Budanova Ekaterina Vasilevna: Biography nesithombe

Ekaterina Vasilevna Budanova, biography elichazwa lesi sihloko - a ibutho fighter umshayeli 73rd Guards, Hero zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa. Intombi uLidiya Litvyak. Baphenduka balwa ndawonye.

wakhula kanzima

Budanov Ekaterina wazalwa ngo-December 7, 1916 ku Smolensk esifundeni, e Tumanovska (okwamanje Vyazemskoye) endaweni, edolobhaneni Konoplyanka. Uyise efa ngo-1924, yena, nonina, Alexandra Yakovlevna, wasala nezingane ezinhlanu. Catherine ke nje neminyaka engu-6 ubudala. Unina babengakwazi ukusondla sonke izingane, futhi ukudla uye siswele njalo. Kate ezingamaKristu kwakudingeka zisebenzele kusukela oneminyaka engu-7. Ebusika esafunda, futhi lonke abanye banakekela izingane.

kumiswa

Naphezu wakhula kanzima, Catherine iziqu esikoleni wendawo ngohlamvu creditable. Wayeye maduze ufunde nokuningi, kodwa imali ngoba kwakungeyona. Futhi eseduze iminyaka eyisikhombisa esikoleni kwaba amakhilomitha 14. Kate iziqu zakhe kamuva, lapho kuvela ithuba.

Ngemva kwalokho kwanqunywa wumkhandlu umndeni, ukuthi wayedinga ukuze ufunde kabanzi. Kodwa umama Katya sika engafuni ngisho ukuzwa pilot umsebenzi. Futhi uthumele indodakazi ukuba izihlobo eMoscow. Kodwa kukhona Ekaterina Vasilevna Budanova kodwa wakhetha esivuna amaphupho akhe waya ukufunda ekilabhini flying. Wathweswa iziqu 1934 Khona nezifundo zakhe esikoleni zezindiza. Iphele ke ngo-1936, wabe esengena esikoleni flying Kherson. Ethola iziqu ke ngo-1939

intsha

Kate kusukela ebuntwaneni kwaba ephathekayo, esebenzayo, bejabule futhi inethiwekhi Yesikhashana. Yena wasina futhi bacula kahle. Yena wayethanda zonke - kokubili ekhaya futhi lonke leli dolobhana. Uhlale esesizile owayesekhulile futhi wayengenamahloni kumeluleki esihle kubantu abasha. iphupho wakhe kwakufanele abe umshayeli zesifazane. Walifunda naye okuningi mayelana abantu kulo msebenzi.

umsebenzi Experience

Lapho Budanova Ekaterina Vasilevna wafika eMoscow iqhubeke nesifundo sayo, wenza umsebenzi ngesikhathi Aviation Plant. Gorbunov Fitter. Pioneer baba esikoleni 63rd. Ngemva kokuphothula flying club wasala lapho afike asebenza khona njengonobhala ngomfundisi. Ngaphambi kwempi, wakwazi ukusebenza futhi umshayeli. Mina nengxenye Tushino emoyeni yamathanga.

Ukuqala Patriotic Omkhulu

Ekwindla ka-1941 Budanova Ekaterina Vasilevna Ngafika ngokuzithandela endaweni lapho kwakhiwa regiments zabesifazane. It wayalwa e fighters ingxenye. Kwadingeka ukuba retrained ku umshayeli ukulwa izindiza "Yak-1." Ngemva kokuba ithunyelwe 586-th ibutho zesifazane, elaliholwa Marina Raskova.

Honing amakhono empini ukunqoba lokuqala siqu

Entwasahlobo ka-1942, uCatherine nengxenye izimpi lokuqala Saratov. Yingaleso sikhathi lapho waqala ucije amakhono abashayeli bezindiza esakhé zazo siqu esiyingqayizivele nesitayela. Ekwindla ka-1942 wathunyelwa 437 th Regiment, le kwaseStalingrad phambi. Ngezinye izikhathi kuye kwadingeka ukuba alwe ngababili ngokumelene 12-13 izitha ngesikhathi esisodwa. Noma ezine kuya 19.

Okthoba 6 Budanova Ekaterina Vasilevna, umshayeli lochwepheshe, ukulwa emelene 13 JU-88. Yena iphahlazeka ohlelweni kuka ukuhlakaza isitha, futhi ngesikhathi ucingo lwesibili uye ujenga eliseduze "Junkers". Kwaba ukunqoba wokuqala siqu Ekateriny Budanovoy.

Ngo-November 1942, izimpi air babé obunobudlova kakhulu. pilot Soviet ayevame ukulwa khona ngenombolo aphakeme lesitha. Ngalesi sikhathi, Catherine labhujiswa ezintathu izindiza German.

Phakathi abashayeli engcono. Le miklomelo lokuqala

Ngo-November, kakade elisezingeni uLieutenant yesibili, Budanova Ekaterina Vasilevna, izithombe ezisebusweni lesi sihloko, udumo "abazingeli khulula". Disemba 10, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi fuel kanye nezinhlamvu cishe akukho okunye angakwenza, yangena empini amabili German ME-109. Le mpi yathatha imizuzu 25, kodwa uCatherine ngakwazi ukuletha phansi ngemva kwendiza ephambili.

Ebusika 1943, yena wathunyelwa 73rd Guards ibutho bomlilo. Alwa ibhangqwe L. Litvyak. Bashayeli baba abangane abakhulu. Budanov wanikezwa ukuthembeka egcwele lapho umkhuzi esimisiwe izincekukazi zakhe. Futhi ayebhekana nalo lolungenamaphutsa.

Ngo-1942, Budanova Ekaterina Vasilevna wathola umklomelo wakhe wokuqala - Order of Red Star. Ngo-March aviator abuya "ukuzingela khulula" kanye German spotter isaha, flying ku front line. Catherine waqala ukuphishekela. Kusukela okokuqala lizothola izindiza emincanyana kuhlulekile. I-German kwesokunxele emlilweni, wajika uye wakwenza ngokuzimisela. "Frames" ukusuka kwesokunxele nokungawuvivinyi ngokwanele ukushushiswa. Budanov kodwa futhi ukubambezela futhi cishe ngaphezu komhlabathi namanje usunificile izindiza German ngokubhubhisa ke.

Entwasahlobo futhi Ehlobo lika-1943, uCatherine neqembu ihlaselwe ambalwa fighters isitha nokukodwa webhomu. Ngemva kwalokho, wathola umklomelo efomini Order besizukulwane seMpi Patriotic bezinga lokuqala.

Ukufa nobuqhawe pilot

Budanova Ekaterina Vasilevna, ukuhlolwa umshayeli, wafa ukufa nobuqhawe. Kwathi ngo-July 19, 1943, uCatherine, kanye neqembu lamasosha asibekela "IL-2" Soviet. Baya base emva Storming yimpumelelo lesitha. Fighters Bawalandela baze. Catherine afihle iqembu labaqaphi elingemuva. Waphenduka wabona indoda eziningi ezintathu German ME-109.

Isikhathi sivuliwe kwazenza yayingenamhlabathi, futhi wona wodwa ongene nempi ukungalingani. Wayebona uwine kuye ukunqoba kwakhe nanye. Kodwa, ngeshwa, zinyanga. Izakhamuzi okusha Krasnovka wabukela ukulwa lisemhlabathini. Bebonakala njengoba omunye izindiza German aqala ukuphelelwa izingcezu ngombala waya ezweni Kuvunguza emaweni. Eyesibili emuva. Ngokusobala, futhi zaphazamiseka kakhulu, babaleka endaweni lwempi, izama ukuzibalekela. Kodwa eyesithathu wakwazi knock out fighter Soviet. Ekuqaleni lamane nje wawa phansi, kodwa ngokushesha angabekwa off ngisho lawela ensimini. Abantu bendawo manjalo ngagijimela indiza wakhipha lomzimba wakhe angqongqa umshayeli. Lokhu kwaba uCatherine. Yena ngaquleka. Kodwa amanxeba zazinzima ukuze aviator wafa, ngaphandle ngiphaphama. Wayeneminyaka engu-26 kuphela ubudala.

idumisa zokugcina

emngcwabeni Budanov sika wayethobekile. Yena selibekiwe ukuphumula emaphethelweni edolobhaneni Novo-Krasnovka. Uhanjiswe umyalo isihloko Hero kweSoviet Union, kodwa ngiyitholile kwakhe. Phakathi nempi, Catherine wenza 266 ukulwa izindiza futhi wabhubhisa 11 isitha izindiza.

Budanova Ekaterina Vasilevna ukuthi ngikweluleke zingcwatshwe Meyi 9, 1988 ku Lugansk esifundeni, Antratsit wesifunda, edolobhaneni Bobrikov. Ukuze abafundi balo ethuneni Novokrasnovskoy walunguza uma sekuphume isikole. Leli dolobhana Bobrikov, lapho wafike wafela Ekaterina Budanov, setha isikhumbuzo yayo. I Tretyakov Igalari lilondolozwe ngokudayisa pilot owadala Mukhina, umqophi wezithombe. Mamayev Kurgan kulotshiwe igama Ekateriny Budanovoy.

E-Moscow, igama pilot ngokuthi emgwaqweni lapho ayehlala khona ngaphambi kokuqala kwempi. Futhi olungaphambili lwesonto inombolo esikoleni 63 efakwe a qwembe lwesikhumbuzo. Esikhathini Smolensk esifundeni, edolobhaneni Tumanovo khona Str. Katie Budanov. Ingoma yabhalwa ngesicelo abashayeli esikoleni kwalesi sigodi. Esikhathini Smolensk kukhona Museum of ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe. abasebenzi It singalazisa izinto okwakungokwenkosi Ekaterine Budanovoy.