Ingalo amathambo: amagama nemisebenzi. Kuthiwani uma ngiyaqaqanjelwa ingalo ithambo

umsebenzi wezandla zomuntu are njengoba donsile njengoba imilenze, kodwa enze ezihlukahlukene manipulations, ezisiza kulolu cwaningo kanye nolwazi zomhlaba ezizungezile.

amathambo izandla

Bangabaholi beshesha kakhulu emzimbeni womuntu. Lokhu lula kwebhande ehlombe futhi umunwe dexterity. Ngakho, cabanga ngemininingwane ithambo ingalo skeleton.

Humerus. Phezulu ke umumo eyindilinga, okuhambelana umgodi encane ikhaba. Ngenxa ikhefu kancane futhi khulula yokuxhuma izintambo izandla imilenze ngaphezulu mobile kuka kwezinyawo zakhe. Ehlombe ingalo ithambo etholakala ingxenye layo elingenhla.

Ingxenye engezansi esitho elingenhla siqukethe amathambo amabili: engaba futhi ulna. Lesi sakamuva ngumuntu ngokuhlanganyela lomnyango ixhunywe ingalo eliphezulu, futhi owokuqala - unekhono uphendukisa emhlabeni wesibili. Lokhu kungenxa ukugoba izingalo kanye aphansi amandla ayo.

Ingaphezulu ithambo has izici zayo siqu. Lokhu kubonakala ngokucacile kule humerus, kwakheka ngaphakathi imisipha convexity lapho ngosizo ikhanda is. Lapho ingalo izimisele endololwaneni livela ezintathu tubercle. indawo yayo, babophekile ukuqeda we humerus futhi ulna phezulu, ikhanda oyindilinga ebonakala ngokucacile esihlakaleni.

Ray ithambo izandla. isakhiwo

Basuke ise ibhodi lemisindo endowed ukwehlukana amabili: distal futhi proximal. ingalo osabalalayo ithambo Ukuqina sekuyenzeka athuthukile sibonga amaphuzu okuyinto yena, kuphakama ngokuhamba ukuthuthukiswa zomzimba womuntu. Lokhu kwenzeka ngosuku lwesibili, kwesihlanu, kwesithandathu, yesishiyagalombili, nanye, yaba yiminyaka emakhulu asithoba noma eziyishumi zokuphila.

Njengoba zikhula izinsalela emzimbeni womuntu kuba ezinkudlwana. Ukuze ubone ukuthi lokhu ndawo ngendlela evamile noma has angahlangani, kuba nzima. Lapho eneminyaka engu-unyaka engamashumi amabili ubudala kuza synostosis. Uma ngasizathu simbe nengaphakathi ithambo ayixhunyiwe ingxenye ithambo endololwaneni, kukhona awokuthi nesenzakalo ithambo engazinzile.

Isakhiwo isandla

skeleton yayo yakhiwa esihlakaleni, metacarpals neminwe.

• Lasesihlakaleni amelwe umzimba womuntu 8 iDemo amathambo sithambile ahlelwe imigqa emibili: i engenhla (proximal) kanye ephansi (distal). Ngakho, umyalo wokuqala yilezi: pisiform, ntathu, semilunar namathambo navicular. Okwesibili: hamate, capitate, trapezoid futhi zikanhlangothiningi. Ingaphezulu ingalo ngamunye ithambo isayithi articular. Ukusebenzisa kwabo kwenzeka ukuhambisana nemikhakha amathambo eduze.

• 5 imibukiso metacarpus iDemo amathambo ijabulise, ngalinye elikwazi Unomzimba kumila ukuma esingunxantathu nge semikhawulweni ewugqinsi kanye ikhanda. Ngenxa yalesi sakhiwo, lo metacarpals, lapho kuhlangene nomunye, ube ngodonga interosseous, futhi entendeni kukhona convex, kanye ngemuva esandleni sakhe - ngilugweda.
• Le ndoda has iminwe emihlanu: isithupha, Inkomba, maphakathi, indandatho kanye umunwe kancane. Phalanges kukhona amathambo ngesimo amashubhu iDemo. umunwe ngamunye ngaphandle lokuqala, has phalanges ezintathu: proximal, maphakathi kanye distal. Esikhathini isithupha ezimbili kuphela: isikhathi eside - kanye proximal emfushane - distal. Ngamunye endowed base phalange umzimba kanye nenhloko. Amathambo esandleni ebekelwa izimbobo izakhi lapho izitsha edingekayo ukuze amathambo nezinzwa fibre izinto.

Kungani kukhona ubuhlungu ezandleni?

Ngokuvamile obukhulu ingalo amathambo e waphuka, Ukwenyela nemisipha zidabukile. Futhi umonakalo mechanical kubangela ubuhlungu kungaba:

• imisipha Overstrain ngenxa kokuvivinya umzimba ngokweqile.
• isikhundla ungakhululekile noma okuphindayo isandla ukunyakaza, okwenza abantu ibhulashi isikhathi eside.

Uma lezi zici ubuhlungu ezandleni, udinga ukwehlisa umthwalo kubo noma isikhathi esithile ukunganyakazi kubo. Kodwa akumelwe sikhohlwe ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi ubuhlungu obunjalo ziwuphawu izifo amathambo, imisipha noma impumuzo. Ngakho-ke, uma ungazange ihlolwe, kufanele kudokotela.

Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho uphumule, ungahambi ngaphandle imithwalo ubuhlungu emalungeni izandla. Kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi lokhu ukuvuvukala, noma, okubi kakhulu, Arthritis. Lapha, uchwepheshe usizo awukwazi ubuhlungu.

Isikhathi esining impela, abantu bayalimala kwansuku zonke. share sengonyama sokuhlaselwa ewela izandla. Umuntu akakwazi Ngokushesha uyaqaphela ukuthi wayenobuhlobo ukwa, futhi ubuhlungu obukhulu ebalekela kube ukulimala. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba, kwezinye izimo, ithambo waphuka izimpawu esihlakaleni kuyofikwa ngokucacile.

Ngezinye izikhathi ubuhlungu inganikelwa ezingalweni nasemilenzeni engenhla. Uma mathambo ayindlu obukhulu sobunxele, kuthathwa wahlaselwa isifo senhliziyo noma isilethikusebenza, okuyinto kuhambisana:

• Ubuhlungu ngemuva breastbone.
• Ukuphelelwa ngumoya.
• Pallor, isicanucanu.
• Ukufika kombuso izithukuthuku ebandayo.
• ukukhathazeka simbe.

Kulokhu, kufanele ushayele i-ambulense ngokushesha.

esandleni. ukwa Zixoshwe

Izimpawu ukwa ezinjalo amathambo esihlakaleni kuyinto ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala. ukusazi ngokunembile isifo esikuphethe kungenziwa kunqunywa-X-ray. Nokho, ingalo imigqa ephezulu nephansi nge ukufuduka kule ndawo evamile. Izibikezelo for sokuphulukiswa ukwa ezingezinhle njengoba imikhumbi intraosseous ezilimele okuyizinto umthombo wamandla. Kulokhu, kungase yakha ilunga amanga, futhi kungenzeka ukuthuthukisa izifo ezifana ithambo necrosis. Ivame isuswe surgically.

Ngokuvamile abantu baphuka izinqulu eziletha ehlushwa metacarpals kubangelwa ukuqondisa ubudlova ezandleni zabantu bezwe. Umonakalo onjalo libhekene ukuvuvukala, ushintsho ngendlela amathambo, ubuhlungu, ukwephulwa motor amakhono. isandla Metacarpal uma ophukayo nge ukufuduka ekuqaleni ukunciphisa isandla. Khona-ke imilenze isetshenziswa ngemuva ibhodi lemisindo futhi isandla kusukela endololwaneni kuya phalanges e nezihlanganiso zazo. Palm elungisa isikhundla arcuate ezenziwe ngocingo lokubiyela ibhasi.

Phalanges abalimala ngokuvamile ekhaya noma emsebenzini. ngokuvamile waphuka zivuliwe. Uma offset, uphethwe akunzima. Ukwelashwa iqala debridement. Khona-ke ukunciphisa ithambo endaweni layo walibheca ibhasi, kamuva amasonto amathathu kungaba zisuswe. ikhono Okugcwele ukusebenza kungenzeka inyanga - isigamu.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izandla zakho eziye zabhekana imigqa ephezulu nephansi, kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala yokulimala kuyadingeka ukuze afeze yokuzijwayeza zokulungisa. Ngesikhathi sigaba lokunakekela eyalandela ukusiza kahle Physiotherapy, massage.

Ububanzi. ukwa

Lolu hlobo ukulimala kuhilela ukwephulwa ephelele noma olungaphelele amathambo aqatha. Lapho izandla bavezwa emisebeni ithambo waphuka, isizathu kufanele itholwe e imithwalo ngokweqile ukuthi nozwelo ukucindezeleka mechanical phezu komhlaba. Ekuqaleni kwawo-we-offset isifika ngqo umthelela force on ithambo osabalalayo. Lokhu kujwayele ukwenzeka uma ehlela phezu ngesandla eseluliweyo, lapho izinsalela sishukumiseleka kuye yokuhlala yayo esimweni esithile ngesikhathi ekwindla.

zosizo lokuqala

Esimweni iyiphi ukwa ehlombe kumele abathintekayo ukwethula kubulawe izinzwa. Ngenxa yalesi ilingane ngephesenti elilodwa isixazululo "promedolom" ngemililitha eyodwa kuphela. Lokhu kulandelwa imbande, nje kwesokudla.

Isisulu kumelwe athathe isandla ohlangothini futhi izimisele endololwaneni i-engela degrees ayisishiyagalolunye. Okulandelayo ufake wad ukotini noma ngebhandeshi ehlozini ne iminwe akufanele sisalokhu. Endaweni ye ikhwapha ukubeka roller Indwangu. Ukuhlanganisa ngebhandeshi yayo idlule ehlombe enempilo. In the ukungabikho izindlela ezikhethekile, kungenzeka ukusizakala izinto ngakwesokunene, ezifana kwamapulangwe. ukuthutha kuphela isisulu endaweni awulutho kuNkulunkulu.

Uma ukulimala ungaphakathi imvelo of ukwa evulekile, ke uzobe ephelezelwa ukopha. Ukumisa kumele onikezwe endaweni ezilimele of ngebhandeshi ingcindezi ibhandishi. Uma igazi akuvimbi, ke isicelo a tourniquet.

Izimbangela ubuhlungu emathanjeni

Abantu abaningi ubuhlungu amathambo izandla noma izinyawo sezulu esibi, ngemva ukuzivocavoca noma nje ngaphandle kwesizathu. Kungani uzama ukuqonda.

• Isikhathi esining impela ubuhlungu ithambo izandla nezinyawo kwasebekhulile. Iqiniso lokuthi indoda endala ukuza izinguquko senile esiwohlozayo e amathambo namalunga. Njengoba bekhula, amathambo abe izacile, baqale ukudikibala collagen, i-calcium nezinye amaminerali amaningi. Ngenxa zonke lezi zinguquko ziba buthaka futhi ethambile ezingaphezu kuka.
• Abantu ezondlekile Imizimba sizibonele ubuhlungu emathanjeni umlenze. Bona cuphuluza umthwalo ngokweqile. Kulokhu, ungakwazi sibaphathe ngendlela othanda ngayo, kodwa lokhu kungasizi, inqobo nje uma umuntu engakwazi kujwayeleke isisindo sakho.

• Abantu ibhekene umsebenzi ngokomzimba langemihla, uhlushwa ubuhlungu amathambo ezandleni nasezinyaweni. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umzimba kuyaphazamiseka, kanye nezakhi wachitha ithambo kanzima. Izinhlungu ezihambisana, ngokuyinhloko, nge kusilela kwezinye izinto ezidingekayo ukuze umsoco ithambo izicubu.
• Imbangela ubuhlungu amathambo imilenze nezingalo kungaba nokulinyazwa, waphuka, izimila, sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba nezifo ezithathelwanayo, komzimba, wegazi kwabanye.

Ukuvimbela Ukulimala Prevention

Vimbela waphuka kungaba, uma ukugcina imithetho elandelayo:

• Uma kungenzeka, hamba ezindaweni okwanele.
• Lapho ekhetha izicathulo ukuba banake amathe kungcono uma ezibaziweyo namantombazane.
• Ukuze amathambo eqinile ukudla equkethe calcium.
• Phakathi nobusika uthole amathrekhi oshelelayo.
• Letfutfukisa imisipha nezandla skeleton nezinyawo imithwalo ingenzeka.
• Zama unamathele yokuphila asebenzayo futhi unempilo.