Oluyimfihlakalo inkanyezi Sirius

Canis Major, futhi ikakhulukazi inkanyezi zako ezisemqoka - Sirius, kwaziwe abantu kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Lokhu akusona isimanga, uma sicabangela ukuthi u-Sirius kuyinto "ukukhanya" kweqiniso kwesibhakabhaka: ukukhanya yayo sobala kuyinto yesibili kuphela Sun, Moon futhi kwamanye amaplanethi ezintathu sonozungezilanga - Mars, Venus futhi Jupiter. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkanyezi Sirius esibhakabhakeni ebonakalayo kusuka cishe kunoma iphuzu iplanethi yethu, okwenza nemilaza owaziwa nezinkanyezi.

Ngokusho idatha kwesayensi, Sirius - kuyinto alpha of umlaza Canis Major. Ukususwa ohlelweni lethu kuba "kuphela" 8.6 light-years, okwenza kube omunye abaseduze nathi. Yini kuthakazelisa, Sirius lenkanyezi double noma kathathu (nakuba khona ingxenye yesithathu ayikahlanganiswa nobufakazi). Ngakho, element yesiteleka - Sirius A (alpha) kanye ingxenye yesibili - a umboniso wezinsiza Sirius B. Okugcwele Ukujikeleza kwenzeka emhlabeni isikhungo ezivamile iminyaka engu-50. Ekuqaleni, Sirius Sekucala elilingana 2 uquqaba solar, kodwa Sirius B kwaba omkhulu, lokulandisa uquqaba solar mayelana 5. Ngemva kwalokho zokugcina zigoqiwe isimo kumuntu umboniso wezinsiza (high density izinto, ububanzi elincane futhi lokushisa).

Star Sirius B latholakala 1862 godu ngokubukisisa engaqondile: ukuhlanekezela ilungiswe ukuhamba ingxenye yesibili (alpha) okubangelwa omkhulu omnyama Luhambo satellite. Izibalo baye bavumela ukuba wakhe bethola yena. Sirius, kukhona izigidi ezingu-200. Iminyaka. Zonke kwemigomo inkanyezi kungatholakala ezincwadini efanele.

Kuyini umlaza ezithakazelisayo ngakho? Sirius kuyakhulunywa Emiphakathini eminingi, ivela ngemva kwamakhulu eminyaka. Ngisho Isi-Dogon lasendulo ukwazi inkanyezi. Ngokwesibonelo, umugqa eyaziwa kahle iBhayibheli ukuthi yavivshimsya amaMagi ozalwa kuJesu, libike ukuthi babangela inkanyezi ekhanya kakhulu empumalanga. Kanti futhi, abantu abaningi abenza zifundiseni wokudlulisela isimangalo sokuthi lesi simiso Alpha Canis owakhiwe, eliyingadi futhi baphile khona izidalwa eziphambili abafuna ukusiza isintu.

Ikakhulukazi Sirius abadumile ozotholwa ngokusebenzisa ucwaningo nje kwemibhoshongo yaseGibhithe waseGibhithe. Ezinye izimayini bagxile ngokuqinile phezu inkanyezi, ngaphezu, kukhona eziningi ezizathwini, owawuthi imibhoshongo ngokwabo babekhokha lakhiwa njengabafokazi. Zithanda noma zingathandi, isikhathi uzokutshela, Nokho, kuyaziwa ukuthi Sirius ayebe nayo indima ebalulekile empilweni eGibhithe lasendulo. Ngakho, ekuqaleni kwesizini ekuseni yokubukeka kwakhe esibhakabhakeni kwaqondana imidlalo loMfula iNayile. Nakuba ngenxa le nkanyezi ezikhulekelwa, lutho engenakwenzeka eqinisweni wayengekho. Ekuqaleni kwehlobo kwaholela ukuncibilika okusheshayo entabeni iqhwa Ethiopia, izimvula eziqinile enkabazwe kanye, ngenxa yalokho, nesanda ezingeni amanzi kazamcolo elivundile. Ngemva yehla angaqala umsebenzi odingekayo wezolimo.

Naphezu "abaseduze" indawo, Sirius ayikaqondwa ezaziwayo. Ngisho ingxenye yakhe enkulu yesibili itholiwe ngokungaqondile, ngenxa ukuphazamiseka kokulinganisela trajectory of Sirius A. Ngakho, okwashiwo mayelana uhlelo kwamaplanethi kodwa angikwazi ukukhuluma. Ngakho-ke, akwaziwa ukuthi kukhona ukuphila ohlelweni. Kuyini eziyinqaba, zonke izazi zefilosofi zasendulo (isib, uPtolemy, uSeneca) ngokuthi Sirius ngenkanyezi ebomvu, nakuba kukhanya yayo bluish. Umbala obomvu zingachazwa ngezinqubo khona ohlelweni giant elibomvu, njengoba umboniso wezinsiza Sirius B waya ngempela ngokusebenzisa kulesi sigaba. Nokho, abanye bakholelwa ukuthi ebomvu elikhulu esiteji kokukhwehlela casings selidlulile kwezigidi ezingu-120. Eminyakeni eminingi edlule, nezazi zefilosofi wahlala ekuqaleni ezitholakala kule nkathi yethu. Indida isobala.

Ngokungangabazeki, u-Alpha Canis Majoris igcwele puzzle eziningi ukuba ixazululwe ukuze kuzuze izizukulwane ezizayo. Esibhakabhakeni, azikho izinto eziningi ukuze ayehlonishwa namasiko lasendulo, kodwa Sirius - bhá (kuzo zonke izinzwa) nommeleli yabo.