OCD - emagama. IHhovisi Ukulwisana Organised Crime

Cishe noma isiphi isimo ngaso sonke isikhathi, kuqala kuyinto umthetho nokuhleleka. Phela, kuphela ngesisekelo lezi zingxenye ezimbili anganikeza abanekhono futhi osungulwe ngokubambisana umsebenzi wonke ngothi lwawo, iziphathimandla zikahulumeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubaluleka okukhulu kuyinto degree of ukuthembela kwabantu kule isimo lapho sibhekene kwezitho zawo ehlukile, okunikeza umthetho nokuhleleka. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi le mikhakha yomibili awumthombo umlamuli eyinhloko yobuhlobo kwezenhlalo, okungukuthi kulungile. Siyabonga kuye sikwazi ukukhuluma noma yimuphi umthethonqubo wemikhakha ezithile zomsebenzi womuntu. Phela, uma kungekho mthetho, eqinisweni asikho isidingo ukuhlela oda kuleli zwe, ngoba kusekelwe namanje hhayi lutho.

Ngokuqondene Russian Federation, namakhulu eminyaka kuleli zwe iziphathimandla ezikhethekile, onikele umthetho nokuhleleka, ukunikeza indima ezanele onohlonze. Lo mkhuba akukhona abaselona usizo walo namuhla. Modern komthetho emizimbeni we Russian Federation unayo inhlangano kwesakhiwo evumela ukuthi ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukufeza imisebenzi yabo kanye nemisebenzi. Kodwa lezi zindikimba uhlelo zikhona izinhlangano kabani imigomo kuyizici ezahlukene eyinqaba. Ngokuba abanjalo kungenzeka ukuthi lilinganise iHhovisi Ukulwisana Lobugebengu Obuhleliwe, okuzoxoxwa kamuva esihlokweni.

Umqondo ubugebengu

Umphakathi komthetho likhona ezweni elithile ngesizathu esithile. Emkhakheni wezomthetho kukhona into efana ubugebengu. It is emphakathini moya, negative, kusukela umbono ophathelene nokwelelesa, into esizibonakalisa ngesikhathi esinikeziwe isikhathi angomunye esimweni esithile. Eqinisweni ubugebengu iqoqo zonke yobugebengu obenziwa. NgokoMthetho we-lobugebengu umthetho izici zalesi simo asisihle kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kulwa nebugebengu Kwenziwa esebenzisa ekhethekile abomthetho ukuthi liqalise imisebenzi igama elifanayo.

Komthetho nemvelo

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, kulwa nebugebengu Kwenziwa komthetho. Enkabeni yalo, kuba uhlobo impendulo umphakathi ukuba izenzo ezingekho emthethweni kwi ingxenye izifundo ezithile. Kwenziwe imisebenzi komthetho imizimba kanye nabasebenzi babo ngokukhethekile ogunyazwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kubhekwa isimo esingokomthetho zalesi simo, singasho ukuthi luyasetshenziswa ngaphakathi kohlaka amagatsha amaningana zomthetho ezibaluleke kakhulu, okuwukuthi civil kanye nomthetho wezobugebengu. Esikhathini lobugebengu umthetho ensimini kuwumshikashika ngokumelene izenzo eziyingozi kakhulu emthethweni, ababiziweyo ubugebengu.

Izimpawu komthetho

Lo mkhuba ngenhla libhekene hhayi kuphela ejabulela Isici sokuvikela, kodwa futhi unalo eziningi nezinye izici. Ngokwesibonelo, ngokuvumelana nomthetho wamanje we Russian Federation, iziphathimandla abanekhono kohlaka komthetho anelungelo imingcele inkululeko yanoma izakhamuzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona nezinye izindawo eziningana lapho izimpawu, okuyilezi:

- Zonke izindlela ithonya ngaphakathi komthetho kukhona ngokuqinile zomthetho. Okungukuthi, noma yini kulezi zindlela ezingezansi ukuqinisa ngempela normative esashiwo iziqondiso ekhona.

- Ukuqaliswa lomsebenti wenteka ezimweni ezehlukile futhi kumelwe Ungeqeli ngalé umthetho. Lona isimiso semthethweni umsebenzi kwazo zonke izinhlaka zikahulumeni.

- komthetho Kwenziwa kuphela imizimba ogunyaziwe.

Uma ucabangela izici ethulwa, sikwazi ukukhuluma imininingwane yalolu isici komthetho we Russian Federation.

I Wezangaphakathi of Russian Federation

Kuze kube yimanje, Russian Federation, main yezomthetho kuyinto Wezangaphakathi eRussia. Lokhu umzimba inomlando sasivumela ocebile futhi eside kumiswa. Ezinye amayunithi kanye namasevisi Interior Ministry babe prototypes zabo kule Izinsuku zoMbuso Wase-Russian. Esikhathini yesimanje Russian Federation, le Wezangaphakathi umzimba federal kwamandla esiphezulu bemvelo, iqinisekisa umthetho nokuhleleka, ukulwa nobugebengu, kanye eba iziqondiso emkhakheni we ezindabeni zangaphakathi isimo. Russian Wezangaphakathi inikeza lempi, federal inkonzo yomphakathi ezivamile komthetho.

isakhiwo Ministry

Isakhiwo Wezangaphakathi eRussia kuhlanganisa ezintathu eziyisisekelo "iyunithi", okuyinto, zona selihlukene laba neminyango ezincane. Okuningi ngokunembile, lesi simiso siqukethe izinto ezilandelayo, okuyilezi:

1. Ngqo yangaphakathi izindaba imizimba, okuhlanganisa amaphoyisa Russian Federation.
2. Amasosha ngokusebenzisa kwangaphakathi.
3. amayunithi Special nemizimba adaliwe ukuqinisekisa imisebenzi umnyango.

Ngakho, ukwakheka Ministry Russian Wezangaphakathi luyinhlanganisela kunalokho ezithile zemizimba ezahlukene kanye ejensi. Kodwa kulesi sihloko, umbhali ongathanda embule izici omunye amayunithi ezithile amaphoyisa Russian. Kulokhu sikhuluma umnyango njengoba OCD. Long nkathi yesikhathi ngempela iyunithi edume eyenziwa nemisebenti lehlose ekulweni nobugebengu obuhleliwe. Kulokhu, isithakazelo akuyona kuphela OCD, kanye nezici ekulweni nobugebengu emelelwa zilwane. Ngoba izenzo ezinjalo ekhubazekile nzima kakhulu ukuthola ukuthi iyini futhi abenzi bokubi ukuba ubulungisa. Mayelana izici umzabalazo emkhakheni komthetho nayo izofakwa kuchazwe kabanzi kamuva kulesi sihloko.

OCD: okulotshiweyo

OCD noma RUBOP njengendlela division of the kanye ngokuthi, wenza imisebenzi eminingi likubeka ngokucacile. Okuningi ngokunembile, ukudalulwa zokwakheka ezifana babehilelekile namacala ahlobene ngobugebengu obuhleliwe noma ngqo eyenziwa yizinhlangano zezigebengu. Enkabeni yalo, OCD kwaba okokusebenza, ie yayinelungelo lokugunyaza ukuba enze umsebenzi tekusebenta-yokusesha. Ukwakhiwa ukuthi ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ezincane, okuyinto zadalwa ngokuvumelana nezidingo ekulweni nobugebengu ngokucacile ethile. Isibonelo salokhu i-Division 5 th, okuyinto eba amasela iziphathimandla zezwe lobugebengu. Ngakho, ekuphathweni lesifunda ukulwa nobulelesi obuhleliweko kuyinto ekhethekile injongo iyunithi kule nokwakheka WaseRussia Wezangaphakathi, okuyinto obandakanya ekulweni nobulelesi obuhleliweko.

Abophiko olusebenza ngobugebengu obuhleliwe futhi impendulo ke

Ekulweni nobugebengu obuhleliwe, njengoba sekushiwo ngaphambili esihlokweni, kanye kwenziwe kwaba nokuhlukana ezifana RUBOP. Kodwa kaningi abaqondi umbuzo ngalokho, ngokuvamile, ubugebengu ihlelwe. Lokhu kungolunye uhlobo ezithile zobugebengu, okuyinto kuphakama ngenxa imisebenzi kwezigcwelegcwele, isigebengu izinhlangano, amaqembu ezigebengu namanye amaqembu afanayo uhlamvu emthethweni. Njengoba ojwayelekile, lo msebenzi kusekelwe Okusondele izigebengu futhi uhulumeni, ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezehlukene zokwenza lokhu zenkohlakalo.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi isayensi criminological, ngokuvamile zithonywa izinkinga lomkhuba ezigelekeqe. Ngoba inhlangano abanekhono ukuze baqede ukusabalala kwaleli isici negative, kudinga ukuthuthukiswa imiqondo theory. Nokho, ezinye izinyathelo yokulwa nobugebengu obuhleliwe namuhla namanje athuthukile, isibonelo:

- udinga ukuba banake ukusatshalaliswa engenayo kanye nempahla kusuka emithonjeni engaziwa ukuba abantu abathile abakwenza baxhumene namaqembu obugebengu;

- ukuqinisekisa ukulawula abantu abaningi asebenzayo abakhuluphele ngaphasi kwelizinga lebuphuya;

- ukuqinisekisa ukulawula abantu amaningi asebenzayo abangamaHimba, umphakathi demoralized imvelo;

- ukukhiqiza ukuqaphelisa komphakathi emibi okungabangelwa ukudalwa ezigebe- futhi ubugebengu ngokuvamile.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi abanye izinyathelo yokulwa nobugebengu emisebenzini OCD zazifihliwe, ngoba benziwa ukuqaliswa izenzo yokusesha ezithile tekusebenta.

History of the UBOP

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi OCD, ngokulotshiweyo okuyinto okusesihlokweni esithi, kukhona akunjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Lesi sigaba yavela ngemva eSoviet Union. Yiqiniso, isidingo ukhona ubekade kwamaSoviet, kodwa ke imisebenzi UBOP yenziwa izakhi ezahlukene isakhi Wezangaphakathi.

Ngakho, ngemva kokuphindela eSoviet Union yaphela, i-General Directorate Wezangaphakathi iba Main loMqondisi Ukulwisana Lobugebengu Obuhleliwe. Libuye ingxenye Wezangaphakathi, kodwa Russian Federation.

Ngo-1993, waba i-kabusha of amahhovisi ezifunda abafanele. Ngalesi sikhathi sase sikhona kakade amayunithi ezifana umnyango OCD, oyingxenye wamaphoyisa. Nokho, ngonyaka owasungula 1996. RUBOP kubhekwe ngoba esikhathini igama elifanayo baphuma neminyango Wezangaphakathi futhi kwakuwukuthi phathelana elawulwa kuphela ukuphathwa. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kukhona amayunithi like OCD eziningi kwamanye amazwe CIS. Ukraine kulo mqondo iyathinteka. Unit yokulwa nobugebengu obuhleliwe kuleli esifuze kakhulu Russian, uma acabangele izici wesi zomthetho.

I okunye isiphetho iziqephu

OCD, elimalungu alo alwa ngenkuthalo nobulelesi obuhleliweko sekuneminyaka injalo yasekuqaleni kuze 2001. Ngemva kwalokhu, izinhloko Ministry Interior ukuxazululwa phezu kabusha kumiswa. Kusukela kulo nyaka RUBOP cishe non-akukho. Isekelwe kuwo kwadalwa tekusebenta-search bureau, okuyinto eyaba yingxenye ngqo amaphoyisa lobugebengu we Russian Federation. Kuleli fomu isevisi wadonsa kwaze kwaba ngu-2008, bese kwezindlu kusekelwe kuyo ukudala mnyango ulwe Abashisekeli.

Ububanzi bemisebenzi RUBOP

UMnyango umzabalazo wokulwa nobulelesi obuhleliweko benza umsebenzi othize, yayihloselwe ubulelesi, nemvelo zihlelekile, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili kulesi sihloko. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi RUBOP - kungcono iyunithi sisebenza kuphela. Okungukuthi, e oyiyo wayengeyena nophenyo kanye uphenyo nezinsizakalo. Ngakho, RUBOP ayikwazanga ukuqalisa zobulelesi. Ngokuphathelene imisebenzi iyunithi ke lesi sici iyabonakala ngokucacile ku iminyango ethize. Ngo RUBOP isakhiwo yayikhona ukwahlukana ezilandelayo:

- In the umnyango lwesithathu wahlanganyela ekulweni ubugebengu ezihlobene ukuthumba kanye ukukhululwa nezithunjwa.

- Okwesine Division - iyunithi isungulwe ulwe banditry.

- Esigabeni yesihlanu kwakunguShamhuti ukuthuthukiswa mafia abaphathi kanye nezinye abaphathi zezwe lobugebengu, okuyinto sesivele okukhulunywe ngaye ekuqaleni kulesi sihloko.

- Iminyango yesithupha neyesikhombisa ehilelekile inkohlakalo kanye ubugebengu kwezomnotho, okuyinto sizibophezele yizinhlangano zezigebengu.

- UMnyango lesishiyagalombili wahlanganyela ekulweni ubugebengu i imvelo yobuhlanga.

- Esikhathini lesishiyagalolunye kuya kweleshumi umnyango operatives ekulweni nobugebengu YeSizwe kanye obungemthetho izingalo ekushushumbiseni isimo.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi RUBOP amayunithi ohlelweni lwaso futhi kwadingeka amandla ukusekela umnyango, okuthiwa SWAT. Banikezwe Ububanzi bemisebenzi olunikezwa eminyangweni ehlukahlukene ye umnyango wathi, singaphetha ngokuthi lo umsebenzi womnyango ngempela isandla esibalulekile futhi elibalulekile ukuze ekulweni nobugebengu obuhleliwe kuleli Russian Federation.

Ukulwisana Abashisekeli

RUBOP, emagama zazo elinikwe kulesi sihloko kuze kube manje akekho. Esikhundleni yilesi sigaba edume esungulwe iHhovisi Ukulwisana Abashisekeli. Kuyinto inhlangano ezimele ngokugcwele, kuncike kuphela ehhovisi central Ministry Interior. It is baphathiswa umsebenzi wokuqinisekisa nasekusetjentisweni kwenchubomgomo ezingeni wombuso ukuvikela ukusabalala insimu yalo womsebenzi ziyingozi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphathwa Ubuye eziningi ezinye, izici ngokulinganayo ezithakazelisayo, okuyilezi:

- lwenchubomgomo ngokomthetho eyamiswa ngokuqondisa umsebenzi;

- ukwenza ngcono ukuphatha endaweni elondekile zobudlelwano nomphakathi kusuka umthelela ongemuhle imisebenzi abashisekeli;

- inhlangano counteraction emsebenzini ziyingozi;

isiphetho

Ngakho, ngazama ngikuxoxele ukwahlukana ezifana RUBOP. Sokuqonda umlando nobubanzi isevisi Futhi liye okwethulwa kulesi sihloko. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi phakathi nesikhathi ukhona, abasebenzi RUBOP kushushiswe inqwaba izigebengu, kodwa futhi negalelo elikhulu ekulweni nobugebengu obuhleliwe.