Hero zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa Dolina uMariya Ivanovna

Ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe ushiye neenzukulwani ezinengi.Zaba amagama olukhulu pilot Soviet. Omunye wabo - Dolina uMariya Ivanovna. Yena waklonyeliswa isihloko Hero kweSoviet Union futhi waklonyeliswa Order of Lenin futhi Red Banner.

eminyakeni yokuqala

Wazalelwa Dolina uMariya Ivanovna Disemba 18, 1922 Sharovka - edolobhaneni ise Omsk esifundeni. Abazali bakhe, lalingabantu abavamile abalimi eSiberia futhi imvelaphi Ukraine. Ubaba wentombazane uneminyaka babekade belwa kulwiwa futhi kukhona elahlekile imilenze yakhe.

Ngenxa ukukhubazeka umondli, umkhaya wathuthela Zaporizhzhya esifundeni, lapho le ntombazane iziqu ayisishiyagalombili-grade esikoleni samabanga aphakeme. Ingane njalo bakhangwa izindiza. Ngo-1939, ethola iziqu ukuqeqeshwa e Kherson zezindiza esikoleni. Ukuze uthole lapho, uMariya Ivanovna Dolina ukungezwa ubudala babo iminyaka emibili, ukuze kuzo zonke izincwadi ezisemthethweni ngonyaka lokuzalwa kwakhe lugujwe njengoba 1920 th. Okunjalo aqondisa abaningi ontanga yakhe, ikakhulukazi lapho kuqala impi, kanye namahhovisi isosha lempi asikwazanga ukuthatha wonke umuntu ukuba phambili.

I iRed Army

Ngokungafani namanye amaqhawe amaningi empini, kwaba wezempi kuphela ngenxa ekuhlaseleni Wehrmacht, Dolina uMariya Ivanovna lithole zonke amakhono afanele kwimikhakha nenkathi yokuthula. Ngemva kokuphothula esikoleni zezindiza e Kherson, lapho aqala khona ukusebenza njengoba umshayeli ofundisa Osoaviahima. Ngahlala laseDnepropetrovsk futhi Nikolaev.

Lapho, ngo-1941 impi, Dolina uMariya Ivanovna njengendlela lobuchwepheshe ezibalulekile ngokushesha lithathwa iRed Army. owesifazane Okokuqala ekulweni 587th Bomber eshalofini. impi yayo umshini kwaba indiza "Pe-2." Kwakuyisikhathi webhomu yehle, lakhula yaseKazan zezindiza isitshalo.

On the Patriotic Omkhulu

sortie yakhe aviator kokuqala kwenziwa eduze kwaseStalingrad, lapho isiphetho impi ngezindlela eziningi. Ngemva kwalokho Maria Valley njalo esisuka phambili kuya phambili. Wenzile kwempi esibhakabhakeni Kuban, Northern eCaucasus and eKursk. Ngesikhathi ngxenye yokugcina aviator impi kokuba yingxenye ukukhululwa kuka-isi-Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic futhi aseBaltic.

Njengoba izintambo ziyobe ziphethwe uyakwazi "Pe-2" waba isikhali ebulalayo iqondiswe umelane nabaphikisana German. A uMariya Ivanovna Dolina, Ngokuqinisekile lokho kwaba professional weqiniso, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungakanani bakhe abasha kakhulu. Cishe zonke sortie yakhe yaphela nge ukulahleka emngceleni wekamu lesitha. I "Pe-2" UMariya Valley kwakungekho Itilosi kancane brilliant - Galina Dzhunkovsky.

I 125-m eshalofini zezindiza

Ngo-1943, uMariya Dolina uye wathola isikhundla esisha. Waba iPhini induna 125 Guards Bomber Regiment zesifazane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kuba ukwakheka wezempi wathola igama lomunye umshayeli Soviet abadumile - Mariny Raskovoy, owafa eduze Saratov flight ngezihluthu.

Abashayeli we ibutho, eyasebenza njengodonga lo nguMariya Dolina, wabhubhisa imishini, nezisebenzi kanye izivikelo isitha loMfula eVolga River, lapho ngo-1943 kwaba nenkinga njengoba sihlanganisa lonke izwe ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe. "Pe-2" enikeziwe ukufohla amathangi Soviet ngesikhathi Battle odumile eKursk.

Fight phezu YaseCrimea

Cishe wonke umshayeli ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe kwaba impi eyayingaqondene usuzoba yakamuva. Kwadingeka enjalo umcimbi kanye Dolina uMariya Ivanovna. Pilot wanikezwa umsebenzi ukubhubhisa Okuqondiwe eziningana eduze nedolobhana Kuban Cossack ngokuthi eCrimea. Esikhathini isibhakabhaka phezu kwale ndawo Juni 2, 1943 "Pawn" yayo ithole ukulimala abalulekile - isiqeshana igobolondo anti-aircraft hit omunye izinjini.

UMariya Dolina wahola isigaba kwesokunxele isixhumanisi. Ngesikhathi lapho lo mgomo isiseduze, injini yemoto bagijima anolaka. Le ndiza waqala bayaduka. Amatilosi Valley ngemuva isigaba esiyinhloko, ngaphakathi, waziyisa ekufezeni isabelo sakhe. Kodwa ngisho kulo mshini isimo crew laliqhubeka nokulwa. Ground Okuqondiwe kwaqhunyiswa ngamabhomu, futhi umgomo esabekwa umyalo, isahlulelo. Endleleni, "Pe-2" waba ngaphansi umlilo eziningana fighters entsha German.

Empini of the umdubuli kambayimbayi ukuba "Pe-2" uphelelwa Ammo. Valley kulezizimo isinqumo ukuze wehlise. Kulesi sikhundla, kube imtholile omunye "Messers". Indiza besondela, ukuze umshayeli wabona ebusweni besitha German. Through the windscreen wababonisa Valley, owokuqala bese ngeminwe emibili. Owesifazane akazange aqonde ukubaluleka isenzo. Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho Ngamchazela ukuthi ngomusa umshayeli German ebuzwa bangaki ubiza ukuceka imoto yakhe. Kodwa akwenzekanga lutho. Ngo amatilosi ebabayo skirmish Valley akhishwe isitha "Me-109" futhi FW-190.

Nokho, eSoviet "Pe" owokhele lowo mlilo. Valley yena akaxhoshwa umlilo nje ngoba Galina Dzhunkovsky isikhathi gqoka izibuko zakhe (izandla pilot babematasa sonke isikhathi). Mary lawela ngokuyisimangaliso indiza amakhilomitha amabili nje kusukela front. Njengoba nje amatilosi esegijima kwesokunxele emotweni, laqhuma.

Ngo Belarus

Ubude uMariya Ivanovna Dolina empini olwenziwa 72 nokuhlasela. Lapho ibutho laseSoviet yakhululwa Belarus, aviatrix sibala imisebenzi embalwa elikhanyayo nephumelela emoyeni. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-July 26, 1944-ke azichithile isigaba ujantshi osendaweni ezibalulekile eduze Orsha, lapho amaJalimane esetshenziswa ukuthutha imithombo.

izitimela Many nezinhlamvu nezinye izinto important ngamabhomu uMariya Ivanovna Dolina. Photo a young fighter umshayeli ihlaselwe emaphephandabeni zaseSoviet ezingemuva futhi ngaphambili. Ukusuka Its boldest ezaboniswa ezweni lonke njengesibonelo isibindi kanye nobuchwepheshe.

Phakathi nempi phezu Belarus Borisov Valley izakhamizi nezisebenzi wajikijela pennant ngohlamvu. Le ncwadi wanxusa umshayeli nabo ngokushesha ukubuyisela umuzi ababehlala kuwo. Lapho, emva kweminyaka engu-15, izakhamuzi Borisov imakwe esenzeka ngalo ikhishwe, izintatheli wendawo zikhunjulwe mayelana pennant kabusha. Babefanele omningi ukuthola Mary Valley, ngaleso sikhathi gade ahlala emazweni aseBaltic. Abasebenzi baleli phephandaba Belarusian baxoxa eziningana nge aviatrix abadumile. Kamuva lezi izingxoxo eziqoshiwe kwakheka isisekelo Tindzaba oluchaza mayelana Marii Dolinoy.

ngemva kwempi,

Ngemva kweJalimane Ngo-August 1945, isiGodi lithole isihloko kumfanele ka Hero zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa. Owesifazane banquma ukuhlala e-Air Force. Ngaphambi kuka-1950, eseneminyaka engu-iPhini induna yamaSoviet webhomu emoyeni regiments. Eminyakeni 28 washiya in isitokwe.

Esikhathini okwalandela umsebenzi isikhathi LamaKhomanisi kwaba indlela eyodwa, amkhethile Dolina uMariya Ivanovna. Hero of Soviet Union ababehlala emzini wase-Lithuanian ka Siauliai, lapho ethola iziqu Party School. Esikhathini aviatrix wangaphambili 60 wasebenza izikhungo Latvian we CPSU futhi wahlala eRiga. Wakhethwa wendawo Central Committee LamaKhomanisi.

Kusukela ngo-1983, uMariya Dolina wahlala eKiev. Ngemva kokuwa kweSoviet Union lithole yisakhamuzi Ukraine. Washona ngo Kiev Mashi 3, 2010 eneminyaka engu-iminyaka engu-87. Endaweni yokungcwaba abashayeli bodumo baba wendawo flannelette emathuneni.