Ezincelisayo Zasolwandle: incazelo emfushane

Kuze kube manje, ezincelisayo abhekwa omunye amakilasi eziphambili kakhulu. Leli qembu libhekene eziningi izici ezibalulekile. Umbiko uqhuba uthi izifundo eyaziwa emhlabeni namuhla kunamalunga angaphezu kuka nanhlanu isigaba. Nakuba-ke Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi lesi sibalo cishe ukephi kakhulu, ngoba ososayensi futhi zifuna kwezinhlobo ezintsha kuze kube manje.

Ezincelisayo Zasolwandle nokusatshalaliswa zabo

Ezincelisayo Zasolwandle abhekwa abameleli ngempela eziyingqayizivele nezilwane ezihlukahlukene. Basuke yasakazwa kulo lonke izwe.

Abamele lesi sigaba ingatholakala cishe zonke izindawo ezinkulu Zomhlaba. Lezi zilwane zilwane ezinhle e, kushisa ehlane sezulu ezindaweni yasezinkangala. Ungabona kubo ezindaweni ezibandayo kanye ese ezishisayo. Ziyakwazi ethandwa ngisho imvelo yasemanzini.

Mhlawumbe ezindaweni kuphela ezingenziwanga ugcwale izilwane ezincelisayo ngaphakathi ensimini ka-Antarctica ngokujulile izilwandle zomhlaba.

Ngokuthakazelisayo, endaweni ukusatshalaliswa monotremes izilwane (isib, platypus) is ngokucacile kungagcini ezindaweni of New Guinea nase-Australia. Marsupial abameleli basakaza eziqhingini Oceania, kanye e-Australia futhi endaweni eMelika. Kuvela elinye iqiniso elithakazelisayo wukuthi kulelivekati Australian lalihlala ezimbalwa kuphela ezincelisayo esinomhlapho ngaphambi kokufika kwabantu bokuqala.

Ezincelisayo Zasolwandle: izici eziyinhloko isigaba

Njengoba sekushiwo, lokhu iqembu izilwane enezinto eziningi azifani, okubonisa izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu lenhlangano:

• ezincelisayo Cishe viviparous.
• Abesifazane suckle ubisi zabo ezincane akhiqizwa nezindlala ethize (endleleni, ngenxa leli qiniso ezincelisayo uthole igama labo).
• Class abameleli abe sezinwele othize, wenza sebaceous futhi izithukuthuku nezindlala.
• Ukuze okuthiwa homeotherms mammalian ejwayelekile, noma ezinegazi elifudumele - izinga lokushisa lomzimba wazo akuxhomekile izimo kanye lokushisa kuma.
• Isici esibaluleke kakhulu kwaleli qembu izilwane kuyinto ubuchopho evuthiwe, ngokukhethekile, engxenyeni yokugcina ke. Nansi isikhungo lapho abameleli avame ukuba ukuziphatha eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.
• Ngo ezincelisayo kwakhiwa auricle, elingaphandle indlebe emseleni, kanye zonke ezintathu we ossicles sokuzwa, ngenhlanhla, kuthiwa Ushintshe mandible.
• Ukuze amalungu esigaba zinezikhathi eziphambili inhliziyo emine chambered futhi kwesokunxele lwaleli yomthambo i-aorta, okunikeza ukwehlukana igazi phezu pooling eyeqile lwemithambo (isibonelo, ezihuquzelayo kanye emithambo yegazi lwemithambo yegazi ixubene enhliziyweni).
• Isici ehlukile angabhekwa kanye nesakhiwo alveolar kwamaphaphu.
• Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona umehluko isakhiwo kwamangqamuzana egazi - amaseli abomvu egazi kwalezi zilwane zingenalo nuclei, isakhi sombala zokuphefumula.
• Ezincelisayo Zasolwandle babe amathambo eziyisikhombisa esifundeni wesibeletho.
• Ukuze amalungu alesi sigaba 'zinezikhathi uhlobo namazinyo (khona amazinyo, canines, molars). Kulokhu nge namazinyo izimpande egxilile ithambo emhlathini.

Umsuka ezincelisayo

Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi amadlozi ezincelisayo yesimanje babe ezihuquzelayo ukuthi uvele Paleozoic. Lezi zilwane wawusanamathele azifane ne eziphila emanzini nasezweni, ngokukhethekile, khona nezindlala isikhumba futhi kungenzeka kabili occipital condyle.

Ikakhulukazi izihlobo eziseduze zezinto eziphilayo yesimanje esincelisayo-like zibhekwa. Abamele le weqembu libhekene khona ezahlukene amazinyo (molars, amazinyo futhi canines). Elingenhla kanye nemihlathi aphansi abazihlanganisile ithambo ekhethekile lapho savela zibe mammalian ossicles sokuzwa. Kodwa abameleli yokuqothulwa esincelisayo-like Elingenhla Triassic.

Kakade esikhathini Jurassic, kwakukhona ukwehlukana zinhlobo bukhoma eziveza kulabo amalungu ukuthi bangibekele amaqanda.

Eqinisweni, bahlanganise ngokucacile imfundiso yokuziphendukela umsuka ezincelisayo akunakwenzeka, ngoba kuze kube yilolu suku, kwezazi nabanye ososayensi benza izenzo ezibonisa ucwaningo kule ndawo.