Imvelo yangaphakathi yomzimba nencazelo yayo

Inkulumo ethi "imvelo yangaphakathi yomzimba" yabonakala ngenxa yezinto eziphilayo zeFrance uClaude Bernard, owayehlala ekhulwini le-XIX. Emisebenzini yakhe wagcizelela ukuthi isimo esidingekayo empilweni yomzimba kungukugcina ukuhlala kwendawo yangaphakathi. Leli lungiselelo laba yisisekelo se-theory of homeostasis, eyasungulwa kamuva (ngo-1929) ngumsayense uWalter Cannon.

I-Homeostasis iyisimo esiqinile esivumelana nesimo sangaphakathi, Kanye nemisebenzi ethile yezemvelo. Imvelo yangaphakathi yomzimba ikhiwa ngamanzi amabili - i-intracellular ne-extracellular. Iqiniso liwukuthi yonke iseli yemvelo ephilayo yenza umsebenzi othile, ngakho-ke idinga ukunikezwa njalo kwezakhi kanye ne-oxygen. Futhi uzizwa isidingo sokususa njalo imikhiqizo yokushintshanisa. Izingxenye ezidingekile zingangena egumbini kuphela embusweni oqhekekile, yingakho iseli ngalinye lihlanjululwa ngethambo lomzimba, okudingeka konke okudingekayo ukuze kwenziwe umsebenzi walo obalulekile ekubunjweni kwayo. Libhekisela kulokho okubizwa okuthiwa i-extracellular fluid, futhi lilandisa ngamaphesenti angu-20 wesisindo somzimba.

Imvelo yangaphakathi yomzimba, ehlanganisa i-extracellular fluid, iqukethe:

• I-Lymph (ingxenye yesikhumba somswakama) - 2 amalitha;
• Igazi - ama-3 amalitha;
• Uketshezi kwamanzi - amalitha ayi-10;
• I-Transcellular fluid - cishe ilitha elilodwa (lihlanganisa umgogodla, i-pleural, synovial, i-intraocular fluid).

Zonke zinomumo ohlukile futhi zihlukile ekusebenzeni kwazo Izakhiwo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imvelo yangaphakathi yomzimba womuntu ingaba nomthelela omncane phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa nokudla kwawo. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuhlushwa kwabo kuguquguquka njalo. Isibonelo, inani leshukela egazini lomuntu omdala lingahluka kusuka ku-0.8 kuya ku-1.2 g / l. Uma kwenzeka igazi liqukethe izingxenye ezithile noma ezingaphansi kunalokho okudingekile, lokhu kubonisa ukuba khona kwesifo.

Njengoba sekuphawuliwe, imvelo yangaphakathi yomzimba iqukethe igazi njengenye yezingxenye. Iqukethe i-plasma, amanzi, amaprotheni, amafutha, i-glucose, urea kanye nosawoti wamaminerali. Indawo yayo eyinhloko imithini yegazi (i-capillaries, i-veins, i-arteries). Igazi lenziwa ngenxa yokungena kwamaprotheni, ama-carbohydrate, amafutha, amanzi. Umsebenzi walo oyinhloko yikuhlanganisana kwezitho ezinezindawo zangaphandle, ukulethwa kwezigigaba zezinto ezidingekayo, ukwedlula imikhiqizo yokubola emzimbeni. Ibuye isebenze imisebenzi evikelekile neyomusa.

I-tissu ewuketshezi iqukethe amanzi kanye nezakhi ezivuthwa kuwo, CO ₂ , O ₂ , futhi futhi kusuka kumikhiqizo yokungafihli. Iphakathi kwamaseli wezicubu futhi yenziwa i- plasma yegazi. I-tishu ewuketshezi iyaphakathi kwegazi namaseli. Idlulisela kusuka egazini ukuya kuma-O ₂ amaseli, usawoti wamaminerali, izakhi.

I-Lymph iqukethe amanzi kanye nezinto eziphilayo eziqedwa kuyo . Kuhlelo lwe-lymphatic, oluqukethe ama-capillary lymphatic, izitsha zivuthwe zibe amathanga amabili futhi zigeleza emithanjeni engavuthi. Yakhiwa ngezindleko zezicubu ezinamanzi, ezikhungwini ezitholakala emaphethelweni e-capillaries lymphatic. Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-lymph ukubuyiswa kwezicubu zamanzi kuya kwegazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ihlunga bese ikhubaza izicubu zomzimba.

Njengoba sibona, imvelo yangaphakathi yomzimba iyinhlanganisela yemvelo, i-physico-chemical, ngokulandelana, nezimo zofuzo ezithinta ukuphila komuntu.