Arbitration enkantolo ukulamula umbango - kuyini?

Kumila zezomthetho Russian Federation, nakuba neze, kodwa njalo ngcono. Futhi lokhu kunikeza izakhamuzi eminye imibuzo. Ikakhulukazi labo ababona neze umthetho ngokomthetho. Ngokwesibonelo, abantu abaningi banesithakazelo isikhungo enjalo engokomthetho, inkantolo arbitral. Kuyini lokhu? Lokho kuwa ngaphansi kwalokho enekhono lakho? Iziphi izindaba kubhekwa amajaji sebuholi umthetho?

uhlelo lwezobulungiswa

uhlelo Executive kanye wamajaji Russian Federation, kuhlobene eduze. Kodwa akulula ukuqonda kubo. Ngokwesibonelo, abanye kuphela izinkantolo zihlukaniswe ngezigaba eziningana, ngayinye yaba uhlola uma komthetho. Ayikho ngaphandle futhi inkantolo arbitral. Kuyini lokhu? Eyokuqala non-state igunya zokwahlulela.

I arbitral ikundla - inkantolo kwezohwebo, esesikhundleni zamakhono lalo. Ngokwengxenye enkulu ke kuxazululwa izingxabano phakathi izinhlangano noma izinhlobo ezithile nezindaba impahla okuphathelene nawo. Konke lokhu uwela angaphansi kokuqondisa kwawo. Evamile, zingase kuchasiselwe ngokuqondile ekuqhutshweni civil, njengoba kumangala kuxoxwa, alawulwa komthetho we-civil.

Kukhona umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama, ukuzicabangela, njengoba umkhandlu wokwahlulela isabizwa uhlamvu ezingekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni. Lena indlela ekhethekile ukuxazulula ingxabano phakathi kwezakhamizi (abantu wemvelo noma womthetho). umsebenzi Its main - ukuze wenze isinqumo esifanele sokuba zombili izinhlangothi ngesisekelo inkulumo yabo. Njalo litigant inelungelo owafuna okuthile ngesikhathi esifanayo wokulahlekelwa. Ijaji inomsebenzi omkhulu - ukuxazulula umbango ukuze bobabili inkontileka ziye wanelisa futhi isimangalo Awunikwanga emagcekeni Ngokwesibonelo lokuqala ukusihlola.

Lisho ukuthini

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi igunya zokwahlulela enjalo libhekisela indlela ehlukile yokulawulwa kwezimboni kwabaningi yabangela nezimpikiswano. Arbitration enkantolo ukulamula umbango , nakuba angahambisani ekuqhutshweni ukulamula umbango, kodwa kukhona okhonzile kuye. Kusho ukuthini lokhu? Esiphakeme Arbitration Court yanoma yimuphi umuzi ngokuqinile ukugcina amarekhodi izinkantolo non-state, kanye nokulawula imisebenzi yabo. Izinhlu ekhona futhi bhalisiwe ngokuvamile ingatholakala mode ku-intanethi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, la maqembu amabili kuya ingxabano ingakwazi libize enkantolo ukulamula umbango, okuzokwenza ukubhekana inkinga yabo kuphela. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi kunjalo ezocatshangelwa ngesikhathi esifanele futhi kuyodingeka isixazululo egculisayo zonke. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi akekho umuntu agcine irekhodi kunjalo, ngaphandle uma amaqembu ezibekwe kule kusengaphambili. Umhlangano njalo has a uhlamvu avaliwe, okuyinto uqinisekisa ukuphepha kolwazi oluyimfihlo. Kuvela elinye iqiniso elithakazelisayo: umahluleli akazange Unelungelo ukucela ubufakazi, ngaphandle kwalabo asebevele mayelana naleli cala. Iphinde awukwazi abeke inhlawulo ku abahlanganyeli enqubeni ngenxa yokuntuleka icala imininingwane edingekayo.

Ubani esungulwe

I arbitral ikundla - yesiphathimandla zokwahlulela, okuyothi kungenzeka ezakhiwe iyiphi inhlangano. Ngokulandela kwezinye izimo, yebo. Lapho le umsunguli ubophekile ukuba wazise inkantolo arbitral endaweni yayo imisebenzi yayo. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokwakha usuku. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ezinye umehluko abahluleli nezinkantolo zikahulumeni, kanye nalezo ezizimele. Kanye inqubo ukusungulwa. Ngakho, inkantolo kazwelonke engaphansi kwe ingxenye Russian kohlelo zokwahlulela, ezilungisiwe ngokugcwele ngokomthetho. Dala may enkantolo imizimba ogunyaziwe, futhi akekho omunye ngaphezulu. Ngokungafani inkantolo ukulamula umbango, isibonelo. Inqubo yokusungulwa kwalo lula, nakuba has izici zayo siqu.

Ubani ongaba yijaji

Imithetho sabantu abangakwazi ukwenza ibhizinisi, hhayi njengoba eqinile. Izingxabano enkantolo ukulamula umbango okungacutshungulwa yimuphi umuntu evumelana nemithetho. okungukuthi:

1. Abantu abangenalo nerekhodi lobugebengu (njengoba kukhanselwe futhi esivelele).
2. Abantu abanale ngezinga umthetho.
3. Abantu abangenawo yimuphi ubufakazi incriminating e biography.
4. Ayikho neziqu ezikhethekile kudingwa wumthetho.

Ngakho, umahluleli bangaba yisiphi isakhamuzi owathweswa iziqu emthethweni, nge idumela lihle. Ukuthi kungaholela Tribunal arbitral. Kusho ukuthini lokhu? Yini esingenandaba ku secala umuntu unelungelo ukuxazulula ingxabano phakathi kwezinhlangano ku isivumelwano ekhona phakathi kwawo, nayo yoke imithetho njengoba ekuqhutshweni arbitral kanye nomthetho force. Ngokwengxenye enkulu umahluleli kulolu hlobo inkantolo - kuba wesithathu esivumelwaneni. Yena kuqinisekisa ukuthi amaqembu inkontileka aye athola isisombululo efanele futhi egculisayo kubo ngendlela enokuthula.

zenyathi

Zonke izinkantolo ukulamula umbango zihlukaniswe zenyathi ezimbili ezinkulu. Ngamunye wabo has izici zayo siqu futhi ezicashile kokubili ezimweni futhi kusungulwe. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi isinqumo phezu kwawo, futhi ukubulawa ayiphazamiseki. Ukuthi nje ngamunye zilwane zamakhono ayo, baqaphe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zenyathi izikhungo amathonya nalokho izosebenza enkantolo non-state ngaphakathi umkhawulo wesikhathi. Lokhu kunikeza izinzuzo njengoba offloads namajaji uhlobo jikelele.

enkantolo unomphela

Kukhona into okuthiwa unomphela ukulamula umbango enkantolo. Kusho ukuthini? Okokuqala, indikimba yabahluleli non-state wadala ngokuqinile kusukela isaziso somphakathi ukusungulwa kwemikhiqizo enjalo endaweni. Ngokwesibonelo, e-Russia kukhona enkantolo ukulamula umbango ngesikhathi Chamber of Commerce. Lena umzimba unomphela.

Okwesibili, lapho sinquma inkantolo eqondiswa hhayi kuphela izimiso refereeing ukulamula umbango, kodwa futhi isivumelwano phakathi amalungu amaqembu kanye Russian Federation ngokomthetho (ezimweni ezehlukile) Umthetho. Kungani becabanga kanjalo? Ngenxa ngezizathu isinqumo yiso isivumelwano noma isivumelwano. Yena ekuqaleni kungephuli umthetho osebenzayo, kungenjalo kuyoba ezingavumelekile futhi ezephula umthetho.

isikhathi enkantolo

Kukhona into efana Ukucabangela impikiswano ethile. Ngenye indlela, umqondo kuzwakala "ezinkantolo okukhethekile". Futhi lokhu futhi inkantolo arbitral. Kusho ukuthini lokhu? Okokuqala, ukuthi inkantolo uya umzimba non-state kuphela ingxabano ethile, futhi akabange esakhathazeka. Okwesibili, isaziso ukulamula umbango esifundeni ngeke esibophezelayo. Okungukuthi, abasunguli kwesihlalo sokwahlulela arbitral bangahlangana ngokusuka ayo futhi ngendlela yabo siqu, okuyinto zinikezwa imithetho ukulamula umbango. Uma isimangalo uyaneliswa, inkantolo arbitral kuyofinyelela ukuba khona okwesikhashana.

Iziphi izindaba kubhekwa

Igunya zokwahlulela yalolu hlobo zibhekwa sebhizinisi kuqhubeka icala. Ikakhulukazi, izinkampani ezimbili noma izisebenzi zale nkampani kanye umsunguli. Zonke izimo ziphathwa kuphela kohlaka sivumelwano ekhona phakathi ababambe iqhaza. Incwadi yesivumelwano, esingeyena isigatshana ukulamula umbango (sivumelwano) kungashintshwa zombili. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kudingeka wenze izichibiyelo ezidingekayo esigabeni efanele yenkontileka. Kuphoqelekile ukuthi zidinga nesignesha zombili izinhlangothi.

Ubani ongafaka isicelo enkantolo

Isimangalo bangabizwa ngokuthi umuntu wemvelo noma unilaterally zomthetho. Imfuneko ehlangothini lwesibili isaziso isitatimende. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma isigatshana ukulamula umbango kwinkontileka phakathi abadlali akuyona, kungaya kunoma yisiphi isigaba Ukucabangela umbuzo kwesivumelwano mutual. Lena imfuneko. I Arbitration iGceke Russian Federation yenza isinqumo esisekelwe kuphela ukufika amaqembu isivumelwano jikelele ku icala.

sivumelwano Court

Isimiso eziyisisekelo non-state indikimba yabahluleli ezinjalo - isivumelwano amaqembu. Kusho ukuthini lokhu? Ngokwesibonelo, kukhona isivumelwano ethize lapho kukhona umshwana esishoyo ukuthi kungenzeka izingxabano ngaphansi kwesivumelwano kubhekwe enkantolo yezwe. Akukho isigatshana ukulamula umbango. Kodwa zingenziwa kokuba kungokuvumelana. Kulokhu, inkantolo arbitral kungenzeka, ngezinye lezisekelo zazo ukuba bahlole udaba. Libuye Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukubhuka zingenziwa kunoma yisiphi isigaba. Ngisho noma isimangalo kubhekwa enkantolo isimo okokuqala, futhi isinqumo engakaze athathwe. Ukubhuka bungabi ezintathu izinhlobo: non-okunye (ingxabano ngeke ixazululwe kuphela inkantolo arbitral), okunye (noma isigungu arbitral noma enkantolo yomthetho) kanye ethize (into ethize yesivumelwano kubhekwe yinkantolo ukulamula umbango). Qiniseka ukuthi usho igama ethize nekheli amandla wamajaji.

isinqumo

Hhayi njalo isinqumo kungenziwa isikhalo. Ngokwesibonelo, isinqumo sokwahlulela arbitral ayikwazi ukushintshwa yinoma yimuphi yezinkantolo uma amaqembu ezazithe iyoba irreversibility yayo. Ayikho ukulamula umbango noma isikhalazo ikhomishana Awukwazi ukushintsha ukuthi, ngenxa yokuthi uhlala lomthetho engabondli abakubo lokhu. Aphikise isinqumo esathathwa inkantolo ukulamula umbango ingasetshenziswa kuphela uma izidingo zenqubo mean it. Kufanele ukwakhela izinhlinzeko zoMthetho Civil Inqubo Ikhodi WaseRussia. Kwakulapho zonke izici enqunyiwe zomthetho esilawula nezindaba okungqubuzanayo ekuqhubeni ukulamula umbango. Kulokhu, isikhalazo uzakuba nelungelo owafuna uhlangothi olulodwa kunjalo futhi engasekho. Lokhu "ezinkantolo umbango On" lelipelwe emthethweni wezwe. Isikhathi lapho ungazama isinqumo 3 izinyanga ikhalenda kusukela ngosuku lokwamukelwa yayo kanye ngezandla. Uma amaqembu senziwa unomphela kanye kuphela ilungelo ukwahlulela kwabo, akekho kubo unelungelo ukuyiguqula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenza imiklomelo arbitral kumele kuqale ngokushesha ngemuva kokuphela kwenqubo. Ukulungiswa kufanele kwenziwe esikhathini ngokuqinile esithile esinqunyiwe, ngaphandle kokulibala. Isinqumo oyakungena force ngaphandle kokulibala. Kodwa ukukhishwa yokuzithandela, abaphoqwa.

ukubulawa

I ukulamula umbango inkantolo arbitral bayoba nelungelo lokwenza isimangalo ummangalelwa ukufeza izibopho. It alinikezi enekhono. Kodwa kunikezelwe umsebenzi ezahlukene - ukuze wenze isinqumo. ukusebenza kwakhe, nakuba yokuzithandela, kungenzeka yafuna yinkantolo yomthetho nsuku ayimpoqo. Ubophekile ukuba nokuphoqelelwa Onogada Service Russian Federation endaweni lokunamathelisa imiBhalo.

Kucelwa kanjani

Ukuze isixazululo ukuthi zilethwe Tribunal arbitral, wenziwa isikhathi, ummangali angasebenza ngoba imiBhalo ngokubulawa. Lokhu kwenziwa enkantolo wesifunda endaweni yokuhlala noma indawo ummangalelwa noma impahla obekukhona ingxabano. I imiBhalo ugcwele, bese idluliselwe kumuntu onesifo ukwenza. Ikhophi ithunyelwa bailiffs, ngubani ingaphansi kwesibopho sokulalela ekukhishweni izinqumo zenkantolo ngesikhathi esifanele. Uma isiphukuphuku akazange ukufeza izibopho zayo, wabeka umthetho izinhlawulo zokuqondisa kuye.