Elizaveta Romanova. Umlando isimo Russian

Elizabeth Feodorovna Romanova wazalwa 1 Novemba 1864 e Darmstadt. Lingumsekeli ilungu zokuhlonipha noMongameli we-Palestina-Orthodox Society 1905-1917 GG., Umsunguli eMoscow uMarta noMariya Sezindela.

Elizaveta Romanova: A Biography. Ebuntwaneni Nomkhaya

Kwakuwusuku Indodakazi yesibili Ludwig IV (Duke Hesse-Darmstadt) futhi Princess Alice. Ngo-1878, umndeni wabanjwa idiphtheria. Akukhona nje ogulayo Elizabeth Romanova, iNdlovukazi u-Alexandra (omunye walab 'odade abasebasha). Lesi sakamuva kwaba eRussia futhi kwaba ngomfazi uNicholas II. Idiphtheria umama ashona Princess Alice kanti eyesibili udadewabo omncane Maria. Ngemva kokufa kumkayise Ella (ngakho okuthiwa u-Elisabethe umndeni) washada Alexandrina Hutten-Czapska. Izingane ezikhuliswa ikakhulukazi nogogo wakhe Osborne House. Kusukela ebuntwaneni, u-Ella safaka imibono engokwenkolo. Useke iqhaza ezindabeni yesihle, wathola izifundo ku izindlu. Lokubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni kamoya ka-Ella kwadingeka isithombe St Elizavety Tyuringskoy, abadumile esiza abantulayo. Kubhekwe ngisabone suitor Fridrih Badensky (umzala wakhe). Esikhathini esithile oqomisanayo Elizabeth Umqhele Prince Wilhelm yasePrussia. Naye kwakudingeka umzala wakhe. Ngokusho imithombo eminingana, uWilhelm okuphakanyiswe Ella, kodwa yena wakwenqaba.

Grand Duchess Elizaveta Romanova

3 (15) ngo-June 1884 emkhandlwini enkantolo lidlule lomshado Ella no-Sergey Alexandrovich, umfowabo u-Alexander III. Ngemva komshado umbhangqwana wazinza esigodlweni Beloselsky-Belozersky. Kamuva, wamangalelwa ngokuthi uSergiyu. I kukankosikazi senzeka ngo Ilyinsky, lapho kamuva Elizabeth Feodorovna Romanova nomyeni wakhe futhi waphila. Ngesikhathi ukuphikelela ka-Ella ubuphansi kwaba Isibhedlela ongakasetshenzwa abangu Fairs njalo abalimi.

umsebenzi

Duchess Elizaveta Romanova kwase yingcweti Russian. Evuma YamaProthestani, esafunda yokukhulekela eSontweni Lobu-Orthodox. Ngo-1888, wabenzela pilgrimage nomlinganakhe Holy Land. Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu, ngo-1891, Elizaveta Romanova bamukela ubuKristu. Njengoba ngaleso sikhathi kosikazi busi-jikelele eMoscow, wahlela zokunikela. Umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala kwenziwa kuleli dolobha, bese ukusakaza emaphandleni. Kuzo zonke isifundazwe ezifundeni kwamiswa Elizabeth amakomiti. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umka Governor General wahola Ladies 'Society, futhi baba usihlalo Esibomvu ka uMnyango eMoscow ngemva kokushona komyeni wakhe. Ekuqaleni le ilwa neJapane Elizaveta Romanova ke isungule ikomiti ekhethekile ukusiza amasosha. I ezibiyele Palace ngeminikelo amasosha yesikhwama yasungulwa. In isitokwe abangu sithenge amabhandeshi, izingubo ngithunga uya iphasela, kwakhiwa ibandla belungele ukuhamba.

Ukushonelwa umngane womshado

Phakathi nokubusa uNicholas II, leli zwe kubhekene injabulo wamavukelambuso. Wakhombisa ngazo futhi Elizaveta Romanova. Izincwadi aziloba yena ukuba uNicholas, wakubeka sokuma ngempela ezinzima ku ephikisayo ukwesaba wamavukelambuso. Februwari 4, 1905, uSergei Alexandrovich wabulawa Ivanom Kalyaevym. Elizabeth Feodorovna lusizi ukulahlekelwa. Kamuva, waya umbulali abasemajele wanika intethelelo egameni womshado oshonile kokushiya Kalyaev Gospel. Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-Elizabethe Feodorovna wanxusa UNicholas ukuxolelwa lobugebengu. Noma kunjalo, kwakungakabi unganelisekile. Ngemva kokufa umlingani Elizabeth Romanova isikhundla sakhe phezu kwensika uMongameli Palestina Orthodox Society. Kuleli qhaza lethu, eseneminyaka kusuka 1905 kuya 1917

Kumila uMarta noMariya Sezindela

Ngemva kokufa umlingani Ella zazidayisa izinto zokuhloba. Kudluliswa kuMgcinimafa ukuthi ahlukane, ayeba lwamakhosi "Romanov", Elizabeth ukuqhutshwa wathenga mansion ku Bolshaya Ordynka enengadi esikhulu izindlu ezine. Lapha Marfo-Mariinsky Sezindela Kwahlelwa. Sisters ngokwenza izenzo yesihle, imisebenzi yezokwelapha. Ekuhleleni sezindela yasetshenziselwa nasemasontweni obu-Orthodox futhi European isipiliyoni yasekhaya. Babehlala Emizini udadewabo alethwe izifungo yokulalela, ubumsulwa non-yimpahla. Ngokungafani nokuphila lezindela, kamuva isikhathi bavunyelwa nokuba baphume Isigodlo futhi ukwakha umndeni. Odade Uthole ukulungiselela sína, methodological, engqondweni nangokomoya. Izinkulumo kwakuyizindlela engcono eMoscow odokotela, nezingxoxo abangu ukusebenzisa umambuli uyise Mitrofan Srebryanskaya (kamuva owaba Archimandrite uSergiyu) nobaba Eugene Synada.

umsebenzi sezindela

Elizaveta Romanova kuhlelwe ukuthi luhlobo zizonikezwa a usizo oluphelele, wezokwelapha, ngokomoya zemfundo bonke abantu abadinga usizo. Abazi nje ukunikeza ukudla nezingubo zokugqoka, kodwa futhi bavame wahlanganyela emisebenzini yawo nokubekwa ezibhedlela. Odade wanxusa imikhaya ngokuvamile ukuthi akukho abebengakwenza ukuze banikeze izingane zabo imfundo efanele, ukuze ibanike yokukhosela. Lapho, wathola okuhle ukunakekelwa, umsebenzi, imfundo. Isibhedlela wasebenza ngawo Isigodlo, kwadingeka umtholampilo sakhe, ikhemisi, ezinye izidakamizwa okwakukhona khulula. Futhi wasebenza yokukhosela, kwaba ekamelweni lokudlela kanye nezinye izikhungo eziningi. Izinkulumo zemfundo Ukuvikelwa Isonto aphethwe kanye izinkulumo, imihlangano yayiqhutshwa futhi Palestina Orthodox Geographic Society, kanye neminye imisebenzi. Elizabeth, usahlala yesigodlo, wayephila ukuphila okumatasa. Ebusuku, waqikelela we ukugula abangwe nezibi noma ukufunda Psalter phezu oshonile. Emini wasebenza kanye nabanye odade: indiva omakhelwane ampofu kakhulu, waya ngokuzimela Khitrov emakethe. Lesi sakamuva kubhekwa ngesikhathi endaweni iningi criminogenic eMoscow. Kusuka lapho, ke wasusa abasha kuholela yokukhosela. Elizabeth inhlonipho ngedumela ngalo yena njalo igcinwe, bikho ezibabaza abakhileyo imijondolo.

Ukusungulwa isitshalo wokufakelwa

Phakathi Okokuqala Umhlaba Elizabeth yena wahileleka kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ibutho isiRashiya, osiza eyayilimele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo uzama ukusekela neziboshwa zempi, egade izibhedlela eziminyene. Ngalesi kamuva ubesolwa ubambisene amaJalimane. Ekuqaleni kuka-1915 lapho esungulwe nosizo olungokoqobo se workshop lenhlangano izingxenye eseqedile ka lokufakelwa kwezitho. Iningi izinto ezilethwa ke kusukela Petersburg, kusukela embonini imikhiqizo yezokwelapha lempi. It eziqhutshwa ehlukile workshop zokufakelwa. Lokhu umkhakha yasungulwa kuphela ngo-1914. Izimali inhlangano workshop e Moscow kuqoqwa iminikelo. Njengoba impi ihamba isidingo imikhiqizo anda. Ngokusho isinqumo weKomidi Princess womshini lokufakelwa kwezitho lihlehliselwe kusuka kwindlela Trubnikovsky ku Maronovsky endlini 9th. Nge ukubandakanywa siqu umsebenzi walo 1916 kwaqala kudvweba nekwakhiwa isitshalo wezwe wokuqala wokufakelwa, nesebenzela namuhla, ukukhulula izingxenye.

ukubulala

Ngemva amaBolshevik wafika amandla Elizaveta Romanova wenqaba ukushiya Russia. Waqhubeka bezikhandla esigodlweni sezindela. Meyi 7, 1918, uTikhon kugujwa isiguqo, futhi ngemva isigamu sehora ngemva kokuba Elizabeth waboshwa ngomyalo Dzerzhinsky. Yena kamuva wasithumela Perm, wabe esedlulela Ekaterinburg. Yena nabanye amalungu Romanov lwamakhosi yafakwa ehhotela "Atamanovskie izinombolo." Ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-2, bathunyelwa Alapaevsk. Kanye Romanovs nodadewabo ukuwo Isigodlo Varvara. Ngo Alapaevsk ababekuso esikoleni ongaphandle. Eduze isakhiwo ezikhulayo apula wakhe, okuyinto, ngokusho legend, Wawusemhlabathini ngu-Elizabeth. Ngobusuku buka-5 (18) Julayi 1918 zonke iziboshwa badutshulwa aphonswe usaphila (ngaphandle Sergei Mikhailovich) emayini entsha. Selimskaja, 18 km kusuka Alapaevsk.

interment

October 31, 1918 emhlophe kuqala ungene ngemvume Alapaevsk. Amanxiwa ezindawo ababulawa ikhishelwe kusukela emayini wabekwa amabhokisi. Bakhandwa ubekwe Umngcwabo esontweni ngezinye emathuneni komuzi. Kodwa lapho kuqala Amayunithi iRed Army ngcwaba izikhathi eziningana zithutha kujana East. Ngo-Beijing ngo-Ephreli 1920, bahlangana-Archbishop Innocent, inhloko-Russian Ecclesiastical Mission. Ukusuka lapho, amabhokisi Yelizaveta Fyodorovna nodade uBarbara kuhanjiswe ku Shanghai, bese e Port Said futhi ekugcineni eJerusalema. Burial senziwe ngoJanuwari 1921, Umbhishobhi omkhulu eJerusalema Damian. Ngakho kwagcwaliseka intando Elizabeth, obonakaliswe 1888, ngesikhathi waya iZwe Elingcwele.

ukukhazinyuliswa

Ngo-1992, uMkhandlu WabaBhishobhi Grand Duchess nodadewabo Varvara abangu abagcotshwa. Bakhandwa kufakwe Abafel 'ukholo okusha futhi izono Cathedral Russia. Ngaphambi nje kokuba leyo, ngo-1981, base abagcotshwa njengosanta yiSonto Lobu-Orthodox phesheya.

izinsalela

Kusukela 2004 kuya 2005, base Russia, emazweni aseBaltic kanye CIS. Bakhonza angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-7 abantu. Njengoba kuphawuliwe Alexy II, emide zabantu izinsalela novomuchents ungobunye ngokubhapathizwa njengesibonakaliso sokuphenduka ngenjongo izono, abonisa kubuye izwe ukuze indlela zomlando. Khona-ke babuyela eJerusalema.

Izigodlo namathempeli

Ukuze kuhlonishwe Elizabeth Feodorovna amasonto abambalwa eRussia kanye Belarus. Ngesisekelo ulwazi ngo-Okthoba ka-2012 equkethwe ulwazi mayelana 24 amathempeli, altare main which busisa yakhe, 6 - lapho omunye ngaphezulu, kanye yethempeli elalisanda kwakhiwa, futhi 4 Izindlwana. Basuke etholakala emizini ezilandelayo:

1. EYekaterinburg.
2. Kaliningrad.
3. Belousov (Kaluga esifundeni.).
4. P. Chistye Bory (Kostroma esifundeni.).
5. Balashikha.
6. Zvenigorod.
7. Krasnogorsk.
8. Odintsovo.
9. Lytkarino.
10. Shchelkovo.
11. Shcherbinka.
12. D. Kolotskoe.
13. P. Diveevo (Nizhny Novgorod esifundeni.).
14. Nizhny Novgorod.
15. S. WengerofFs (Novosibirsk.).
16. Orel.
17. Bezhetsk (Tver esifundeni.).

zobukhosi engeziwe emasontweni:

1. Saints amathathu e Spassk-Elizarovskaya Monastery (Pskov esifundeni.).
2. Ascension (Nizhny Novgorod).
3. Ilia umprofethi (Ilinskoe, Moskovskaya obl., Krasnogorskij rn).
4. Sergiya Radonezhskogo futhi Martyr Elizabeth (Ekaterinburg).
5. ONgcwele uMsindisi e Usov (eMoscow reg.).
6. Ngaphakathi the gama of St Elizabeth Fedorovny (eYekaterinburg).
7. Nokucabanga. Virgin (Kurchatov, eKursk esifundeni.).
8. St Prepodobnomuchenitsy Veale. Princess Elisavety (Scherbinka).

Izindlwana asezindaweni orel, Petersburg, ngaya eYoshkar-Ola, e Zhukovsky (eMoscow reg.). Uhlu database ulwazi liqukethe ulwazi mayelana esontweni endlini. Basuke etholakala izibhedlela nezinye izikhungo zenhlalakahle, musa ezakhiweni ehlukile, futhi kukhona izakhiwo esakhiweni nokunye.

isiphetho

Selokhu kwathi nhló Elizaveta Romanova wazama ukusiza abantu, ngokuvamile, bese lokho kulimaza bona. Kwakukhona, mhlawumbe, akayena umuntu oyedwa ababengeke ihlonishwe ngaso sonke isikhathi izimo zakhe. Ngisho ngesikhathi Revolution, lapho ukuphila kwakhe kusengozini, walishiya Russia nase babhukula bawenza umsebenzi. Ngo isikhathi esinzima ezweni Elizaveta Romanova wanikela lonke amandla abantu abadinga usizo. Ngenxa wakhe, wasinda izimpilo ezingenakubalwa eRussia wathola embonini wokufakelwa, zokukhosela izingane kanye nezibhedlela. Abaphila Besikhathi wathola mayelana nokuboshwa, bamangala kakhulu, ngoba babengakucabangi nakukucabanga ukuthi kuyingozi kwakungase predstvalyat ngoba amandla Soviet. 8 Juni 2009 umshushisi Jikelele Russian Federation Elizaveta Romanova avuselelwa kwakhe.