Dangerous Flu Virus

SARS ngokuvamile (futhi Umkhuhlane ethile) ungomunye izinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi zezenhlalo. akhawunti Nabantwana 6-8 amacala enyakeni 1, kodwa isiphelile ukuguga, Kuvamisile ukuthi ngandlela-thile encishisiwe. Per omdala ine isilinganiso 3-4 amacala SARS ngonyaka. Sikhishwe yokuthi Umkhuhlane ikakhulukazi kuholela ukukhubazeka kanye nezifo ezifana rhinovirus noma coronavirus ngaphezulu ngokuvamile ibekezelelwe "imilenze", kuyaqondakala ukuthi ukulahlekelwa ukusebenza kanye nesikhathi ukuqeqeshwa ngokuyinhloko ngenxa Umkhuhlane ukutheleleka. Kubalulekile ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba, ikakhulukazi uma umzimba ehlupheka imikhuhlane njalo.

Iphuzu elibalulekile lokuthi kuyinkimbinkimbi Umkhuhlane esiyingozi unika ngokwempilo yangenyama okusezingeni eliphezulu - kufike ku-6% (futhi kwezinye amaqembu, nokuningi). Lezi zibalo efanayo, isibonelo, nge izinga lokufa izifo esesabekayo kakhulu kuhlinzwa, ezifana ukopha zangaphakathi, isilonda perforated noma ileus. Ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba aphathe umkhuhlane ngokushesha.

Kunzima ukusho manje ukuthi uqaphele esintwini Umkhuhlane kuya kweleshumi XX, kodwa ubhubhane "umkhuhlane waseSpain" e olunzima luka-1918-19 uye wabonisa ukuhlobana lesi sifo. Kubalulekile nokukhumbula ukuthi "umkhuhlane waseSpain" luye lwaboniswa Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezedlule, 1st neMpi Yezwe, okwaqala ngo-1914. Iminyaka 4 enkundleni yempi, kwashona amasosha angaphezu kuka-10 million nezinduna, lezakhamuzi ezafa kudlulwe abantu 10 million. Ngemva kwalokho, isintu ayikwazanga ukuqaphela oluzayo futhi olunegazi ngaphezulu 2nd neMpi Yezwe, futhi ukulahlekelwa ingqikithi labantu nabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-20 kwabonakala okwakwenzeka jikelele.

"Umkhuhlane Spanish" ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ithunyelwa kwamanye emhlabeni abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-50, izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-2.5 ngaphezulu kwenani lama zempi. Okwakwenzeka zokulahlekelwa impi egqwalile phambi Ukwesabeka ukulahlekelwa ngenxa igciwane lohlobo.

umkhuhlane bhubhane

Kukholakala ukuthi ubhubhane global Umkhuhlane esiyingozi ubangwa amagciwane soguquko lwegciwane singalawuleka lapho isintu ayinakho amasosha omzimba, lapho izikhathi 2-3 e kwekhulu. Ngo XX leminyaka ngempela kwaba. Bhubhane wokuqala ( "umkhuhlane waseSpain") kwenzeka ngo olunzima luka-1918-19 (influenza virus uhlobo H1N1). Elinegciwane babe angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-550. Abantu (cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yabantu abasemhlabeni wonke) futhi zabulala abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-50.

Ngakusasa Umkhuhlane bhubhane, ebizwa ngokuthi "Asian" (uhlobo umkhuhlane virus N2N2), okwenzeka ngo-1957 futhi wabangela abantu abalinganiselwa ezigidini eziyizigidi ezingu-2. Izimpilo. Ngokusho izibalo ezisemthethweni ukugula kuphela Umkhuhlane bhubhane esikhathini% 20 kuya 50 yomphakathi jikelele.

Ngo-1968, kwaba khona Umkhuhlane lwesithathu bhubhane, ngokuthi "Hong Kong" (influenza virus uhlobo NZN2). Khona-ke, owayesegule cishe 20% labantu, babulala abantu ababalelwa ezigidini ezingu 0.5. Man.

Kungokwemvelo ukuthi esikhathini esizayo esiseduze silindele ukuba Umkhuhlane bhubhane entsha, futhi imiphumela ingaba hhayi kuphela ifaniswe elidumile "umkhuhlane waseSpain", kodwa kunzima nakakhulu ukusebenzelana. Futhi ngo-2009, i-WHO yamemezela ubhubhane entsha, lapho isimo buyinkinga yomhlaba wonke kwaba nzima isibhadalala Umkhuhlane kubantu okubangelwa H1N1 virus (njenge "Spanish Flu"), futhi wathola igama "wezingulube (California) 'umkhuhlane.

novivinyo

Isizathu sokuba "umkhuhlane waseSpain" omusha kungenzeka eminyakeni ezayo akuyona yengulube, futhi "inyoni" umkhuhlane yingozi. Waqale ezilotshwe 1997 (nzima H5N1) e Hong Kong, lapho abantu abangu-18 wagula, futhi 6 babo bafa. Khona - eminyakeni embalwa izikhawu zokuthula, kodwa ebusika 2003-2004 iyisifo viral uye kwatholakala endaweni 8 amazwe ase-Asia - Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Japan, I-Laos, South Korea, Thailand ne-Vietnam. Naphezu olunzima zokwehlukanisa, izikhungo entsha "bird flu" ehlobo lika-2004 uvele Cambodia, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mongolia, China, Thailand ne-Vietnam, futhi ngo-2005 - kakade Russia, Turkey kanye Romania. "Bird Umkhuhlane 'sekufike naseNtshonalanga Yurophu.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi eminyakeni lonke inani amacala "bird flu" akuyona abantu abangaphezu kuka-400, iningi labo 227 baye bafa, naphezu kwengozi engase ivele ka ubhubhane kuphezulu kakhulu. Idlanzana zifo kuphela zingachazwa ngezinqubo yokuthi nje ukuthi umuntu iphuzu ukuphela kwalesi uhlobo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Okusho ukuthi, isifo zidlulele kubantu ezinyonini onesifo abaxhumana nabo noma nge uketshezi yabo kuphela, noma ngokudla noma amaqanda izinyoni onegciwane ukuthi awuzange zabhekana ukwelashwa ukushisa okwanele. Kodwa lincane - akwanele nokuguquka eyodwa nje. Futhi kwanele emzimbeni munye babe nje ezimbili umkhuhlane, enye yazo igciwane of "bird flu". Lokho kuzodingeka igciwane silo unekhono ukusakaza kumuntu nomuntu futhi ngokwempilo yangenyama ngenhla 50%.

Maye, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo zanamuhla akusona isilungele Esimeni esinjalo futhi nangemiphumela engaba khona nesifo esiwubhadane Kunzima ukucabanga.