Izinhlawulo - kuba ... Federal Penitentiary Izikhungo. Injongo isijeziso. simiso izinhlawulo

Esikhathini sethu, inkokhelo saphela ukudlala indima yokuba ngesisekelo sobulungisa, kunjengokungathi, isibonelo, ngeNkathi Ephakathi. Yingaleso sikhathi-ke wanquma ukuba sinikele izono, ayonquma izandla, futhi enze nezinye izenzo ukugcaba egameni yokuziphindiselela. Namuhla, ethandwa kakhudlwana umbono lokugada zokuvimbela, ukuvuselelwa ukungenelela. Nakuba, yebo, kungaba yiphutha ukucabanga ukuthi ukukhuluma nje mayelana umsebenzi wokufundisa umthetho lobugebengu. Ngiyavuma, abanye zingadedeli nababulali uqondiswa phambi watholwa enecala lokubulala. Kulokhu, njengoba abanye criminologists nesandla esivulekile, asikho isizathu ukuze ubafake ngivalelwe ngenxa ukuphila kwakhe konke. Nokho, ngaphambi nje Themis ezimweni eziningi ikhetha isijeziso. Nokho, umusho okunemibandela isetshenziswa kwezinye usluchayah.

Ubugebengu Ziyisijeziso

Uma sikhuluma Isijeziso emthethweni lobugebengu, ingqondo ngokuvamile iza ejele. Nokho, kuyinto ukwamukelwa engasindi kakhulu. Ngakho, ngaphansi ubugebengu siqondwa emthethweni yesimanje lobugebengu, isenzo esiyingozi emphakathini, kusho ikhomishana zazo akuhileli nemiphumela ethile wezomthetho isimo njengoba isikhungo emphakathini ukuphila komnikazi. Ngomqondo jikelele kakhulu isenzo lobugebengu kuyindlela ezithile ihlongandlebe (asocial) ukuziphatha. Isici esiyinhloko siyoba nesikhali sokuhlasela isimo icala ebusweni, okungukuthi nokuqaphela emthethweni, noma kungenzeka ukuqaphela ezinjalo.

umthetho lobugebengu Modern isijeziso ngokuvamile kubhekwa ezicini eziningana. isibopho sezomthetho Administrative inikeza for lungene ukuboshwa iDemo. Kodwa ngo-Criminal Code ukuze ajezise isahluko ehlukene. Futhi ngephutha, kusukela izibalo izibalo ezomile amanga isiphetho womuntu eziphukile.

Isijeziso - kuba ...

Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, abantu baye baqaphela ukuthi isenzo kufanele luveze imiphumela ebuhlungu icala. lo mqondo lokujezisa lwalubhekwa wethule eminyaka ambalwa adlule. Nokho, kwaqala ekuqaleni kumiswa isimo njengoba isikhungo sibhekwe ukugcwalisa oda nemithetho. Okokuqala, isijeziso - uhlobo ngesilinganiso isetshenziswa umuntu enecala ikhomishana izenzo ezithile. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ngaphambili kwaba isenzo ukuziphindiselela, manje ngokuya ababusebenzisayo ngezinjongo zokufundisa. Ukuvuselelwa izinyathelo kulokhu kusho hhayi kuphela kunomthelela oqonde ngqo lowo omonile, kodwa futhi ukubonisa abanye ukuthi ikhomishana izenzo ezithile kufanele ngempela kulandele impendulo eyanele kusukela wombuso.

Futhi, abanye ososayensi abakubheka nokuziphendulela izinyathelo njengesisekelo kumiswa imodeli kahle ichazwe yokuziphatha njengoba umuntu othize kanye nomphakathi wonkana. Ngakho-ke, lapho kuzohanjiswa khona isijeziso kuhilela ikhomishana izenzo zobugebengu. Lena ngesisekelo zonke isayensi yomthetho lobugebengu.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngo-isayensi yesimanje ukuhlukanisa isijeziso emihle nemibi. Uhlobo lokuqala umthelela ekutheni umuntu ngamunye. Ngokwesibonelo, umuntu uzibophezele ukubamba inkunzi, waboshwa isikhathi esithile. Isibonelo isijeziso ezimbi iwukuba ukuqeda ezinye izinto. Ngokwesibonelo, ingane Naughty bancishwa amnandi.

Noma kunjalo, isicelo isijeziso - kuseseyingcenye nesilinganiso esifanele. Ngokomthetho lobugebengu, avele bobugebengu obukhulu kakhulu, okuyiwona nje kudingeka sokushushisa.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kule mboni isijeziso, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukuze lelisu unswinyo lobugebengu. Kulokhu, sibiza ukuzuzwa omunye izinjongo ebaluleke kakhulu umthetho lobugebengu, okungukuthi ukuphepha ezimpilweni zabantu emphakathini. Nokho, lokhu ingenye imisebenzi ngokushesha kohlelo kuphela.

Izikhungo Penitentiary

Kuyinto ejensi kahulumeni ezizimele, ebhekisela esiphezulu. Ubizwa subordinated ukuba Ministry of Justice. It ngempela kuyinto isakhiwo ezimele. Central Office isevisi Federal lokujeziswa amahhovisi eziyishumi nesishiyagalombili ezazishiwo asebenzise igunya lawo kubo bonke ezindaweni esiyinhloko senkonzo.

Ministry of Justice lucwaningo iqoqo komthetho imisebenzi, futhi ukhiqiza ukulawula kanye nokuqondisa emkhakheni ngokubulawa enecala izinhlawulo lobugebengu nokunye. Ukuthi lokhu umzimba federal obhekene ngokubeka nalokho okukholelwayo ku umkhuba, idaliwe kubulawa necala lobugebengu.

isigwebo umgomo

Namuhla isibopho sezomthetho izinyathelo esabekwa amajaji yonke indawo. Akufanele sicabange ukuthi injongo isijeziso - kungcono isijeziso kuphela enza yingozi emphakathini. Noma kunjalo, bekuyoba lula kakhulu futhi kuqondile kakhulu. Eqinisweni, sonke isimiso isijeziso okusekelwe ezimisweni ezithile, phakathi lapho ayikho indawo elula retribution. Konke eliyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Injongo yomthetho lobugebengu, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kuyinto ukubulawa ezanele kwemusho.

Ukukhuluma isijeziso noma retribution ukuthi emakhulwini eminyaka ambalwa adlule, kwaba ngendlela engokoqobo luthole ukuthi kunzima kakhulu umqondo lasekuqaleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akazange akhokhe Uqinisa umphakathi, akuphazamisi ukuthuthukiswa yayo evamile, khona-ke aluphumeleli angaqeda ubugebengu ngokuvamile futhi ongenalo abantu lesifanele abaye benza isenzo ekhubazekile ekuphileni kwakhe. kuyinto nje konke ncamashi okuphambene: uhlelo ingajezisa eminye imimoya umhlaseli embitters kuye, indoda zidilika zonke izibopho umphakathi ithemba lonke lokuthi ezinye uhlobo nokuvuselelwa noma impilo entsha kulahleka. Ngiyavuma, lena efile ekupheleni komgwaqo okuholela ukwakheka namaqembu amakhulu lobugebengu, ukwahlukana kwabantu kanye ukwandisa isibalo izenzo ezingekho emthethweni jikelele. Talion isimiso, okuyinto eqala nokubuyisela ngaleli cala, ngokokuziphatha akusebenzi futhi kufanele kususwe ngokuphelele. Noma kunjalo, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi sekuyisikhathi eside umthetho lobugebengu kulesi sikhundla, ezinye izakhi basekhona.

Namanje namuhla, injongo eyinhloko umthwalo lobugebengu iyona yokulungiswa isiboshwa esikhulile. Yiqiniso, lesi simiso izinhlawulo okwamanje ngokwanele igxile ukuqaliswa lo msebenzi, kodwa ngo umkhuba ayaqala impilo entsha, akuzona zonke izigebengu. Ingxenye enkulu neziboshwa zangaphambilini namanje ukubuyela "kwi oshelelayo, 'nakuba mhlawumbe hhayi ukuba asolwe lapha iqoqo izilinganiso ukugcwaliseka necala lobugebengu, futhi uhlelo komphakathi izigebengu izolo.

Futhi abanye abenzi namanje ukulungiswa. Ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuba sixoxe ngenjongo yaleli nokuvuselelwa izuzwe. Kunabantu abangazange akasoze buya indlela zobugebengu futhi ndaba zalutho bona uyobonakala ithuba ukuqala impilo entsha kakhulu.

zokuvimbela ekhethekile

Tinjongo umthetho lobugebengu isethi omkhulu. Ingqikithi isijeziso - ke, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukuvikelwa izisekelo. Ukwabela namuhla njengoba umsebenzi okhethekile lokuvikela. Siqukethe ekuvimbeleni ikhomishana ubugebengu. It ibangelwa kwemihlambi isakhamuzi, ngubani kwake yenza isenzo esiyingozi emphakathini. Lokho ngempela ukulimaza emphakathini once more umuntu akakwazi, it is ebiyelwe off wonke umuntu.

Ngaphezu ukwahlukanisa, liyasetshenziswa kwamanye amazwe, isigwebo sokufa, udilikajele kanye nezinye izinyathelo. Emazweni athile ukusetshenziswa castration kuvamile ukuba abantu abaye benza amacala ocansi.

Kodwa akubona bonke izinhlobo zokuvimbela ezikhethekile njengoba ukuzisika, noma nabantu. Lokhu kubuye bokuhlukaniswa ilungelo ukuze abanezikhundla ezithile noma uzibandakanye kunoma yimuphi umsebenzi. Ngakho umphakathi ebugqilini abadlali abangenamakhono abangekho yobudedengu noma uzwela ekuqalisweni imisebenzi yabo.

Vumelanani usuku, indima isijeziso njengoba ukuziphindiselela / retribution amathuluzi incane, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi namanje isekhona. Ngokwesibonelo, kungcono nje kusobala esimweni isigwebo sokufa. Nakuba amanye amazwe anesilinganiso ukujanyiswa okhethekileko ngesilinganiso. Nokho, ezimweni eziningi baye benza kanjalo njengoba ukunciphisa imiphumela kungenzeka nokwahlulelwa okungenabo ubulungisa, kungukuthi oVikelwe, abekho abantu futhi alukho uhlelo lomthetho.

zokuvimbela jikelele

On le njongo umthetho lobugebengu akugcini lapho. Ingenye into Isijeziso okubizwa ngokuthi zokuvimbela jikelele. It ibangelwa ekulondolozeni. A ezingaba umhlaseli, owazi ukuthi esimweni ukuvezwa ubugebengu ibhekene nokuboshwa esiphezulu noma isigwebo sentambo, nje wesaba ukuthi benze izenzo ezingekho emthethweni. Lona kwakuwumsebenzi ngesilinganiso ngempumelelo, ngoba ingxenye enkulu kwezindiza ezashiywa isikhathi esicashile futhi ungatholi kwi "oshelelayo" okunengqondo wakhetha ukuhlala namanje phezu okubi. Lokhu into ibangelwa izindlela ephumelelayo bamba futhi ukuthola izigebengu isenzo. Uma kokuphila komphakathi wezomthetho isimo kukhona namthetho ephelele, noma onjani ukuthobeka noma ukwesaba sola akakwazi ukuhamba nokukhuluma.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, injongo zokuvimbela jikelele sidzingeka nekhwalithi ekwazisa umphakathi mayelana namacala, kanye nezinhlawulo eziye isetshenziswa amashinga. ukuqhuba phezu ingxenye isimo izinga inqubomgomo ulwazi, okuyinto kwakha umfanekiso ongemuhle of lowo okonile eveza intransigence futhi isimo sengqondo esingaqondile nomlayo icala kumele kusungulwe.

Nokho, abasekela izinhlawulo obuqinile, nokungababekezeleli kakhulu nokuqothulwa kwezinhlanga okunonya ngempela, izindlela ngokungafanele kuphela professionalized ubugebengu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isithombe ye villain ngeshwa, owayeneminyaka ngokungemthetho futhi ngokungafanele athola ukujeziswa umphakathi. Ngakho, indlela eyisa umgomo lokuvikela jikelele, ukulinganiselwa ezithile kufanele kuqashelwe. Kuphela kuleli cala, ukusetshenziswa kwalo ngempela iyokunika imiphumela emihle. Ngakho ehlongozwayo ukuba banake kobukhulu isijeziso, kwesiphetho yayo. Okungukuthi, abangabantwana ezincane isibalo sabantu abaphethe ukugwema umthwalo, ngakho consequently ephakeme nekusebenta okuthiwa zokuvimbela jikelele.

Ukwahlukaniswa imisho

Namuhla, kukhona ngeengaba ezimbalwa ezivamile necala lobugebengu. Futhi ukubulawa kwabo umusho lembula essence yayo. Ngakho, nokuhlonza izinyathelo core, kanye ezengeziwe. Ezifundeni ezithile, kukhona ubuqili kanye umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama. Nokho, ngokuvamile i-basic yilezo ingasetshenziswa kuphela bebodwa futhi azisebenzi, isibonelo, ukuthuthukisa umphumela nezinye izinhlawulo ezithile. umthwalo engeziwe ngokwaso asisebenzi. Isetshenziselwa kuphela ngokuhlangana ne izinyathelo main ukuqinisa ukusebenza kwabo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwaba yemfanelo jikelele kanye ethize kokusebenza. Ukungaboni ngaso ukuthi kwetinhlobo letikhetsekile isijeziso zingasetshenziswa kuphela amaqembu athile abantu kanye nezinhlaka zomphakathi.

Futhi ukuhlukanisa phakathi ngezindlela ezahlukene ukuqaliswa nokuziphendulela: impahla, okuhlanganisa inhlawulo noma ukudliwa kwempahla; izinhlawulo ezihilela bokuhlukaniswa inkululeko, kanye lomtshikatshika imisebenzi ngabanye. Njengoba ubona, zingabantu lenqwaba.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kakade inqubo ukuthi uzolahlwa noma ukuthi isijeziso ungayithola enye by ezinye izinhlobo isilinganiso zingancishiswa, kuba umusho kuvunyelwe okwesikhashana. Yiqiniso, yonke le yenzeka kuphela yinkantolo. Liphinde isigebengu angase "anikezwe" Ukukhululwa of icala.

kwezijeziso

Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, abantu baye bazama ukuba zijezise abenzi. Izijeziso ngenxa mthetho ye-oda necebo ezahlukene kakhulu. Abaningi babo ungazange ezisekhona kuze kube namuhla, Nokho, ezinye izinhlawulo liyalondolozwa kugxilile hhayi kuphela empilweni yansuku zonke kodwa nasendaweni amadokhumenti omthetho. Yiqiniso, edume kakhulu lezi amadokhumenti omthetho kuyinto code lobugebengu.

Isijeziso mildest ubhekwa isigwebo. Futhi ukusebenza kwakhe kuleli cala akusho ukwethula izinkinga. ukukhuluma Cishe, indoda ngenxa yeseqo yakhe ruble ajeziswe.

Isijeziso - lokhu ingenye amafomu of icala eminingi yasendulo. It is lisetshenziswe umthetho yesimanje lobugebengu, iningi uthi futhi, njengoba umthetho, nalokuvalelwa ngokuba icala maqondana namacala amancane (ezifana nezomnotho). Isijeziso ingaphinda isetshenziswe njengoba isilinganiso lokuchibiyela isijeziso esikhulu. Ngomqondo onabile, avame kwenzekani, ngoba ezimele ukusetshenziswa kwalo kwenza kube nomphumela womuntu ongabazisayo. Ngakho, ukuqoqwa inhlawulo kusukela kumuntu osonile ezimweni eziningi cishe akunakwenzeka ngenxa yokuntuleka izinyathelo ezanele ukukhokha lemali ukujeziswa. Libuye Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukunqunywa isigwebo yemali uqobo bungase buholele entsha futhi kakade ubugebengu, ngoba umhlaseli kudingeka endaweni ethile ukuze uthole izimali ukukhokha inhlawulo.

izinhlawulo Modern kufake hlangana ophoqelelwe, lapho umuntu olahlwe yicala ophoqelelwe ukwenza oyimpoqo. Emashumini eminyaka adlule e umthetho lobugebengu eyayisetshenziswa kabanzi kanzima, kodwa namuhla, by indlela enjalo esishiywe dengwane. Ngokusho ucwaningo lwamuva, ophoqelelwe kuyinto ngempela okuhle ngenxa yokulungiswa isiboshwa esikhulile. Ngokuvamile, umsebenzi kunomphumela ezuzisayo phezu umsebenzi wakhe esikhathini esizayo. Umuntu ojwayele imisebenzi ehlelekile futhi wakhulela izimo zokuphila kwansuku zonke.

Isijeziso - ejele

Nokho, akubona bonke izilinganiso ukugcwaliseka umthwalo lobugebengu yathamba. Kuze kube manje, njengoba umthetho, emacaleni anzima womuntu bayaboshwa. Leli kamelo ayimpoqo walahlwa yicala ngo ezithile luhlobo ekhethekile, lapho kwenziwe inyumbazana okwalandela kusukela umphakathi, ukulawula yayo yokuziphatha. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, kanye nezinye izindlela nomthelela ezemfundo zisetshenziswa abantu. Ngesisekelo umyalelo wenkantolo, ingasetshenziswa njengendlela elithile umusho okunemibandela. Lokhu kwenzeka njalo umkhuba.

Namuhla, isijeziso ejele ezinqunyiwe eziningi sina impahla amacala, amacala ngokumelene senkululeko ngokobulili nokuphila. Okungukuthi, it is ebekiwe kulabo tebugebengu udale umonakalo omkhulu emphakathini.

Namuhla, kunezindawo izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokubusa ngesimiso bokuhlukaniswa inkululeko, okuyinto ihlukaniswa kuncike eside ejele, izindawo ukukhonza isigwebo sakhe, futhi izimo yeziboshwa.

Imingcele inkululeko yanoma lowo omonile, njengoba umthetho, kuphela ezimweni ezingavamile. Kumele kuqapheleke futhi ukuthi lezi zinqubo GCWELE ENGAMELA Federal Penitentiary Izikhungo, okuxoxwe ngazo ngenhla ngawo.

Izinyathelo ezithathwa ayisasetshenziswa

Namuhla-ke alisetshenziswa mkhuba zabasebenzi hhayi kuphela kanzima, kodwa futhi ezinye izinhlobo ukuphoqwa lobugebengu. Ikakhulukazi, emashumini eminyaka ambalwa edlule bebelokhu esetshenziswa kabanzi isixhumanisi noma adingiswe. By the way, sekube izinyathelo futhi okubi nakakhulu. Isixhumanisi - ukususwa lowo okonile endaweni ohlala labantu esiyisibopho endaweni ethile njalo. Ukuphuma - kuvinjelwe yokuhlala endaweni ethile (nedolobha noma isifunda) kwakunesijeziso sokufa noma ejele.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, lokho alisetshenziswa namuhla, okungenani emhlabeni ophucukile, kuhlawuliswa ngekushaywa. Lezi zinyathelo amelela eyodwa yezindlela of ukugcwaliseka necala lobugebengu eminingi yasendulo. Kuhlawuliswa lalinabashumayeli okubangela ubuhlungu obungokomzimba noma kumuntu osonile ilimele. Ukusebenzisa lolu isilinganiso uvinjelwe kwezivumelwano eziningi ngamazwe.

Kufinyeta

Yiqiniso, manje umphakathi akuyona esikhathini enjalo yentuthuko lapho ukusetshenziswa ezihlukahlukene isijeziso okungalungile. Namanje okwamanje onamabala ubugebengu ayiphumelelanga. Nokho, izinjongo zemfundo zemithwalo yemfanelo lobugebengu ngandlela-thile izuzwe. Okungcono kakhulu, sonke isintu kumelwe bahambe ngaphandle kokuthi isijeziso. Nokho, lezi amathemba kuyinto ngempela ezingacacile.

Njengoba singabona kusukela ngenhla, Criminal Code inikeza uyasijezisa ihlukile, kuncike ngobucayi icala, kanye nezinye izinto eziningi, lapho kuncike esilinganisweni umthwalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo of icala ayishintshi, Nokho, ngokuvamile senze ukulungisa ngesikhathi. Ngakho, kukhona individualization elikhulayo izimpendulo. Futhi lokhu kuhloswe ubulungiswa emphakathini, lapho injongo isijeziso abayifunayo, futhi izigebengu njalo kabusha abafundile.

Ngakho, esikhathini sethu, umthwalo emkhakheni komthetho ophathelene nokwelelesa yakhelwe, ngokuyinhloko, ukuvikela umphakathi ukufaka umkhawulo futhi ezimisele ukuvikela abantu ukuba izigebengu, okuyinto kuphela umgwaqo nokuvuselelwa nzima kanye ngcono.

Esikhathini esizayo, izishaya-mthetho futhi abadlali kufanele nginakekele inkinga ngokuqeqesha imisho umuntu esimweni ngasinye. Le ndlela kuzoholela kakhulu ukunciphisa amacala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziboshwa izolo ayengakwenza ukubukeka ngokuphelele ngesikhathi ngokoqobo elibazungezile futhi ukuqonda harmfulness we ngokungemthetho ukuthi benzani, ukucabanga kabusha imibono yabo, imicabango yabantu bese uqale ngempela impilo entsha. Nokho, le ndlela ngokuyinhloko usekelwe emisebenzini yasemahhovisi umsebenzi izigebengu, njengoba umthetho, lo omkhulu, eziyinkimbinkimbi ... Isintu kumele ekugcineni yokuthi isijeziso abanye abantu bamane nje musa ukukulungisa, ngeke isebenze. Ukusebenza kumaphrojekthi kule ndawo kufanele esekelwe izahlulelo zezazi eziningi ku izifundo zesayensi yokuhlalisana kwabantu kanye nedatha kwezibalo. Futhi esikhathini esizayo sivele ungasuki ukwenzisa oko- ingajezisa, okuyinto kusadingeka indawo ukuba. Yiqiniso, abanye intuthuko kule isiqondiso manje, kodwa zisatholakala akwanele ukuba uthuthukise ngokugcwele uhlelo ekhona zokuqasha kanye ukukhonza isigwebo sakhe.

Kunoma yikuphi, ngaso esigabeni samanje yomsebenzi onzima kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha, okuhloswe ngalo isifundo zobugebengu nekucedza kwalo okwalandela. Khona-ke owamisa kwezijeziso esikhathini esizayo zibuye ziphelelwe isikhathi ngokwabo ngokugcwele, futhi ekumisweni necala lobugebengu ngeke kusaba khona noma yisiphi isidingo. Kakade, ezingeni zomthetho angamukela izichibiyelo ezithile okuhloswe ngazo nabantu kanye nokuvuselelwa ngempumelelo izigebengu. Lokhu kuyoba isinyathelo sokuqala maqondana wokuqeda zobuhlongandlebe futhi kuvimbele ikhomishana okwengeziwe amacala abantu ngaphambili yicala. Kungenzeka kakhulu ukuzijayeza yokukhululeka isijeziso. Ngaphandle kwalokho, asinakuba ngempela ukukhuluma mayelana umphakathi omuhle, lapho wonke umuntu sinenai, lapho ex-kumuntu osonile kubalulekile, futhi silwele ngangokunokwenzeka izimilo esikhathini esizayo ukuze ugweme kabi kwakhe. Kukho konke, kufanele silwele ukwakha umphakathi lapho Bangajeziswa akunandawo.