakh, empeleni bazinikele kuTsar Boris the Great ngo-embassy ka-Emperor Rudolph II, owabusa uMbuso Ongcwele WaseRoma. Ngo-1604 bathola isicelo sabo ekwenzeni izingubo zakhe ezinkulu.

Intonga yama-monomach yasenziwe ngegolide ngemininingwane ye-koqweqwe lwawo. Amakhansela amabili, i-emerald enkulu, namanye amatshe ayigugu ayetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa. Uhulumeni uye wabamba ukuhlanganiswa kwe-encrustation. Imininingwane ichaza izigcawu ezivela ekubuseni kukaDavid. Izwe lihlotshiswe ngamapharele amakhulu angu-37, amadayimani angu-58, ama-rubies angu-89, kanye ne-emerald kanye ne-tourmalines.

Umqhele - ukubhaliswa okubaluleke kakhulu kukaMikhail Romanov Romanov

U-Tsar Michael Romanov wayengowomqhele we "Big Dress". Yakhishwa ngo-1627 yidikoni Efim Telepnev. Wayengumphathi oyinhloko e-Armory. I Crown Crown inezinhlangothi ezimbili. Ngezansi kuhlaka lwangaphandle luyisigqoko se-tapered ayisishiyagalombili. Umqhele uhlotshiswe ngoboya obuhle ngamatshe ayigugu. Kakade emva kwekhulu le-XVIII, umqhele we "Big Dress" waba umqhele we "Kingdom of Astrakhan".

I-regalia elahlekile yoMbuso waseRussia

Kuze kube manje, uhulumeni othile kuphela usinda. Bathola indawo efanelekayo yokuhlala e-Armory Chamber yaseMoscow. Kodwa eziningi zazo zilahlekile ngokungenakwenzeka. Lezi zihlanganisa "Umqhele Omkhulu" kaTsar Feoror I Ivanovich. Ekhuluma ngalolu msebenzi wezobuciko, kubalulekile ukusho mayelana nokuhlukile okungaqondakali. Umqhele wenziwa e-Istanbul ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-16. Njengesipho, uMphathiswa WaseConstantinople uJeremiah II wathumela umqhele kuTar Fedor I Ivanovich, owayengowokugcina emndenini waseRurikovich. "Umqhele omkhulu" wasebenzisa amakhosi kuphela ngemikhosi ebalulekile. Cishe ngo-1680, umqhele waqedwa. Ngemuva kwaloko, imininingwane yayo yasetshenziselwa "idayimane" ye-Ivan V noPetru I.

Umqhele, intonga namandla phezu kwesembatho sobukhosi

Ngo-1604, eWalse Dmitry, ebusweni bakhe obuncane, kwavela isithombe semikhosi emithathu ngaphansi kokhozi. Lesi sithombe sivele okokuqala futhi asihlali isikhathi eside. Nokho, kakade ngo-1625, esikhundleni sesiphambano phakathi kwamakhanda okhozi, kwavela umqhele wesithathu. Lesi sithombe sibonakala ngaphansi kweTsar Mikhail Fedorovich on uphawu oluncane lwesizwe. Okufanayo kwenziwa ngo-1645 indodana yakhe u-Alexei ku-Great State Press.

Umbuso nodonga lwengubo yezingalo kwakungakaze kube yisikhathi sokubusa kukaMikhail Fedorovich. Ngomnyaka we-1667, ngesithombe sombuso wombuso wombuso, uphawu lukahulumeni lukaTsar Alexei Mikhailovich lwavela. Ngokokuqala ngqa ngoJuni 4, 1667, inkosi yanikeza incazelo ecacile necacile yokufanekisa okuhlotshaniswa nemiqhele emithathu. Imikhosi ngayinye, ekhonjiswe ngengubo yezingalo kanye nephawu, ifana nemibuso-iSiberia, iKazan, Astrakhan. Futhi intonga namandla eRussia asho ukuthi "U-autocrat nomnikazi." Futhi kakade ngo-1667, ngoDisemba 14, isimemezelo sokuqala mayelana nengubo yezingalo sibonakala.

Umqhele, intonga namandla phezu kwesifanekiselo saseRussia

Emakhulwini eminyaka kamuva, ngoDisemba 25, 2000, umthetho wezomthethosisekelo "Embukisweni Wombuso weRussian Federation" wamukelwa. Lesi simboli sombuso simelelwe isihlangu sokwemvelo. I-quadrangular, ebomvu. Amakhonksi aphansi ahlangene. Phakathi nendawo ukhozi lwegolide elinamakhanda amabili, ngalinye elikhishwa umqhele omncane, futhi ngaphezu kwawo kuphakama umqhele owodwa omkhulu. Ukubaluleka kwemikhosi emithathu kungukubonakaliswa kobukhosi buka-RF kuphela, kodwa futhi nezingxenye zayo, okungukuthi, izihloko. Futhi ezingalweni kukhona intonga namandla. Izithombe ze-regalia zihlaba umxhwele ngobuhle bazo. Esikhathini esifanele, ukhozi ubamba intonga, futhi ngakwesobunxele - amandla.

Intonga Namandla eRussia zifanekisela isimo esisodwa namandla. Futhi esifubeni se-ukhozi yisithombe somgibeli wesiliva ehhashi. Indoda ibulala idrako emnyama ngomkhonto. Kuvunyelwe ukukhiqiza ingubo yezingalo zeRussian Federation hhayi nje ngombala, kodwa futhi ngokuzimela komzimba. Uma kunesidingo, kungaboniswa ngaphandle kwesihlangu sokwemvelo.

Umlobi wesithombe esasakazeka kakhulu sesibonakaliso se-Russian Federation ngumculi kazwelonke u-Evgeny Ukhnalyov.