Blue Division. 250 Division of Amavolontiya Spanish

I umbimbi eyinhloko eJalimane e-kuhlaselwa baseSoviet Union Romania futhi Finland. Lezi Kamuva lahlangana Bulgaria, Estonia, i-Italy, eLithuania, eLatvia, Albania, Croatia neSlovakia. Nokho, Kube kwelinye izwe, Germany is hhayi matasa futhi alikho esimweni impi neSoviet Union, Unikeze amavolontiya ukukhonza ohlangothini eJalimane. Kwaba Spain.

Umlando eSpain waphawula ukuthi uma kuphela, ngesikhathi ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe, fighters zayo yayiphambana isiRashiya, kodwa ke Franco bagwema iqhaza ovulekile empini, kuyilapho hlangothi. Okunye ezimweni lapho nalawa mazwe amabili nengxenye izimpi ezinhlangothini ezihlukene, wayengekho. Funda kabanzi mayelana lezizenzakalo ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe uzobe okuxoxwe ngazo kulesi sihloko.

Ukuthinta ngale ndaba, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi division eyodwa kuphela balwa eSoviet Union. Kwakuwusuku Spanish "Blue Division", noma 250-mina, eyayihlanganisa amavolontiya Spanish. Kuyinto ba owalwela ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili ohlangothini eJalimane. Ibhekwa fighters ngegama bavimba imigwaqo "ndlela yokuhlasela yokuhlanganisa izihlangu Spanish", lokhu kuqhekeka empeleni inhlanganisela amasosha avamile, amalungu Phalangist abezempi futhi omakadebona kulwiwa. "Blue Division" yayakhiwa canons Spanish. Lalinama eyodwa wezikhali ibutho kanye ezine elihamba phansi. Ngenxa amahembe blue Division yabizwa ngokuthi "Blue Division". Blue kwaba ngesimo ndlela yokuhlasela yokuhlanganisa izihlangu.

Isikhundla Spain empini

Engafuni ukudweba eSpain obala empini ohlangothini isiJalimane, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha yezwe futhi Imodi ndlela yokuhlasela yokuhlanganisa izihlangu, Francisco Franco nalo lwenzeka ngesikhathi yokungathathi hlangothi ahlomile, ngaleyo ndlela kokushiya ngezihluthu asempumalanga division German lezisebenzi zokuzithandela ababefuna ukuba alwe eSoviet Union ohlangothini German. De jure, Spain isinqumo okuba ngingathathi hlangothi, hhayi ingxenye sizana of Germany futhi iqale impi ngo-USSR.

ugqozi sokuzithandela

Umlando Spain seyixhunyaniswe isiphetho eSoviet Union ngaphambi kokuqala kwempi. Ngokuhamba, uNgqongqoshe wezangaPhandle, ngo-1941, ngo-June 24, yamemezela kumiswa yilesi sigaba, ethi eSoviet Union unecala abaseSpain Yombango, eyaqala ngo-1936, lapho Franco eholwa fighters ubuzwe okuhleliwe nokuvukela ahlomile. Bathi-Soviet Union ukuthi le mpi yadonsa wathatha nokubulawa non-zokwahlulela, mass nokubulawa. Isifungo kushintshiwe ngokuvumelana amaJalimane. Amasosha ahamba isifungo ngokumelene ubukhomanisi, hhayi sokudumisa.

Ezahlukene babe ugqozi amavolontiya, ka eyayihlanganisa 250 Division: isifiso ukuziphindiselela izihlobo wabulawa empini yombango, esifisweni ukubaleka (kusukela wangaphambili Republican, okwakwenza amaningi kokuphuma ukuya Army WaseSoviet). Kwakukhona amadoda ubani wayefuna ngempela ukuze kuhlawulelwe yamuva esedlule yakhe Republican. Abaningi wabuye wabakhumbuza ngenxa yezizathu zobugovu. iholo Decent wathola ngesikhathi amasosha, plus kwakuseyimpi iholo German (7.3 peseta nguHulumende eSpain eJalimane kusukela 8,48 ngelanga).

besigaba

Njengoba babengaphezu 18693 fighter division (amadoda 15,780 wacela, 2,272 izikhulu ze-non-ethunywe, 641 izikhulu) isuke ngo-1941, ku-13 Julayi, kusukela Madrid, futhi wadluliselwa eJalimane ukuyoqeqeshelwa ukulwa kuze kube nini nanini amasonto ezinhlanu Grafenwöhr emhlabathini ukuqeqeshwa. Augustin Munoz Grandes, umakadebona Yombango kwaba umlawuli lokuqala division. Amasosha letatinyakata, eziqala Poland, unyawo mashi kuya phambili. Ngemva kwalokho, "Blue Division" yanikwa le Wehrmacht njengoba Infantry 250th. Ngokusebenzisa ubulungu yayo sonke isikhathi bekulokhu abantu abangaphezu kuka-40 eziyinkulungwane (ezingaphezu kuka-50 eziyinkulungwane -. Ngokusho kweminye imithombo) ..

Ayalwa nge Russian ngesikhathi evikela Leningrad

"Blue Division" ebibanjelwe Leningrad wezokuVikela ayebhekwa isixhumanisi weakest umyalo Soviet. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi ukusebenza ngokuthi "North Star", okuhloswe ngazo yokukhululwa Leningrad isifunda labetibambile endaweni cishe 60 km (ngaphansi boron abomvu) egqanyisiwe babe ibutho elincane, okungase hhayi esimweni sezulu esibi futhi sezwe kunzima ukuhlinzeka ikhefu ngokuphelele phambi, noma lwangena nge ibanga abalulekile.

Kuleli sayithi babe izimpi abanolaka nhlangothi zombili. ezindaweni eziqhelelene Advanced iRed Army, ngubani ephethwe ukuze ifohle iye, flank counterattacks anqamuka izinqolobane zabo kanye rears ugaxe yi usesimweni esinzima. Izinsalela lokushaya amayunithi kwesokunxele ngaphandle izinhlamvu nokudla, kwadingeka ukuba bahoxe ekungeneleni imvelo yokuma "Blue Division".

Lapho owayephuma izibhelu imvelo ne ezahlukene unya Spanish ngokuzumayo. Abacwaningi, ngokukhethekile, kuyinto isiqephu uma iqembu Russian, hhayi kokuba cishe amabhomu kanye nezinhlamvu, ebusuku sekungene kuya ngezingodo, lapho amasosha waphumula kancane "Blue Division". Lapho engena ngezingodo, amasosha wabhubhisa izingalo ezibandayo lesitha.

Lokufaneleka esithile isiyalo abaseSpain

Lokufaneleka esithile isiyalo amasosha Spanish yabonakaliswa ngisho ePoland. Wanyamalala wathatha amadoda amaningana izingubo zomsebenzi. Baboshwe amaGestapo, ngokuba njengembali kwabaJuda ukubukeka amnyama. Emva kokudubula, wakhulula ozakwabo. Morozov, imeya Novgorod, owabulawa isosha kusukela ezandleni 'Blue Division ".

Iziphathimandla ihlelwe ukulethwa ubisi kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Zonke zikleliswe njalo ekuseni. Kancane kancane waqala ukuhlanganyela kuze amasosha yilesi sigaba. Bakhandwa eyayihambisana obunokuthula abakhulelwe ngaphandle kokudinga ngokweqile ngokwayo - wathola kuphela ojwayelekile futhi zisuswe. Kodwa Morozov Wathukuthela wangqangqa ngokungabi ubisi. Waya umkhandlu wedolobha, izitebhisi of omunye abaseSpain. Yena wasuka bamdubula nge isibhamu.

Inhlanganisela kahle ephezulu sloppiness futhi

Lokhu inhlanganisela sloppiness nekghono ephezulu Halder jikelele kuqashelwe ngemva kwempi e Red eBor. Waxwayisa wakhe ukuthi uma ngokungazelelwe ubone unshaven, isosha odakiwe nge ingubo unbuttoned, asikho isidingo ukusheshe ukumbamba, njengoba lena cishe iqhawe Spanish.

Kwakukhona kaningi inguquko phakathi amasosha Division ohlangothini isiRashiya, ngokuyinhloko ngenxa ukungondleki kanye luhlata induna.

Disbanding uxhumano, ngekusasa lakhe

Ngo-1943, ngo-October 20, Francisco Franco ngenxa yokucindezelwa angaphandle unqume ukuba bahoxe ekungeneleni phambi "Blue Division" futhi kuhlakazwe emalungeni. Nokho, abaningi baseSpain wahlala ngokuzithandela e amayunithi ibutho lamaJalimane ngaphambi kokuqala kwempi. Engafuni ukulahlekelwa amasosha kwako, amaJalimane wavula ukukhuthazwa amavolontiya bengahlanganyeli kwaba asesandleni isiJalimane, "German Foreign ngizodedelwa." Kwakumelwe, njengoba umthetho, amabutho SS (Infantry amaPhiko Wehrmacht), owalwa kuze kube sekupheleni. Kuze sokunikela Berlin ezungezwe alwa ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane 7. Spanish.

Esikhathini post-yimpi Spain, amasosha amaningi yangaphambili yilesi sigaba wenza umsebenzi wokuziphilisa omuhle kwezempi kwalokho.

Isilinganiso amadoda nodaba lokuhlukaniswa isonto futhi inkolo

igunya Omkhulu eSpain Franco BakaJehova bajabulela inkolo nebandla. Phakathi amabhomu, isibonelo, Dome emaphakathi elise Veliky Novgorod Hagia Sophia wayithi amagobolondo ambalwa. Ngenxa yalokho, ngaqala yezingodo esiphambanweni emhlabathini. onjiniyela Spanish bophulwe, abuyiselwe phakathi nempi, futhi wathunyelwa emazweni akubo.

Ngisho ngaphansi Franco uhlala 70s, esiphambanweni wema ngasemnyango Engineering Academy. Umbhalo ngaphansi ofundayo ukuthi eSpain ungaphakathi isitoreji eRussia futhi uzobuya lapho umbuso kwamaBolshevik uzonyamalala. Umbuso wamaSoviet ngemva kwempi usolwa ngokunukubeza aphanga abaseSpain, ababe lohlupho Novgorod Antiquities. Baphenduka Church of the Ukungena eJerusalema sokukhanda, futhi Palace luka-Archbishop akazange morgue. "Blue Division" on the front empumalanga uthethe iningi iconostasis zokubasa. Ngokuphelele kushiswe bona Znamensky Cathedral "ngokusebenzisa ukunganaki".

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi iminyango lamathempeli lasendulo babengene kwakunemibhalo eqoshiwe ezimba ngeSpanishi futhi isiJalimane, kodwa-Spanish ivuliwe iyiphi asiwanakanga futhi baqhubeka bezophanga isonto Russian. Cishe wonke amasonto Novgorod wahlushwa abaseSpain. Kwavela ukuthi ziyofuna izinto eziyizikhumbuzo onjiniyela baphuthunyiswe Spain ngesiphambano St. UZandile Cathedral, okuthiwa njengoba Memento. It eyabuyiswa 2004.

Ubuhlobo German amasosha Spanish

Zonke izazi-mlando zithi phakathi uhlamvu iSpanishi futhi isiJalimane ayengaboni ngaso linye enkulu. AmaJalimane abaseSpain usolwa ngokunukubeza Ukunganaki, indiscipline, ukwazana nabantu bendawo, ikakhulukazi nge abesifazane. Ukuzama ukondla amavolontiya a isabelo ajwayelekile, kunikwe amandla Infantry amaPhiko Wehrmacht, sasiwumsebenzi scandal eside. Kusukela kulesi sidlo falling ugqozi amasosha, okwakunzima "Blue Division" on the front empumalanga. Qeda zonke ukuthi, emva izinkulumo ephezulu ezingeni nge echelons Turkish of udali uphizi baphuthuma phambi empumalanga.

Nokho, amaJalimane babeqiniseka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukuthi kwesiyalo ukuze enze imigilingwane nobuqhawe abaseSpain akangenelanga. Ngokushesha ngemva kokunqoba waqala sebecela ukumbuyisela iziboshwa amaJalimane, abaseSpain bakwazi "ahlale phandle" ukufa Stalin kanye ushwele okwalandela. isiphetho ezingxoxweni zabo yayiqhutshelwa, kodwa kwanhlanga zimuka nomoya. Ngemva Franco futhi ayebhekene umdlalo zokubonisana ngendlela manje "abandayo" impi.

"Blue Division" (Hounds)

ERussia, kukhona a division of the gama elifanayo. Kusukela ngo-1972, ngo-March, le-150 ngemoto kuqhuma Division, olubizwa nangokuthi "Blue", kumi Borze. Kuyinto idolobha ise Trans-iBaikal Territory, 378 ukusuka Chita. Umphakathi we-ke abantu 29405. Borzya-3 ( "Blue Division") akuhlangene ne amasosha Spanish.