Ukukhwehlela kanjani izingane

Imithi iyazi izifo eziningi umuntu aguga ebuntwaneni. Amanye awo atholakala ikakhulukazi futhi adluliselwa kalula, isibonelo, inkukhu, nezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo zimbi kakhulu futhi imiphumela emibi kakhulu. Kusukela ezifweni ezinjalo, abantu baye bazama ukwakha imishanguzo eyokusiza ukuba badlulisele kalula futhi ngaphandle kwemiphumela noma cha nhlobo ukugula. Lesi sihloko sizocabangela esinye sezifo, okuthiwa i-pertussis.

I-Pertussis ingokwezifo ezinzima ezingathandabuzeki, kwenzeka ngenxa yokuthola i-pathogen nge-air inhaled. Lesi sifo sibangelwa induku ye-pertussis, ehlobene nama-microorganisms agciwane-negative, engazinzile kakhulu emvelweni. I-wand iyafa ngokushesha lapho ivuliwe ilanga noma izixazululo ezibulala amagciwane. I-Pertussis ezinganeni zivame kakhulu futhi zibonakalisa njengokukhwehlela okubuhlungu nokudakwa.

I-Etiology ye-pertussis

Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, lesi sifo sibangela i-pertussis. Ukwelashwa ngokuvamile kwenzeka lapho uxhumana nomuntu ogulayo. Ukungena emzimbeni womuntu, induku ingene ngaphakathi kwe-mucosa yama-nasopharyngeal. Endleleni yokuphila kwayo, kukhishwa i-toxin, yimbangela yazo zonke izibonakaliso zemitholampilo. I-toxin icasula umuthi wokuphefumula, futhi unomthelela omuhle ohlelweni lwezinzwa. Ukubizwa nge-spasm ye-diaphragm nemisipha yokuphefumula. Ngenxa yokukhwehlela okukhulu kanye nokufiphaza kwemisipha, i-hypoxia yezingxenye nezicubu zikhula, ezenza lesi sifo sibe nzima. I-Pertussis ezinganeni kuze kube yilapho ikhukhuma kakhulu futhi ingabangela ukukhishwa kwe-asphyxia nokuphefumula. Kanti futhi, izifo zengculazi zingase zikhulise inkinga yesifo.

Ukubonakaliswa kwesifo

Isikhathi esilandelayo sesifo sibalwa izinsuku eziyisikhombisa kuya kweziyishumi. Lesi yisikhathi sokusungulwa kwe-pertussis, ukwakheka kwe-toxin nokuqala kwesenzo salo sokukhubazeka. Khona-ke kukhona ukwanda kokushisa, kukhona ukudakwa. Ingane iba buthakathaka, ingenangqondo. Kukhona ukukhwehlela owomile, okwandisa kancane kancane. Kule nkathi, okuthiwa i-catarrhal, kuthatha cishe izinsuku eziyishumi. Ngemuva kokuhlangana kwe-spastic. Isikhukhula siba namandla kakhulu, futhi ukuhlaselwa kwakhe kuhlala isikhathi eside, ngokuvamile kuphelile ngokuhlanza. Izinto ezinjalo ziphindaphindiwe izikhathi eziningi ngosuku, zikhathele umntwana. Ezinganeni ezincane ngokumelene nesizinda sokukhwehlela okunzima , ukuqubuka kungase kwenzeke. Ubuso bomntwana bukhukhumele futhi bubomvu ngenxa yokukhwehlela. Ngokuvamile kunezifo ezinwabuzelayo esikhumbeni nasesikhaleni samehlo. I-Pertussis ezinganeni ingaba nzima nge-pneumonia, atelectasis kanye ne-emphysema. Lezi zenzakalo zingapheli inyanga eyodwa. Khona-ke lesi sifo siqhubeka nokuhlukumeza futhi kutholakala kancane kancane. Labo bantwana abaye bagonywa umuthi wokugoma we-pertussis, baphathe kalula lesi sifo, futhi bangasuswa. Kulokhu, lesi sifo siqinisekiswa ngokuxilongwa kwe-immunological nokuhlukaniswa kwe-agent causative kusuka ku-sputum.

Indlela yokuphatha ukukhwehlela okukhwehlela izingane

Izinhlobo ezilula zokugula ziphathwa ekhaya. Uma i- pertussis iqala ezinganeni, ukwelashwa kwenziwa endaweni yokumisa. Izingane zebele zisuke zibhekene nezibhedlela eziphoqelekile, ngoba zivame ukuhlakulela i-hypoxia enamandla futhi kunesidingo sokuzidlulisela ekungeneni kwamapayipi okusiza. I-Pertussis ezinganeni iphathwa ngokuphawulekayo, isebenzisa imishanguzo ye-antibiotic, kuze kube yizinsuku eziyishumi. Nika izidakamizwa ze-antipyretic, izintuthwane ezisebenza phakathi, uma kudingeka izidakamizwa ze-anticonvulsant. Ngokusho kwalolu hlelo, izinsuku ezintathu, ukwethulwa kwe-immunoglobulin elwa nokulwa nokungeniswa.

Izinyathelo zokuvimbela

Kusencane, ukugoma okugunyaziwe nomgomo wokugoma, okuyingxenye ye-DTP. Ukugonywa kwenziwa kathathu. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba uvimbele lesi sifo ngokukhwehlela ukukhwehlela noma, uma kwenzeka isifo esivele senyukile, kulula ukuyidlulisela ngaphandle kwezinkinga.

Izingane ezazixhumana nomntwana ogulayo kumele zigcinwe amasonto amabili.