I udla must inkabi? Musk inkabi ngokwemvelo

Musk izinkabi bawukuphela emhlabeni abamele yesimanje omkhaya eponymous. It kungokwalabo emndenini bovids izilwane. okhokho Ezikude salezi zidalwa wahlala ngasekupheleni Miocene okuqinisekile, ahlala ezinkangala yesimanje-Asia Ephakathi. Asikhulume ngalesi silwane emangalisayo futhi ufunde kabanzi kuka must inkabi odlayo, lapho ehlala khona, kubonakala sengathi futhi kungani ibizwa ngokuthi must inkabi.

Ngesikhathi umsuka wokuphila ...

Muskox okhokho lasendulo yayikhona ngasekupheleni Miocene. Indawo intandokazi ngaleso sikhathi babe ezintabeni, elise ensimini ka yesimanje-Asia Ephakathi. Yiqiniso, kwezazi akanandaba nalokho feeds inkabi must semvelo ekuthunjweni, kepha ndlela wakwazi ukusakaza kuqhathaniswa ngokushesha ensimini nhlobo kubo.

Zonke lula ecasulayo. Eminyakeni engaba ngu-3.5 izigidi ezingu edlule isimo sezulu eplanethini yethu yaqala ukushintsha: amakhaza weza. Ikakhulukazi kakhulu baba nomuzwa wokuthi kwase ezinkangala. Lokhu kwenza ukuba abantu okhokho yesimanje must inkabi phansi, osuka ezintabeni zaseHimalaya futhi zohlobo usuku eSiberia nasenyakatho Eurasia lonke. Lokhu kuzoxoxwa ngakho kabanzi kamuva.

Lapho-ke illinoian, lezi zidalwa enkulu ukungena eNyakatho Melika, lapho bewela iBering umhlaba ibhuloho. Khona-ke bahlala wonke Greenland. Inkabi must udla namuhla futhi sizodlani ngaleso sikhathi? Kuhle kokusho ukuthi ngesikhathi Pleistocene Late, waqala ukwehla elibukhali isibalo salezi zilwane. Ingabe ucabanga ukuthi leli ngenxa yokuntuleka kokudla? Cha! Lokhu ngqo kubangelwa ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke. Qaphela ukuthi muskoxen kanye reindeer bawukuphela ezincelisayo, abahlala e-Arctic, lapho bakwazi ukusinda ngesikhathi Late Pleistocene.

Ngakho, manje thina kancane kancane kuze kube empilweni yesimanje la ubuhle Horny. Ake sizwe ukuthi yini inkabi must odlayo, ukuthi unjani nalapho uhlala.

Bawenza kanjani ukubheka?

Umbala wawo wonke yaguqulwa ngokugcwele ekuphileni ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima Arctic. Namuhla betholakala khona e-Arctic kuphela izinto eziningi ezincane. Lezi ziqhwaga shaggy embozwe ngokuphelele aminyene futhi eside kakhulu izinwele imvelo indawo. Undercoat, ngakolunye uhlangothi, soft futhi silky. It ngokuphelele ivikela isilwane emakhazeni. Kuyinto ngiyabonga kuye muskoxen, hhayi kwi freezer ebusuku polar ezindaweni ezisenyakatho kule planethi yethu.

Musk izinkabi kukhona izinselo omkhulu futhi oyindilinga, eyenzelwe ukunyakaza lula eqhweni. On the emuva banayo idolo-isiphundu, etholakala kule ndawo ehlombe labona emuva emincane. Shona - ezinkulu futhi side. Okukuwo izimpondo abukhali futhi oyindilinga nge isizinda esikhulu. Ngo kwabesilisa, izimpondo, yebo, olukhudlwana nonamandla kunawo izinsikazi.

Lapho ingabe baqhubeka bephila?

Ubhekene sizibuza ukuthi ukudla must inkabi? Yiba nesineke, maduze ukuthola! Ngakho lezi zilwane izidalwa ngempela omkhulu. ukuphakama yabo ngesikhathi buyabuna zokhahlamba kusuka 1.5 kuya 2 amamitha! Kukuphi lapho ungehlisa khona abahlala zinde ezifana? Njengoba sesibonile, base ekuqaleni owakhiwe Central Asia, kodwa ke waya entshonalanga kuya owayephila naseFrance, nasempumalanga - eSiberia.

Ngo-Eurasia, manje ngeke uwathole, futhi, ngoba kukhona sekukudala yokuqothulwa. bona zabulawa cishe ngokuphelele e Melika: abazingeli Eskimo noboya abahwebi senze lokhu esandleni sami. Esanda kutholakala, izilwane wahlala e-Arctic, izinto eziningi ezinkulu, kodwa manje bavame washiya zimbalwa kakhulu.

Kukuphi lapho bangaphila muskoxen?

Ngo-1936 bona kwalethwa Nanivak siqhingi, futhi ngo-1969 - esiqhingini Nelson, etholakala oLwandle iBering, futhi esiqiwini nemvelo Alaska enyakatho-mpumalanga. Kwakulapho emhlabathini must izinkabi bukhoma namuhla: izilwane mayelana 800 lokunyathela ezweni Alaska, mayelana 3,000 - ahlala enyakatho-mpumalanga Greenland kanye phezu 14.000 - e-East Greenland. Ngaphezu kwalokho, 1500 izilwane bahlala eCanada, futhi abangaba ngu-200 - e Svalbard.

I udla must inkabi?

Ngo-Arctic, njengoba sazi, akukho nzuzo ekhethekile. Kodwa must izinkabi, kanye nazo zonke izinkomo kukhona ezidla uhlaza. Ngesisekelo ukudla kwabo - labo noma ezinye amakhambi, njenge-sedge kanye willow. Ngokuhamba kwemvelo yayo, lezi zidalwa wakwazi ngobuqili ukuzivumelanisa nzima ngisho okuncane aklaba ezweni nezimfunda. Summer ihlala kuphela amasonto ambalwa, ngakho share sengonyama zokuphila kwakhe isidina Cavicorn ukuchitha ukudla izitshalo ezomile ngaphansi iqhwa. Yilokhu feeds inkabi must!

Emathafeni ase-, ungathola utshani, uma kukuhle ukuzama. Yilokho muskoxen bona bephikisa ukumba kweqhwa efuna izimpande neziqu. Futhi ngaphambi kwenkathi kukhwelana asebenzayo (zizalela isazela) yayo ngesikhathi iqhwa-free ukuvakashela zemvelo usawoti ikhotha ozama ukuthola zonke micro-futhi kuyadingeka Macro.

Kungani-ke bambiza must izinkabi na?

Okwamanje ngokuthi "must inkabi" cishe asisebenzi inkabi must, kodwa uma indlela yabo kuphela ukuyibiza. Ukuze lokho Uphiwe isidlaliso? I-mlando zithi ngakho-awakholelwa kubo isihambi French kwekhulu XVIII. Kuyinto ngokuvamile ngaphandle yini isizathu esizwakalayo amangalelwe ukuthi inkabi must siyakwazi ukwaba ukunuka kakhulu izidakamizwa, lolo ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyelwa eyayisetshenziswa kabanzi e kwamakha.

Njengoba sazi, imimoya namakhulu eminyaka XVIII-XIX zazenziwe amafutha ezihlukahlukene ezibalulekile, futhi-ke, we-must. Khona-ke ekhishwe ku nezindlala imfihlo we-must izinyamazane, kodwa kwabonakala sengathi usosayensi kancane. Izazi-mlando ngokuvamile bakholelwa ukuthi ayekudinga imali ngohambo lwakhe, ngakho obala amanga ku ubuso wonke umuntu.