Umgomo 'RotaTeq': umenzi, imfundo kumakhophi, Izibuyekezo

impilo inzalo - wukuthi wokuqala nomkhulu kunabo bonke kwakuphathelene abazali ngenkuthalo. Isisekelo lena isazela of ukuzala esivela isakhi sofuzo somuntu. Ngaphezu kwalokhu izizathu prosaic, abazali eliqhutshwa ngothando olungenamkhawulo izingane zabo. Sekungamakhulu eminyaka isintu wacabanga yini ukuthi ukuvikela umzimba ethambile kusukela ejenti nolaka ezisongela ingane kuphi. Ukucwaninga kososayensi baye ayibanga yize - isungule ezihlukahlukene yokugoma, isibonelo ezifweni ezinjenge kepha wesabeka njengezimpi isifo, ingxibongo, ikholera, njll Lezi kudingekile izinyathelo isintu namuhla akamazi bhubhane ezimbi ezenzeka Ephakathi .. Ngubani odale yokugoma ezifweni eziningi, kuhlanganise nezindima ezivamile njengoba Rotavirus ukutheleleka.

Rotavirus: yini ingozi alo?

Rotavirus - a silwanyana ethize kubangela elinegciwane umuntu nezimpawu ezifanayo ukuze enteritis. Ibizwa nangokuthi "umkhuhlane emathunjini 'futhi' isifo yezandla ezingcolile". Isibongo kungenxa yokuthi igciwane ezinjalo angaba ngaphandle kokubona inhlanzeko eyisisekelo postulates. Ngeshwa, lokhu isono izingane - basuke ngokuyinhloko okubhekiswe ukutheleleka.

Ngezimpawu zesifo rotaviral liyakhula ngokushesha, ngokuvamile uhambisana imfiva kanye dyspepsia - ukuhlanza, ukukhishwa yisisu. Ingozi ngokuba seziguli ezisencane ukuthi umzimba ngamanzi emzimbeni wengane kungavuka ngamahora ambalwa nje kuphela. It is wafakazela ukuthi abadala athwale ukutheleleka kalula futhi ngaphandle kwemiphumela, kodwa izingane zisengozini. Ikakhulukazi labo abeze esikolweni izinkulisa, zokudlala kanye nezinye izindawo izixuku ezinkulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Rotavirus bangangena Insimu amafulethi abadala iyagula. Kuyaziwa ukuthi umuntu uqala unekhemikhali igciwane izinsuku ezimbili ngaphambi ukubonakala izimpawu egqamile futhi ziqhubeka zanda cishe izinyanga ezimbili emva kokuphela kwalesi sifo. Ngakho-ke, ematfuba yokungenwa yilesi sifo okungenani kanye ekuphileni ifinyelela ku-100%.

Ngokwezibalo, zonke izingane ayisithupha yesihlanu ukuba zingeniswe esibhedlela ngemuva ukungenwa yigciwane. Ngakho-ke, "RotaTeq" umuthi wokugomela umntwana kuyoba ezifanele kakhulu futhi ngokuqinisekile ayivikele ingozi yokutheleleka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuzokuvumela ukuthuthukisa amasosha omzimba esitebeleni nehlala njalo elibekwa silwanyana nolaka.

"RotaTeq" - isivikelo ngokumelene Rotavirus

Rotavirus ukutheleleka akuyona ukugula eyodwa-off - it has serotypes eziningana, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi sigule. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, siza umgomo 'RotaTeq "ngoba iqukethe genomes of nesigqi ezinkulu igciwane.

Lesi sidakamizwa usebenza isimiso ekukhuleni kwengane emzimbeni we omzimba kuwo kule serotypes ezinhlanu eyinhloko Rotavirus, isifo sabhalwa emhlabeni wonke kusukela ekuqaleni 70-yalolucwaningo kwekhulu elidlule. Kusukela umbono yentuthuko amasosha omzimba ukuba umgomo elihlasele igciwane kungasiza "RotaTeq." Umenzi we izidakamizwa - United States, inkampani - "Merck Sharp & Dohme," kanye nemikhiqizo pre-zahlanganiswa ensimini ka-Netherlands. Ngakho, akungabazeki e kuhle njengendlela nomuthi.

Umgomo 'RotaTeq ": incazelo sokuqanjwa izidakamizwa, pharmacodynamics

Umuthi ikufakazele ngempumelelo futhi iye kufakwe ikhalenda yokugoma ayimpoqo emazweni amaningi. On endaweni Russian Federation, isinqumo lwenziwe okwamanje, ngakho abafisa ukuthenga ngokwakho umjovo. Incazelo izidakamizwa, okuyinto enikezwa esihlokweni izoba wusizo isigaba ezinjalo abazali. Ukukhuluma Ngokushesha kuwufanele ukuthi leli thuluzi ayenzelwanga imijovo - enikeziwe ekuphathweni kuphela ngomlomo emzimbeni. "RotaTeq" Umgomo uba nombala ugodo ephuzi, kodwa ukuvunyelwa ukuba sibe luhlaza Pinkish ukuthi akuyona ukuphambuka kusuka kuyinsakavukela.

Njengoba sekushiwo, iqukethe serotypes ezinhlanu eyinhloko Rotavirus - kusuka ku-G-1 kuya ku-G-4, kanye reassortant ngokuthi P1a. Basuke izingcezu genomes of sezinkomo kanye igciwane ongumuntu ophilayo. Ukuze uthuthukise ukunambitheka ukuqonda futhi izingane izidakamizwa excipients ungeze ezifana sucrose. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukwakheka kuhlanganisa sodium hydroxide, polysorbate nezinye izingxenye. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze asindise qualitative kakhulu isiko ezibangelwa amagciwane. Vaccine "Rotateq" isithombe okuyinto kungabonakala sihloko zahlanganiswa ngo amashubhu plastic, 2 ml (umthamo owodwa). Ezinye iziqukathi ebekelwa emgodleni ayisivikelo ucwecwe ngabanye.

Kungani isinqumo ukuthuthukisa ithuluzi okuthiwa "RotaTeq?" Umgomo sidalwe ngenxa okusezingeni eliphezulu pharmacodynamics Rotavirus emhlabeni. Lezi izifundo imininingwane eminingi basikisela ukuthi RV kuthinta cishe 95% izingane ngaphansi kweminyaka engu-5, okubangela Gastroenteritis acute , kulandele amanzi emzimbeni (amanzi emzimbeni). Ngenxa yalokho, esibhedlela kuncike 71% eziguli. amacala ebulalayo nazo waphawula njengoba isifo limelela ingozi enkulu izingane. Minyaka yonke, ogulayo "umkhuhlane emathunjini" emhlabeni mayelana ezinye izingane ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-140. Kule ndaba, amazwe amaningi anquma ukukuvala zokwethula izidakamizwa ibe impoqo yokugoma ikhalenda.

izifo Rotavirus wokugoma 'RotaTeq' sihlangabezana okulindele - izigameko kwehle kakhulu, futhi nenombolo Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu siye sancipha ngamaphesenti izikhathi eziningana. It is ngempumelelo esetshenziselwa emazweni angaphezu kuka-40. Kukhona omunye isici kakhulu kuthinta ukuphumelela izidakamizwa - a kuhlangene ingxenye ezibangelwa amagciwane. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingxenye izindlela kuhlanganisiwe izinsalela agent ezithathelwanayo ukuze abangele impendulo ezanele kunazo mzimba.

Umgomo 'RotaTeq': isitatimende

Umuthi, wadala ngokusebenzisa ukuthuthukiswa emkhakheni-genetic engineering, njengoba sekuphawuliwe kakade, iyasetshenziswa ngempumelelo practice. Ngokusho ithuluzi isichasiselo esetshenziswa kuphela isakhasa. Umgomo 'RotaTeq' (ngesandla iqukethe ulwazi lemininingwane mayelana nokuthi ukusetshenziswa kwayo) is wangena kathathu ngezikhathi ezingekho ngaphansi kuka ngenyanga eyodwa. Komthamo wokuqala Kunconywa ukuba iphathwe kuka amasonto ayisithupha kungakadluli izinyanga ezimbili ubudala wengane. Ukuphela yokugoma kumele kube kungakapheli ingane ifinyelela izinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili. Kukhona ezinye umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama ebalulekile ezihlobene izidakamizwa:

• Uma okuqukethwe ingane amathe emlonyeni, umgomo akufanele iqondiswa ngokuphindaphindiwe, ezifana isipiliyoni emitholampilo ayinayo imiphumela angaba. Imithamo ezisele kufanele ngokwesiko zokukhokha ikhalenda.
• Izinsana ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi avunyelwe ukuncoma umgomo, kodwa singazalwa ngasikhathi eside ngaphambili kuka ngesonto 25th. Kwethulwa imithi ingane kufanele kube eneminyaka engu-izinyanga unyaka nesigamu.
• Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi umgomo 'RotaTeq' akuphazamisi amasosha omzimba ngemva ngokuxhunyelelwa parallel nezinye izidakamizwa (ngokumelene idiphtheria nomhlathi-ngqi, pertussis acellular, uvendle nesifo nokunye. D.).

Inkomba sokusebenzisa ukuvimbela izifo Rotavirus izinhlobo ezinhlanu eziyisisekelo.

Imibandela wesitoreji ekulungisweni ebaluleke isikhathi kusukela okuqukethwe ayilungile amashubhu kuhambisana nokulahlekelwa noma ukuguqulwa sezindawo eziyisisekelo umgomo. Amazinga lapho izidakamizwa kufanele agcinwe, uphawu kumele singeqi + 8⁰ C. aphansi lokushisa embundwini amplitude kuyinto + 2⁰ wokugoma C. Freeze akuvunyelwe nakancane. Futhi, indawo nokuqukethwe kwalo has ukuba mnyama, ne nomswakama nokulinganisela ezingafinyeleleki izingane. Sebenzisa izidakamizwa kumele ngokushesha ngemuva ukuvulwa futhi izohlala ezingeni lokushisa hhayi ephakeme kunaleyo + 25⁰ S. In an icala ngokwedlulele, vula wokugoma lingalondolozwa ngaphansi kwezimo lokushisa hhayi izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezimbili.

Imithetho yokuphathwa

Lesi sahluko has ulwazi oluthile ukuthi, kunalokho, senzelwe izisebenzi zezokwelapha oqhuba ngokugoma. Kodwa abazali futhi banelungelo ukwazi yonke indlela ukulandelela kahle futhi ngaba nokuzethemba ukusebenza okuqhubekayo izidakamizwa. Into yokuqala ukuthi kumele kwenziwe ngaphambi noma yimuphi umgomo ukuba kudlule luhlolo ayimpoqo ngu kudokotela wezingane. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi udokotela kufanele bacabangisise inhlolovo abazali izifo ingane yizinambuzane, khona komzimba, kanye ukuhlola isimo samanje isiguli encane. Uma usuvele senzeka ukwethulwa wokugoma, umthengisi udokotela uthola ngokuningiliziwe umphumela wawo umzimba wengane.

Kuphela ngemuva luhlolo loluphelele isazi sezifo zezingane esenqumile ngokugoma. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, lo dokotela kumele azise abazali ngemiphumela kungenzeka futhi esibi izidakamizwa ukusabela, okuyizinto ezingavamile kakhulu, kodwa kwenzeka. Ngokusho kohlelo ezivamile imigomo, ekuphathweni lokuqala ngomlomo izidakamizwa kufanele kuhle zenzeka lapho ingane iphendula amasonto 6. Umsebenzi wezempilo isebenzisa algorithm ezilandelayo:

• Uveza kuvulwa isitsha, futhi ukudansela isiginci sakhe dispenser, bayiphathe thwi evunyelwe phezulu tube kususa izinsalela izidakamizwa ezitholakala esifundeni ithiphu.
• Uhlawuliswe yobunzima dispenser puncturing ngayo ithiphu abukhali, ngokufanele ngaphakathi cap (ebonakalayo ukuze umise).
• Umthamo iqondiswa ngokucophelela futhi kancane, eqondisa ukuba yangaphakathi ohlangothini izihlathi wengane, a bethulula cishe ephelele tube.
• Ukulahlwa kwezinto izinsalela ukulungiselela kanye esitsheni ekhiqizwa ngokuhambisana imiyalelo ye-indle eziphila enobungozi.

Zikhona amaphuzu amaningana ukuthi kufanele licaciswe. Ngokwesibonelo, uma "RotaTeq" wokugoma omiselwe ingane eminyakeni 4? Impendulo isobala - akukho. Lapho eneminyaka engu-amasonto 33 ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa akwenzi mqondo. Ngamanye amazwi, izingane ezine noma eyishumi nesithupha kanye nabantu abadala, kuhlanganise asebekhulile, inxusa ayizange inikezwe. Kodwa endabeni ka-odokotela ezingasebenzi kanye nokungazi abazali komthamo wokuqala kungenzeka ngokungadingekile kwethulwa. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kubalulekile ukuba ugcwalise lokugoma ngokuhambisana idayagramu. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ingozi yokugoma ngasekupheleni azinakugcinwa, kodwa izifundo zokwelapha kulo mkhakha azanele ukuqokwa izidakamizwa esemncane amadala. Ngakho-ke, ngokuqinile izinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili, le nqubo kumele sigcwaliswe.

ukusabela ezingezinhle

Njenganoma iyiphi imithi, "RotaTeq" - wokugoma eziye zasetshenziselwa ukulwa Rotavirus, kungabangela ukusabela ezingezinhle. Uhlu olulandelayo uyakucabangela imvamisa nesenzakalo:

• I okuphazamisayo kakhulu futhi engathandeki uphawu, okuyinto kungenzeka uma usebenzisa lokhu izidakamizwa ileus. Ngenhlanhla, lesi simo kwenzeka kakhulu kuyaqabukela.
• Ngokulinganayo mkhuba okukhethekile kungenzeka ukuqubuka.
• Kancane kaningi, kodwa namanje kakhulu kuyaqabukela bronchospasm, noma ukuvuvukala maphakathi nendlebe.

• Njalo, kodwa eqoshiwe amacala nasopharyngitis nangezinkolelo-ze ezihlukahlukene kuqhuma ukukhanya.
• Nge awokuthi emva yokugoma komzimba kungenzeka, uhudo, akuvamile - ukuhlanza.

Kufanele bazi ukuthi ukungakhululeki okuncane akuyona yisithiyo ngokugoma.

Izimo

Nokho, lokhu izidakamizwa has Izimo ngokuphelele, khona lapho akuvunyelwe nhlobo lezokuphatha temlomo:

• intussusception (isimiso) amathumbu Kuye kwaphawulwa ngaphambilini emlandweni ubekezele;
• immunodeficiency virus noma izinsolo ngalesi simo;
• kombungu kwesisu;
• izimo acute ephelezelwa komzimba, ukuhlanza, ukukhishwa isisu;
• ukuphendula iguliswa eyodwa ingxenye umgomo noma izingxenye zalo ukungabekezelelani.

Ukuze Izimo isihlobo zihlanganisa kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• neoplasms abulalayo;
• yezifo pheshana emathunjini esigabeni acute;
• ahlukahlukene ukubambezeleka entuthuko;
• igazi yamuva.

Ezimweni ezinjalo, umgomo kufanele kusetshenziswe ngokuqapha okukhulu. Wena ubuye abakwazi ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ngaphambi ingane ezi-6.

ubufakazi uchwepheshe

Ochwepheshe uqaphele kahle eliphezulu zomuthi "RotaTeq" (umgomo). Ukubuyekezwa (Komarovsky, ngasendleleni, impela umbono eliphezulu wakhe) bathi, ngokuvumelana kugcinwa paediatricians, kusho kwehlisa izigameko izingane agome yezinkathi ezithile iphakama kubhubhane. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, odokotela bathi esilinganisweni, uma kungekhona ukuvikela ngokuphelele ejenti viral, cishe kuyonciphisa ingozi yezinkinga lesi sifo. Yini enye engingabuye emangalisayo, ngokuvumelana Ochwepheshe, umgomo 'RotaTeq? " Komarovskiy evgeniy Olegovich - wezingane ezaziwayo, iseluleko esinengqondo yethembekile abazali abaningi - uyakholelwa ukuthi izidakamizwa uyakwazi ukuvikela u-80% amacala Rotavirus ukutheleleka nge 100% iqiniso Uyoqeda yezinkinga ezinkulu zempilo. Ngokuvamile, kuba omuhle ngalokhu umgomo uncoma ukusebenzisa kwayo, yebo, uma kungekho contraindications.

Izibuyekezo abazali

Yini abazali ukucabanga luhlobo ezinjalo, umgomo 'RotaTeq? " Izimpendulo ngakho kuzo wathola ikakhulukazi omuhle. Nokho, abanye bayangabaza ukuthi ukwenza omunye lokugoma, okuyinto vele impela eningi, kodwa ngemva ukukhuluma nodokotela bezingane nabazali asebethole bazuza wokugoma - lokushintsha umqondo.

Labo nabasuka eholidini phesheya futhi wajabula ukuvikela izingane zabo ekungenweni yizifo. Phela, indlela kanye engavamile izimo ingane encane abasengozini isifo. Kukhona izimpendulo lapho umama bayabubula wokukhululeka ukuthi isikhathi ukuba bagome ingane phambi uvele ugule ngokwabo. Ukuzizwa isisindo izimpawu zesifo (Nokho amadala ngokudluliswa lula kakhulu), abazali ngokujabula ukubika ukuthi izingane zigonywe wagula, ngisho elinegciwane imvelo yasekhaya. Ngakho-ke, umgomo 'RotaTeq "wathola wokubuyekezwa okuvumelekile.

Yiqiniso, zikhona abasebenzisi abebengeneme ngubani unganelisekile izindleko zomuthi (ngempela, ngempela high), njengoba akuzona zonke unekhono ukukhokhela umthamo owodwa we umgomo 3.200 ruble (amanani iyashiyana esifundeni). Ezinye akhononde ngokuntuleka yalesi sikhundla emzini wabo. Kodwa mayelana ukusebenza isidakamizwa esibizwa wokugoma "RotaTeq" asikhali ngalutho. Kunalokho, iningi abazali batusa ukusetshenziswa.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukhona analogs?

Labo abafisa ukwenza ingane yakho njengokhozi inoculation, kodwa okwamanje akanalo ikhono zezimali, kutuswa ukuba esikhundleni ithuluzi okuthiwa wokugoma "RotaTeq." Analogue of ambalwa wakhe, noma kunalokho, linikezwa ikhophi eyodwa. Izidakamizwa "Rotarix" (izindleko ruble angu-700) has izakhiwo efanayo. Alternative okwamanje.

Ngu wesenzo emzimbeni kanye kumiswa kuba ngokuphelele efana izindlela umgomo 'RotaTeq' mzimba. Uveza ukuthi kusho United Kingdom, ngokukhethekile, inkampani "GlaxoSmithKline". Lokhu ukulungiselela ehlukile kancane ukubunjwa (adjuvants ezahlukene), kodwa ngenye indlela kuba cishe okufanayo - ezifanayo side effects kanye Izimo, indlela isicelo, kanye nesikhathi (kusuka amasonto 6). Goma izinsana kungaba sikhatsi lesingaba tinyanga letisitfupha, kodwa uhlelo yokuphathwa kuhilela ukusetshenziswa ngemithamo ezimbili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ingane ngobuningi srygnul ngokushesha ngemva nokuphathwa umgomo, kubalulekile ukuba ufake kabusha umthamo phakathi ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo (usebenzisa ukulungiselela "Rotateq" ayifakiwe). Leli bhukwana uthi ngemva kweminyaka engu-ukusetshenziswa ngonyaka owodwa komjovo akunamthelela, ngoba ingozi sifo kancane kancane kunciphisa njengoba kumiswa microflora emathunjini.

Yenza isinqumo esiwujuqu mayelana nokusetshenziswa yokugoma may abazali kuphela. Ngakho-ke, kumelwe babe abaphile ujwayelene lonke ulwazi kungenzeka ngokuphathelene umgomo waxwayisa mayelana nokuhlukumeza okunamandla okuba nemiphumela engemihle.