Hellebore Black: incazelo kanye nezithombe, ezikhulayo ikakhulukazi

Abanikazi Iningi izindlu zasemaphandleni ukhokha ukunakekela okukhethekile izitshalo engadini. Ngokushesha nje lapho imisebe yokuqala yasentwasahlobo siya sifudumala ethubeleza phakathi iqhwa liqala ukudonsa izimbali ezintekenteke a hellebore. Ngenxa yalesi sitshalo libhekene i izimbali ekuseni. Frost kuvula namasumpa alo esikhathini izimbali erantisa, grouse futhi crocuses.

Mystery nengozi helleborus

Lena isitshalo emangalisayo zisetshenziswa ezaziwayo kusukela ezikhathini zeBhayibheli. Mayelana naye ayeyizinganekwane kanye yezinganekwane, yena kuchasiselwe izakhiwo imilingo. Omunye legend uthi lezi zimbali amaMagi ezitholakale eduze esibayeni, lapho uJesu Kristu wazalwa. Ngaphambili sasikholelwa ukuthi le mbali kungaba mema amademoni. Kwesinye legend, kwakuthiwa isizathu ukufa Aleksandra Makedonskogo kwaba isihlungu hellebore. Futhi UHippocrates belisebenzisa njengophawu ejenti ukuhlanzwa. Le mbali ekuseni liyasetshenziswa ukwelapha ukukhubazeka kanye ukungaphili engqondweni.

Izazi Modern baye bame kwelokuthi lokhu imbali akuyona ayinangozi. It yakhiwa ezifana ezinobuthi njengoba iervin, veratrine, cyclopamine futhi teratogen. Uma emzimbeni womuntu, babangela ukuba nesiyezi, dyspnea, edema, ukoma nokuhlanza. Ngakho-ke, kokunquma wagqoka uzungu lwakhe engadini esimila ezikhangayo, kufanele ukuqapha unomphela ezifuywayo nezingane ezincane. Lapho izimpawu zokuqala ubuthi nale isitshalo kufanele ngokushesha kudokotela.

zezimila

Endle likhula eYurophu (eseningizimu futhi phakathi ingxenye), e-Asia Minor, eBalkans, Carpathians, eseningizimu Ukraine ne eCaucasus. Hellebore ukuphakama ifinyelela 30-50 cm. It has a uhlelo impande evuthiwe. Hellebore izimbali namaqabunga ahlelwe hlabathi, ukwakha esidayisa enhle. amahlamvu aminyene zalesi sitshalo abe umbala aluhlaza. On ohlangeni ubude kukhona inflorescence enhle. izinhlobonhlobo Iningi hellebore izimbali babe luhlaza okhanyayo-oluhlaza. Ngaphakathi ngamunye wabo zaveza ezinemibala egqamile - brown, obomvu, bomvana, abamnyama. Ukuze izinhlobo ezivamile hellebore (zimovnika) zibandakanya:

• Black.
• ZaseCaucasia.
• East.
• Hybrid.
• Besimayili nokukhophozela.
• Ingabe ngithola.

black hellebore

Lapho kwazalelwa le mbali iyinhle kangaka eNingizimu futhi eYurophu Ephakathi. Igama black hellebore sivela umbala namahlumela kuyo le mpande. Endle, lesi sitshalo ezivamile emahlathini entabeni. Incazelo black hellebore ngeke ngikushiye ngabandayo. Believe me, ngemva kokufunda lesi sihloko uyobe ngokushesha nokuba nitshala emagcekeni abo kuyinto zisetshenziswa imfihlakalo isitshalo.

Black helleborus ukuphakama ifinyelela 30 cm. Amahlamvu abe umbala aluhlaza. ERussia, lokhu ezihlukahlukene hellebore blooms ngasekupheleni March - ekuqaleni kuka-April. Inflorescence zimovnika black zinkulu, zibe mhlophe mottled. Njengoba bekhula, bona ibe luhlaza obucayi pink. Kukhona ezihlukahlukene ne yasekuqaleni pink izimbali, okuthiwa "Christmas Star". Kuyinto lokhu Imbali, ngokusho legend, wethulwa umntwana uJesu.

Ngemva izimbali, lesi sitshalo eshiya awe, endaweni balo bukhula entsha ngokushesha. Black hellebore blooms unyaka wonke. He is ukunakekelwa linesizotha, linamandla izinambuzane ezehlukene. Winter imbali umelana okushisa phansi -35 ° ^C.

Lesi simila ngenkuthalo lisetshenziswe abantu imithi. Ngokwesibonelo, aziwayo aqueous akhiphe helleborus abamnyama. Kodwa ochwepheshe musa batusa ukuthatha zonke infusions ngaphakathi. Ngoba sonke siyazi ukuthi isitshalo iqukethe ubuthi, ngakho-ke, umuntu angaba nemiphumela emibi ngendlela efanayo, kuhlanganise nokufa.

hellebore Caucasian

Kuyinto nondescript kunazo zonke izinhlobonhlobo hellebore. Kodwa-ke futhi enobuthi kakhulu. Lesi sitshalo sikhula ngo-beech, oki * nomkhoba kanyekanye, amahlathi we Krasnodar Territory futhi Georgia. ZaseCaucasia zimovnika ukuphakama ifinyelela 40 cm Amahlamvu zezitshalo -. Ingabe ezinkulu, obunesikhumba, eluhlaza, elicwebezelayo. Ngenxa ukuqina we ukuthungwa kanye nokwakheka ishidi engaphakathi umonakalo esindayo. Kuyakuba khona impande encane, limnyama. Inflorescence obuluhlaza umthunzi brown noma amhlophe. Lokhu blooms ezihlukahlukene ngasekupheleni ebusika - kwentwasahlobo. Eyokuqala efihlekile avela ngaphansi eqhweni.

Ivunyelwe ukusetshenziswa hellebore omnyama ngezinhloso zokwelapha Caucasian. Sebenzisa impande okuyinto wayeke ezaziwumbile, ukuhlanzwa kanye omisiwe. Kusukela ukulungele infusions, isithako nomuthi. Zisetshenziswa ngoba impatho ngezihloko ezihlukene izinkinga dermatological nezihlanganiso.

East hellebore

I sesitshalo ezivamile. Ikhaya le hellebore olusempumalanga Greece, eCaucasus, Turkey. Lesi simila kuletha okukhulu ezomile izimo ehlobo futhi ebusika nokhahlo. It liyakuthethelela ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa ebusika ukuze -29 ^° C Usuyifakile Ungakusebenzisa umhlobiso landscape izingoma ezindaweni lapho kungekho eyiqhwa.

Hellebore empumalanga ifinyelela cm 30 ukuphakama. It libhekene a zezimbali sekwephuzile. Izimbali kuqala ukuvela ekuqaleni kuka-April. isitshalo Umzali - ukhilimu ezinemibala imivimbo ethize ku amacembe. Kukhona izinhlobonhlobo pink, white, lokuyibubende nombala scheme. Ngokuvamile kukhona izinhlobonhlobo nge izilongotshane ngaphakathi imbali. Laba bameleli be-enhle kakhulu alesi sigaba Ballard hybrid, East Montsegur no-Ellen onsomi.

hellebore esinuka

igama isitshalo liyazikhulumela. Bright oluhlaza zimbali ezingavamile babe ubuhle esingachazeki. Kulokhu, a, iphunga eqinile ezingemnandi kuyodingeka eziningi ungathandi.

Lapho ukutshala

Ethandwa kakhulu, ezikhangayo nesingakhangi uzizwe black hellebore. Ukutshala nokunakekela ulula. Lena isitshalo zisetshenziswa bukhule endaweni eyodwa ngaphandle kokuba ukushintsha iminyaka eminingi. Kodwa kufanele akhethe ngokucophelela indawo umhlaba hellebore, ukulalela izincomo lochwepheshe kanye nezidingo ubuchwepheshe yezolimo.

Ukutshala black hellebore kangcono kwenzeka nenhlabathi ocebile humus. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi wawakhiwe khona ngaphansi kwezihlahla, lapho eziningi humus amahlamvu. Kuyadingeka ukuba ukhethe indawo lekusasa zalesi sihlahla kahle. Hellebore kufanele ibekwe emthunzini esincane elangeni. Indawo kufanele bavikeleke imimoya enamandla. Omakhelwane mahle imbali izihlahla, umqhele okuzokwenza kudlule kwelanga kuyadingeka. I plant ngempela undemanding futhi kalula ukuzivumelanisa cishe kunoma iyiphi indawo. Kodwa okutshalwe lesifanele nokunakekela black hellebore - isibambiso izimbali zalo ezinde futhi esebenzayo engadini yakho.

Watshala isitshalo ensimini kwentwasahlobo. Hellebore nesikhathi esihle ukuthatha impande, kungakangeni ubusika. Ngokuvamile lokhu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa ezinye ezihlabayo ukuthi yayikade ehlukanisiwe isitshalo ubudala. Ngale ndlela ehlathini kuyinto ngezicabha, kanti isikhathi ekukhuleni kwayo kuyanda. Ngesinye isikhathi angakhula ehlathini isikhathi eside. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, yandisa. Samos kuliminyanise isitshalo, ngakho njalo ehlathini kufanele ube mncane. Izingxenye ahlukaniswe asetshenziselwa zizalela. Bayoba ukuqalisa esizayo entsha, isihlahla iqinile futhi mihle.

Izimfuneko inhlabathi futhi ayakhala

Primer zokutshala helleborus kumele isicupho umswakama. Lesi simila akakubekezeleli iphele ukuphuma emhlabathini. Ngakho-ke, kufanele unake okukhethekile hhayi kuphela ukwakheka kodwa isimo kwenhlabathi. Akufanele kube nzima futhi matted. Umhlabathi akufanele ibe izinhlayiya zobumba.

Lesi sitshalo sikhula kahle ezweni Turf. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, kungcono ukuhlela imbali ngaphansi kwesihlahla. Kubukeka hellebore umbukwane ngaphansi siluhlaza nezihlahla nemithi.

Ukuthuthukiswa engcono zalesi sitshalo kwenzeka on nenhlabathi ane-alikhali noma hlangothi.

Lapho umhlaba esidi, ochwepheshe batusa ukwenza umhlabathi umlotha, lime noma itiye elele. Nge isingeniso njalo yalezi izinto kwenhlabathi angashintsha.

Ezindaweni nge esindayo kweqhwa hellebore cishe akukho ukuthambisa. Meltwater ukuqinisekisa umswakama eyanele. Ezindaweni ezinesomiso, kubalulekile ukuqapha isimo umhlabathi. Kufanele kube izikhathi eziningana isizini ngayinye ngokucebile ukudicilela simila. Kodwa ukuntuleka kwamanzi hellebore ngeke kukulimaze. Ngenxa isakhiwo elukhuni le ukuhwamuka umswakama kusukela amaqabunga imbali kwenzeka ngokulinganisela.

kokwehla

Indlela ukutshala black hellebore kwesokudla? Okokuqala kubalulekile ukulungiselela engajulile square imbobo ubukhulu 25x25 cm. Phakathi sezihlahla izitshalo kufanele ashiye ibanga cm okungenani ezingu-30. Ngesikhathi phansi emgodini udinga ukubeka umquba. Manje, yisithombo kufanele ifakwe ekhosombeni futhi ngobumnene ukusakaza izimpande zezitshalo. Nhlangothi zonke isidingo kancane kancane ufafaze yisithombo cindezela. Ngemva isitshalo kuyadingeka ukuze uthele esiningi amanzi. Ezalandela 3 amaviki kufanele uyophuziswa njalo, ukugwema amanzi esisheshayo futhi amile.

Ukutshala black hellebore cishe njalo uyaphumelela. Phela, lesi sitshalo linesizotha. I umphumela odabukisayo ingatholakala uma usebenzisa eliphansi, izithombo ithenda.

Top sigqoka futhi ukuvundiswa

Empeleni, lesi sitshalo linesizotha futhi ayidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kanye kokukhulelwa. Kodwa abalimi abanolwazi bayazi ukuthi sigqoka - isibambiso izimbali zalo ezinde futhi luningi. Ngakho-ke leli phuzu singalahlekelwa, futhi ukusebenzisa izincomo balimi sabhekana nabo ukuze umkhuba. Futhi believe me, hellebore yakho aphendule lezi izinqubo izimbali enobudlova kanye nokuthuthukiswa amahlamvu smart futhi ekhangayo.

Ngakho, indlela zalisa grade black hellebore? Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo , ungasebenzisa superphosphate kathathu futhi bone kokudla. Iphinde kufanele sinake Umanyolo foliar ne microelements. Le nqubo kumele kwenziwe sezulu efudumele ezinsukwini ecacile futhi yomile.

Abalimi abaningi musa batusa le mbali zalisa ne-nitrogen eningi fertilizer.

Breeding Izindlela hellebore

Hellebore empumalanga futhi omnyama kabanzi landscape design. Lezi zitshalo sihle ku-rock izingadi, rockeries, mixborders. izingadi sasekhaya, lezi zitshalo ukudala nokugqamisa elikhanyayo hhayi kuphela entwasahlobo, kodwa futhi unyaka wonke. Ebusika imbali balimi ujabule oluhlaza elingabuniyo. Phela, lesi sitshalo eziqinile.

Okusakazwa hellebore ngezindlela ezimbili: sokuhlukanisa ehlathini omdala kanye imbewu. Ukutshalwa futhi esiphelweni zalesi sitshalo kwenzeka kuphela endle. Ekhaya, imbali iyeke eziqhakaza.

imbewu esiphelweni

Imbewu ezikhulayo zimovnika indlela kuhilela ukusetshenziswa fresh zokutshala impahla. Uma ukuthenga kufanele sinake usuku ukuvunwa. Qaphela, ngoba ezinyangeni ezingu-6 ngemva kokuvuna, balahlekelwa ikhono lazo ziqhume.

Ukuhlwanyela imbewu black hellebore kufanele uzilungiselele kule esitsheni nge elina Uzithukululile umhlabathi. Kufanele itshalwe at a 1-2 cm ukujula. Njengoba sekunama-amaqabunga yokuqala isitsha kumele ibekwe endaweni emnyama. Kusukela kulo mzuzwana izithombo ukucwila emanzini ngokuphelele. Ngaphambi kokuba atshale nabo emgwaqweni nakanjani kube utshalwe izikhathi eziningana. Eminyakeni 2-3, izitshalo kungenziwa itshalwe unproven ku endaweni ehlala njalo. Repotting is best kwenziwa ekwindla zakuqala, ekupheleni kuka-September. I zimovnika lokuqala izimbali okusakazwa imbewu, uzoqala eneminyaka engu-3.

Lokuzaliswa sokuhlukanisa ehlathini

Ochwepheshe abaningi bangase baphikise ngokuthi hellebore sikhula kancane kancane futhi akakubekezeleli transplanting. Ngakho-ke, zizalela vegetatively Kunconywa ukuba kusetshenziswe ezimweni ezingajwayelekile.

Ukuze sokuhlukanisa ehlathini kufanele ukhethe i isihlahla omdala abaneminyaka engama 3. Ukuhlala engenziwa ngemuva kwesikhathi izimbali. Isihlalo Imbali ezidingekayo ukuze ibanga phakathi sezihlahla babe 30-40 cm. Umhlabathi kumelwe nakanjani babe ezimanzi, okuxekethile, kahle akhanywa.

Lokuzaliswa hellebore ngale ndlela igcwele ingozi, hhayi kuphela izitshalo kodwa ngisho nakubantu. Ngemva le mbali anobuthi. Iconsi juice kungabangela zesikhumba ukusha noma ukuluma kwesikhumba. Ngakho-ke, lapho division kuyodingeka ukhathazeka ngokuphepha kwabo. Kufanele gqoka amagilavu futhi ugweme ukuthintana ngqo izitshalo yomzimba. Uma ijusi sitjalo emzimbeni, kufanele wageza off njengoba agobhozayo ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Lapho ukushukuma kungcono uye kudokotela uyofuna icebiso.

Izinambuzane nezifo

Hellebore kuhlaba amelana izifo eziningi kanye izinambuzane. Ukungakhululeki lesi sitshalo kuletha namagundane, iminenke, slugs kanye aphid. Akuvamile kungabonwa imbali hop hepialidae ohlasela impande. Kulezi zimo kubalulekile ukusebenzisa zinambuzane. Ngo womshini ikhambi kufanele ngokuqinile ulandele izincomo yomenzi.

Ihamba umonakalo helleborus ukhunta Coniothyrium hellebori, okuyinto kuphakamisa ukubonakala amnyama. Lesi sifo lakhula ngokushesha e, isimo sezulu ezimanzi efudumele. Kulokhu, udinga ukuqapha njalo ukuvela amaqabunga amasha elinegciwane wanquma kuwo esikhathini. Futhi imbali kufanele ziphathwe fungicide isinyathelo letindzala.

Inhlanganisela nezinye izitshalo

Ngokuvamile afanekiselwa black hellebore kungabonwa komakhelwane izihlahla ezahlukene nezimbali. Lokhu akusona isimanga. Phela, le mbali ikhula kahle ngaphansi nezihlahla izihlahla lezihlahla. Abalimi ngokuvamile sihlanganise le mbali entwasahlobo nge crocuses zakuqala-zom, Tulips efanele, daffodils kanye hazel, erantisom melkolukovichnymi futhi Scylla. Okuhlobisa amahlamvu hellebore ubukeka ephelele abanamasiko variegated ukuthi ukuthuthukisa ehlobo.

Landscaping futhi hellebore

Ukusebenza of hellebore landscape design kwenzeka lapho wenza shady rock izingadi. Ngenxa ekuqaleni izimbali hellebore ihlobisa Ukwakheka landscape ngoMashi, lapho iqhwa ongakabi kwancibilika. ezihlabayo okuhlobisa enkulu ngokuphelele ukufanisa nge ezahlukene zezitshalo.

Akumele itshalwe izitshalo ezindaweni lapho izingane ukudlala kaningi.