Kumiswa, Indaba
Andropov Yuriy Vladimirovich. izinqubomgomo Andropov sika. Andropov - Biography. umholi wase-USSR
Ngu Ngesikhathi eseneminyaka engu-isazi esidumile ohlelweni amandla isimo. Kwakuwusuku izinqubomgomo yobudala: izifakazo Inqubomgomo wathola eneminyaka engu-engu-69. Ukuze uqhathanise, uStalin kwaba iminyaka engu-42 N. S. Hruschevu - 59, L. I. Brezhnevu - 57. Njengoba ubona, zonke umholi yangaphambilini ye-USSR wathatha amandla ezandleni zabo, nokuba kakhulu kunaye. Kusho ukuthini lokhu? Mhlawumbe iqiniso lokuthi lo muntu waya umgomo wakhe isikhathi eside kakhulu. Ngakho, lapho kufika isikhathi, wathatha amandla njengawo apula azithathe. Phela, eqinisweni ethonyeni lawo evelele aphakeme wombuso kanye party izakhiwo kungukuthi uphikise yinoma ubani. Ngokungafani nabaholi odlule kungekho Andropov akazange abeke phambili, ukuthi wakwenza kwaba ngokwakhe.
Biography wangempela Ebuntwaneni Zize Zikhule
Hard ukubhala mayelana ukuphila komuntu, ukuba Umlandvomphilo ezimbili - olusemthethweni kanye langempela. Ngo Yuri Vladimirovich mystically okuphindaphindiwe inani izimpilo 15: usuku lokuzalwa - Juni 15, 1915; yasungulwa ngo usuku lokuzalwa - 15.06.1914 r. iminyaka engu-15, wahola i-KGB, ukudala iminyango 15 lapho futhi ekugcineni - izinyanga 15 leliya lizwe. Ngokusobala, bonke onobhala jikelele wase-USSR babe izimfihlo zabo, kodwa, ngokusho kwezazi-mlando, Yuri Andropov kubo ukwedlula abanye. Ngakho-ke thina ingalo thina izifundo (S. Chertoprud, "Yuri Andropov: izimfihlo usihlalo KGB") futhi uzame ukuqonda okuthile ngokunamandla kangaka ukuphila komuntu, okuyinto (zamehlo, nakanjani) KGB nozakwethu ngokuthi "usihlalo" futhi "abakhandi".
Ake uqale nge biography langempela. Unobhala jikelele wokuqala umsuka Jewish "bathole" intatheli Mark Steinberg. igama eziphilayo kayise Velv Lieberman futhi igama likanina kwakungu Genia Fleckenstein. Wazalelwa izinqubomgomo esizayo inxuluma ezine eMoscow, futhi namuhla vysyaschemsya ngaphansi inombolo 26 emgwaqeni. Bolshaya Lubyanka. Umkhulu wahlanganyela imigexo ibhizinisi, ngokuthi Karlom Frantsevichem Fleckenstein. Endlini yakhe wazalwa Gregory Velvovich Lieberman (kamuva - Andropov Yuriy Vladimirovich). Umama kuze 1913 wafundisa umculo sokuzivocavoca elite Mizbaha kwabesifazane. Khona-ke, ngo-1917, umama nendodana ngokuzumayo bazithola endaweni entsha - esiteshini Nagutskaya laseStavropol Territory. Siyini isizathu salokhu? ezimpini Jewish enhlokodolobha. Ngo-1915, lokhu kucekwa kwesizwe wayeqale ukusebenza Tsindel Schrader namafektri, umangalele ukuphila kumkhulu wakhe.
Futhi unina (indodana ka into ngisho kancane) ngesikhathi efika endaweni entsha yokuhlala kushintsha yomlando wakhe. Wafika lapho washada no uVladimir Andropov, isisebenzi ujantshi. eshonelwa ngumyeni wakhe eminyakeni emibili kamuva, ukugula kanye yesifo sezintwala. Ngawo lowo nyaka, Evgeniya Andropova ashade nomunye railwayman - Victor Alexandrovich Fedorov.
Ekupheleni inqubomgomo eneminyaka eyisikhombisa kwegama ikusasa igama usingayise wakhe UGrigory Vladimirovich Andropov-Fedorov. Njengoba ukwaziwa kwaleli gama Gregory waphendukela Yuri futhi iqedwe ingxenye igama lesibili kuseyimpicabadala.
legend
projectionist oneminyaka engu-18 ubudala kusuka Mozdok Andropov Yuriy Vladimirovich wabhala yomlando wakhe, sabasebenzi legend laseStavropol for yokwemukela Rybinsk River College. Ngesikhathi umama wakhe eshona (noma mhlawumbe hhayi, kusukela kumadokhumenti ezahlukene Yuri eshiya nezinsuku eziphikisanayo: 1929, 1930, 1931). Ufanelanisa lokho lo vitae lwezifundo we "imvelo yesigaba sabasebenzi", kusale lutho 'sendawo yabo izimpande wobunxiwankulu. " Ekulandiseni kwakhe, wazalwa ngobusuku 06/15/1914 e laseStavropol Krai, unina - a foundling, wakhulela Umndeni kumklami (Umkhulu ushintshe umsebenzi) Fleckenstein, noyise - Andropov uVladimir (Nalapha futhi inkinga, umama ayikwazanga ngesikhathi esifanayo ukufundisa umculo 1914-1916 iminyaka e Moscow, futhi uthele futhi ukukhulisa indodana ku laseStavropol esifundeni).
Ngisafunda ekolishi
Ngemva kokuthola iziqu ekolishi ngo-1936, washiya ukusebenza kuwo uNobhala nesikhathi i-Komsomol. Isifiso useyili itilosi bebungekho. Qaphela ukuthi secondary education amakhono empeleni kuphela ephathini umsebenzi esikhathini esizayo. ukuqeqeshwa Isiqephu e Petrozavodsk State University akakwazi ngokuthi nokulitadisha ngokujulile. Ephakeme Party School, okuyinto iphela, njengoba asebenza party, bonke onobhala jikelele wase-USSR wanikela "uqweqwe". Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokwesiko isikole sesiphelile engekho futhi ngaphandle luhlolo.
Abantu abasha bayaqhubeka career abo njengoba umholi Komsomol. Ngokushesha, ngo-1937, wathunyelwa komsorgom Rybinsk Shipyard ke - ku Yaroslavl Regional Committee i-Komsomol.
I Party Komsomol umsebenzi
Kodwa phakathi leli gagasi ekuqothulweni zezombusazwe kwenziwe zonke zamatshe nomphakathi wamaSoviet, kusukela kubantukazana kuye lo nomenklatura party. Andropov Yuriy Vladimirovich zashayela wathatha "ibhizinisi elisha" umoya izikhathi futhi aphumelela ngayo. Ngokusho kobufakazi umbhali Sergei Viktorovich Chertoprud abesebenze imibhalo ezigciniwe, le nsizwa ngokushesha "bathole" ukuthi wonke amalungu lekomiti yesifunda ye-Bureau (ngaphandle unobhala lokuqala) - izitha. Batshala. Ucabangani, kungani? Nokho, unobhala ngowokuqala "uthole" ngisho steeper - edutshulwa.
Kanjani ukuthuthukisa i-career kwi-Komsomol Yuri kulokhu? Ngokukhulu ukushesha:
- 05,1937 - Akhethwe CPSU (b);
- 09,1937, le - ikhanda. UMnyango ukuphayona futhi abafundi Rybinsk ekomidini emzini Komsomol;
- 10,1937 g - adluliselwe eKomidini Regional Yaroslavl;
- 11,1937 g - iBamba III-rd UNobhala weKomidi Regional Yaroslavl;
- 12,1938, le - I-st uNobhala we-Committee Regional Yaroslavl; inothi wenza aphoyintimenti umuntu ngingabazi isikhathi party (ngokusobala, bacabanga namanye amasevisi we-);
- 02,1939, le - yokutholwa iqembu.
ngomshado wokuqala
"Ashile ngokuyenza ibe umlotha" e-Komsomol, Yuri Andropov ashade ekolishi iziqu Rybinsk Engalycheva Nina Ivanovna. Yena livela izinceku abacebile umndeni, uyise - umqondisi egatsheni State Bank. Young livela izingane ezimbili, ngo-1937, indodakazi Valeria, kwathi ngo-1939 - indodana Volodya. Umfazi ukutadisha eLeningrad, umphenyi futhi uyenqaba hamba kanye nomyeni wakhe ukuzokwenza Karelia, lapho wathunyelwa umsebenzi Komsomol. Umkhaya amakhefu.
isigaba Karelian
Young isisebenzi lisebenza ngo-1940 wayiswa ngokomthetho ngonyaka ofanayo Lithuanian SSR kuya mina isikhundla likaNobhala iKomiti Central of Komsomol. Ngo elifanayo 1940 yena ohlukanisile ashade Engalycheva Lebedeva Tatyana Filippovna. Owesifazane ayemthanda.
Ngokusho version esemthethweni Yuri Andropov wahola abashokobezi ka Karelia, okuyiwona ngo-1944 waklonyeliswa Order of the Red Banner. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi le Iqiniso liwukuthi uhambisane iqiniso, asazi, ngoba sibhekene nge hoaxer abanamakhono.
Ngakho-ke, siyothembela imibhalo. Lapho kukhona umqondo: akukho indondo "Ukuze anqobe eMpini Patriotic Omkhulu" noma ngendondo "Ukuze yokukhululwa Karelia", umklomelo uhlu okwakukhona izinduna ngqo phambili, Yuri ayizange.
Akusiyo imfihlo ukuthi Karelia nge Andropov, mina-st uNobhala Karelian YCL, hhayi yafinyelela ubunjalo unobhala lokuqala Karelian Regional Party iKomiti GN Kupriyanov. Ngo Umlando wakhe, athi zenziwa Yuri Vladimirovich wobugwala "wobugwala." Emazwini akhe, umholi Komsomol skilfully wathumela abashokobezi futhi ukuqasha abantu, kodwa uqobo kakhulu wesabe elwa (IA Minutko "Yuri Andropov ..."). Lokho "ubuqhawe" enjalo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kamuva wakwazi ukuthatha esitokisini futhi Kupriyanov, futhi eziningi abasebenzi ngaphansi komhlaba, ngokwethembeka wasebenza ngemuva imigqa isitha, osenesikhathi "Komsomolets" Andropov. Biography of indoda engu-10 esebenza njengesazi iPhini esuka kude impela eLeningrad Kupriyanov esolwa kumqashi wakhe ebugebengwini non-akukho, kwaphawula esinye eqa enkonzweni. isazela Inherent wafikelwa conjuncture: Malenkov futhi Beria abaphathi kuzihlanza ukuncintisana nabo emzabalazweni e Leningrad esifundeni.
Mina kufanele basho ukuthi Yuri waqokwa Kuboshwe uNobhala mina-st we lekomiti yesifunda? Gennadiy Kupriyanov ngadonsa engu-10, bese waphuma, wakhuluma N. S. Hruschevu, futhi L. I. Brezhnevu, Andropov, okubonisa indima ekuphileni kwakhe. It wabuyiselwa elisezingeni jikelele, kodwa Andropov awuzange wathinta.
umsebenzi zamanxusa
Ukufa Stalin futhi Beria, abashisekeli yakhe cishe kwabonakala kuye ekupheleni emhlabeni futhi i-force majeure, akazange alindele izenzakalo ezinjalo Andropov. Umlando wakhe yayingaphelelanga, ka umsebenzi ezisengozini ekuqhubeni icala lakhe Karelian futhi Yaroslavl. Nokho, ukunakekelwa namanje weza - kumuntu Otto Kuusinen, usihlalo iCommunist Party of Lithuanian SSR. Wabancoma Andropov Ministry Foreign - nomsebenzi zamanxusa e-Hungary.
Lapho befika kule ndawo, le elisanda kutholakala abathakazelelwayo inxusa, ekwindla ka-1956 waqala kazwelonke yenkhululeko enamandla lakhula laba zabhikisha kuleli zwe. Ngokuzithandela wathatha elizimisele osemqoka ukucindezelwa we ohlakaniphile ukunyakaza Andropov Yuriy Vladimirovich. Umlando wakhe kwaphawulwa jesuitically entsha. Ikakhulukazi, wakwazi ukuba abaphambe uhulumeni Imre Nadya, siqinisekise kuye ukuthi eSoviet Union unesithakazelo Hungary yeningi. Ngaleyo ndlela izingxoxo ekhohlisayo ukuphazanyiswa ukunakwa kusukela ayehlasela Soviet langempela futhi imenze iziphathimandla zikahulumeni János Cadore. Lapho Imre Nagy wabalekela lenxusa zaseYugoslavia amasosha aseSoviet, Andropov "omjwayele" esethembise ukumsiza ukuba ahambe kulelo zwe, bese ngomoya ophansi kubaqoqi ukuba abantu babulawelwe kuzo. Wanikela nakwezempi Hungarian enisezweni enkanjini zase-USSR, ayethi abahambe insimu futhi ebanikeza "izwi udumo" lokuthi ayengakhishwa wathinta. Ngokufanayo, smiling, wakhaphela ubudlova omunye abahleli kuvukela, isikhulu samaphoyisa Sándor Kopachi.
Ngemva kokuphothulwa ukusebenza e-Hungary Andropov wahlala omunye unyaka kuleli lizwe njengoba umbusi waseSoviet, okuholela kukhukhula sokugcina izihlubuki.
Hungary namanje ukhumbula "ohlakaniphile wezimpi ezalandela."
I Central Committee of the CPSU
Ngemva Hungary, kusukela ngo-March 1957, ngomyalo wabaholi N. S. Hruscheva e LamaKhomanisi ejoyina Inhloko entsha uMnyango - Andropov Yuriy Vladimirovich. Biography futhi zambopha eliphakeme, enikeza i sekwenza wokubambisana sangaphambilini Beria. Ngemva kweminyaka emine, ngo-1961 waba ilungu leKomiti Central. Nomfutho ilungu leQembu eyakhelene abazoshada wing party L. I. Brezhneva futhi ehlanganyela displacement we uNobhala Jikelele Khrushchev 1964. Ngo ukwazisa inkonzo leonid uBrezhnev wammisa ikhanda wama-KGB.
Sizivumele kokubuka kafushane ubunjalo ikhanda entsha ye-KGB. Andropov bathandile ukukhombisa amandla abo. Nasi isibonelo: Ihhovisi lwezikhalazo iKomiti Central ngo-December 25, 1970 Yuri ubonisa ukuthi uzikhathalela yayo mayelana ukugeleza anda izincwadi ezivela phesheya ngokuqondene uNcibijane ngokumelene N. S. Hruscheva, futhi iphakamisa ukuthi ubeke umkhawulo ukugeleza. Wakwenzelani lokho? Impendulo: yangaphambili uNobhala Jikelele we-CPSU Khrushchev lapho ucabangela izisebenzi izinqumo kanye ukubeka phambili hhayi Andropov, echaza isinqumo yokungabi nokuhlangenwe nakho yamuva lenhlangano umsebenzi kwezomnotho noma zokuphatha.
I-KGB
iminyaka engu-15, futhi phakathi naleso Andropov kwaholela iKomiti Yokuphepha Yezwe, kukhona ukukhuluma ngazo. Yakha izizathu zabo phezu kunobufakazi bofakazi. ilungu Politburo Vadim Andreevich Medvedev ekuyi uthi imihlangano Andropov esivuna leonid Ilyich ukuvumela izilaleli embikweni wesimo waso umbono. CPSU uNobhala Jikelele L. I. uBrezhnev ezindaweni eziningi wathembela ngokuphelele grey ukuphakama kwakhe, induna-KGB.
Ngaphansi kobuholi lokhu umnyango kusuka Andropov kakhulu isandla ekulwisaneni "izakhi ezimelene namaSoviet". Umsebenzi deftly wagomela ukuthi apharathasi ususuthi wama-KGB kuyinto mkhuba kwezikhathi. 15 iminyango ejensi e zonke izindlela ukuze athonye abantu ukuba abantu babe nemibono (ke kwadingeka ukuba bafake isandla yisiphi isikhungo).
Andropov lasetshenziswa kokuxazulula - ukwelashwa esibhedlela sabagula ngengqondo. Of ngokwethembeka, ukucabangela, abaphikisi olunezimiso, abasebenza ngenyama, odokotela ukwenza "zemifino." Futhi yafakwa elihambayo. ingcindezi Hard yabekwa art lesichubekako: Lenk, Taganka Theatre, omagazini "INguqulo Yezwe Elisha", "Youth." Lwenziwe ngezinye izikhathi umzabalazo kungazwakali nge eyamukelwayo, uthola ifomu eshintshashintshayo. Ngokusho V. Fedorova ababebheka zesigaba esiphezulu enhlanganweni yaKhe-KGB, Andropov mathupha republic eziholela izinhlelo mangaki eyamukelwayo ukuboshwa.
Ziqinile Futhi ezifihliwe izakhamuzi futhi isimo amandla imfihlo mpo eyakhelwe Andropov. I-KGB, isibonelo, ngo-1976, olwenziwa umsebenzi izifo, inezinkulungwane ezingamashumi 68. Izakhamizi. Lokhu kubhekisela ingcindezi zokuziphatha nokusabisa ejele. Ngo ejele isiboshwa sezombusazwe wayehlezi 851, zazo 261 - ngesizathu bagqugquzela ukuba kuvukelwe amaSoviet.
Lapho Yuri Vladimirovich Special Forces zadalwa yokulwa nobuphekula ngaphakathi ezweni, "Alpha" futhi phesheya - "Vympel". Ukulungiselela vympelovtsev umxhwele, ukuze "ukusebenza nabantu", Lezi zinqola bakwazi ngisho izinkanyezi ulwazi.
Yini wakhonza ngempela Andropov?
Ngemva kokubukeza lonke biography yangaphambilini ye ilungu CPSU Central Committee, kube ukuzikhohlisa bakholelwa ukuthi Yuri wavele wayeka umsebenzi wakhe, uzoyeka izindololwane nokuqhuba yonke endleleni yayo, ikakhulu njengoba imizamo yakhe kwalethwa i ithuluzi enamandla kangaka yokukhangwa amandla, i-KGB, walalela imiyalo yakhe. Wayezethemba ngokuphelele futhi wathuthukisa uBrezhnev. Andropov ukuyisebenzisa.
Kusukela ngo-1979, waqala push abavikela wakhe izixazululo ukwehluleka. Ikakhulu, i-mbono lokukhwabanisa ngesethulo amabutho e-Afghanistan, kwathiwa batshala-KGB abakhulu. Emhlanganweni kuZibandlela Politburo wavuswa kwabafileyo isihlangu kuyinto disinformation ecacile mayelana ukusungula i sompristi Islamic nenhloko-dolobha yalo e-Turkey. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhanda wama-KGB yabona nethemba Melika kuhlala ekhatsi Afghanistan naphakathi-range ezicitshwayo. Yikuphi Yebo, i-United States akakwazanga ngisho ukucabanga. Phela, ingozi ukuthunyelwa kwezikhali zenuzi kwaba ngaphezu okusezingeni eliphezulu kuleli zwe yezinxushunxushu engakaze ibe khona. Kuyinto ukusebenza akahlanye kwaholela ngokubeka amasosha ethu e-Afghanistan, ukulahlekelwa 14,000th futhi eneminyaka engu-10 ubudala impi songenangqondo. Ngingathanda ukuthatha indawo "ethandekayo leonid Ilyich," Andropov? Photo izikhathi zakhe 80, uma wazi physiognomy, uyakufakazela lokhu. Amehlo akhe - ukuba yizikhonzi shazi.
Elihambayo nokufa Politburo
It unxusa umbuzo inselele owandile 80s mkhuba kunalokho okukhathazayo nokufa kwamalungu Politburo. Lo mbuzo, yebo, kuyimpicabadala. Nokho, anomaly of into enjalo, njengoba ukusakazwa kwezindaba Inani labantu ababulawa engu-80 kwaba amalungu Politburo, yebo, ziyethusa.
Ingabe-ke umgomo imfihlo Andropov? Okutholakele ngeke bawenze, kodwa sibheke amaqiniso.
26/04/1976, ushonele endaweni ilungu leKomiti Central, uNgqongqoshe wezokuVikela leKomiti Central Grechko Andrey Andreevich. Siphila iminyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa ubudala, wayengumuntu ohloniphekile yobudala bayo nezemidlalo: walithanda ukugijima, ibhola lomphebezo, wayephila ukuphila okumatasa, isikhathi esiningi ukuze CSKA. ULieutenant General Varennikov wabonisa obala disbelief kwakhe ukufa okujwayelekile hhayi ukukhononda impilo isiqhwaga ubudala sika: ekhaya lakho, esihlalweni, incwadi ezandleni zakhe. Akumangalisi Grechko A. A., owafa kamuva njengoba Suslov M. A. lalimelele unogada endala Politburo, Andropov alimazanga izifiso.
17.07.1978 wakhululwa kungazelelwe wabulala ayisithupha Fedor Davydovich Kulakov, a Olwa sangempela sokuba uNobhala Jikelele we-CPSU. indoda enamandla othile eshona kungazelelwe, "acute inhliziyo ukwehluleka". Futhi kwamahora ambalwa ngaphambi Wabonwa siyimiqemane. Ngo kwesidumbu sakhe sitholakele Academician Chazov wayengumuntu akukholisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngasekupheleni ngokungavamile sebefile ngokushesha.
Akubuzwa, nge ukuzinza emangalisayo, "intando kunjalo 'ngasizathu simbe ke wafa izinqubomgomo - izimbangi noma abaphikisana Andropov. Nokho, empeleni wokubusa Andropov, izindlela empunga cardinal - Uma theory ilungile, bese phakathi nokuphila uBrezhnev engu-80.
10/04/1980 ka ubulele Olwa esiyinhloko cap sakhe uBrezhnev - Petr Mironovich Masherov. Wabulawa engozini yemoto eduze nedolobhana Smolevichi. Izimo sokufa: umgwaqo-Olympic njengendlela brand, umbono omkhulu, umshayeli siqu abanolwazi. ukuthi noma ukushayisana komhlaba iloli yokulahla nhlobo ipulazi isimo kwaba kuseyimpicabadala. Lapho befika, amaphoyisa athola ukuthi umfuyi Pustovit Nikolay Mitrofanovich ngasizathu simbe (engesiyo ejwayelekile izingozi ezinjalo) zonke ashisiwe, kepha wasinda ngokuyisimangaliso. Ngemva kwezinyanga ezintathu zokutshala yomlimi iminyaka engu-15, futhi ... iphele.
19.01.1982, le "dubula" iphini Ikhanda lokuqala-KGB Andropov - Jikelele uSemyon Tsvigun, umnakekeli wezilwane 3 kanye nokubusa 5th, uBrezhnev womuntu, Leonidom Ilichom eyayibekwe ukuba engamele Andropov.
25.01.1982 ngonyaka okungenangqondo uyafa Mihail Andreevich Suslov. Nakuba ayengumuntu nengaphakathi, kodwa izimo namanje atypical ukufa. Lapho inhlalakahle stably Mikhail kwakhiwa esibhedlela esikhethekile ngihlolwa waminyaka yonke. Futhi kungazelelwe - unhlangothi kabuhlungu futhi ukufa.
Inqubomgomo Foreign futhi yasekhaya Andropov
Ukuba oshayelayo isimo, Yuri waqala ukuwenza asebenze imibono yabo yezombusazwe, yebo, ngaphandle kokuveza kubo. Njengoba indoda ka okhaliphile, ayazi ukuthi isimo Inkinga emnothweni Soviet, esongela ukuba abe kumhambela.
Umqondo wakhe oyinhloko kwakuwukushumayela ngabodwa kancane kancane iCommunist Party of amandla angempela. Amandla, ngokuvumelana Andropov, kumelwe athathe wevikeleko, ukulawula pragmatically yakhelwe utshalomali yomphakathi emnothweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, injongo ethile emnothweni kazwelonke wabelwa endaweni yangasese.
Kuthiwa China kamuva asetshenziswa Andropov uhlelo. Lokhu kwakwenza le ochwepheshe isizathu sokukholelwa ukuthi ngokusebenzisa le phrojekthi eU.SSR ezingatheni ngabe yasinda.
Ngeshwa, kwaba kuphela kwekuhlela kabusha le limenyezelwe Andropov sika. Abazange beze kweqiniso. Eqinisweni, ongunobhala jikelele yesihlanu mathupha leliya lizwe izinyanga 5 kuphela, futhi eziyishumi zokugcina iye pegged kuya ukwelashwa kwasesibhedlela. Yini engenza Andropov? Iqiniso lokuthi ayengakwenza. Futhi wayazi ukuthi ukwenza ezingabekwa zokucindezelwa kwalabo bantu futhi ukudala kulesi simo sokwesaba. Ngokushesha waqala ukulwa nenkohlakalo. Kwaba evulekile elikhulu "Uma kwenzeka ukotini". Ingabe axosha isitha esidala Yuri Vladimirovich, Chief Wezangaphakathi Nicholas Schelokov (wacibishela yena, silindele ukuboshwa okwalandela). ezingabekwa zokucindezelwa kwalabo bantu ebanzi ngokumelene labantu abangu ajeziswe: amaphoyisa ngesikhathi besebenza amahora kuphangwa iqhutshwe izitolo, zokubukela amabhayisikobho kanye ukuthatha mthetho zomsebenzi isiyalo ipensela. Ngaphezu kwalokho isiqondiso "amanothibhuku truants" Enkonzweni Interior kwakudingeka incwadi noma uchithe noma ajezise.
Jikelele uNobhala Andropov yabonakaliswa unya engaqondakali a la Beria. Galina uBrezhnev futhi Yuri Churbanov baboshwa kanye noMqondisi Eliseev deli Y. Sokolov osolwa yazo zonke izono ukuhweba ngempela namaSoviet futhi "uyafundisa" dubula.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, Yuri wabanjwa yokwesaba nasensimini, esikhundleni onobhala amathathu nesikhombisa lokuqala amakomiti kwesifunda futhi izikhonzi eziyishumi nesishiyagalombili.
Eqinisweni, phakathi nokubusa Andropov ebusweni cishe angavalelwa izindlela zokucindezela, hhayi kwaholela ukuvuselelwa emnothweni hit yile nkinga. Ukuze uqhathanise, ngesikhathi esifanayo, Turkey wakwazi ukubeka izisekelo ngemboni spa. Emnyango simila uvele abahloli ukuqinisekisa ukuba semthethweni yokulayisha athula.
emisha Economic kungenzeka engavimba yokuthi emashalofini uvele ezishibhile nezinye izinhlobo (ruble 4. kopecks 70.) Vodka, owayaziwa 'andropovka "abantu.
Ngo inqubomgomo angaphandle, Andropov wenza izinto ezimbili ezibalulekile: ekuqaleni inqubo ukuzinza of ubudlelwano ne China, futhi kwaphazamiseka izingxoxo naphakathi-range ezicitshwayo ne-United States.
Ukuphimisela ukwesaba Andropov
Ingabe ukwesaba ukuthi Andropov okuqinile? Mhlawumbe hhayi. Inhloko-KGB onguMninimandla onke ngisho ephethwe kule ndawo ukuze bafeze imigomo nezinhlelo zalo. Nceku Andropov, uyalilandela-KGB abakhulu V. Fedorov, akamusha kwencazelo usongo Undercover, uthi isicelo azilingani Andropov umsebenzi ingajezisa. Ngokusho kwakhe, ejele wathumela abalobi statist. Liberals ezifana Brodsky, uVladimir Bukovsky, Aksenov, uSolzhenitsyn Andropov anakekela. Kuwukukhishwa kwehlule phesheya - kuyisijeziso esifanele? Yuri futhi sakubona kukuhle ukukhuthazwa kanye benza lezo zibalo kwamasiko njengoba Yevtushenko, Lyubimov futhi Vysotsky.
Nangezinto Romanom Solzhenitsyna "The Gulag Archipelago" - Umlando ngokuvamile turbid. Ngabe othisha yasemakhaya kungathatha yokwemukela a amafayela top-secret?
Uyini umgomo bezingelwa lokho? Ngokusobala - ukudalwa ngomfanekiso inqubomgomo ovulekile.
Ukufa kanye nokwenza amalungiselelo omngcwabo
Ngonyaka owandulela ukufa, ngo-February 1983, ngesikhathi uNobhala yesihlanu jikelele nokwehluleka ukusebenza kwezinso. Wabe yasizwa hemodialysis. It wabuyela impilo evamile. Kodwa eholidini eCrimea, Andropov waba abandayo, bese waphoqeleka ukuba ahlale e LaseKuntsëvo Isibhedlela.
09/02/1984 ka Yuriy Vladimirovich Andropov wafa. Imiphumela yaloku kuhlola okungenhla olusemthethweni: nokwehluleka ukusebenza kwezinso. emngcwabeni Andropov sika eziphawuleka inkulumo emfushane umlandeli wakhe - Chernenko K. U. ubeke la mazwi, wathi kulabo abaseduze: "Ofeleba uyocibishela" - ke waphendula yena: "Cha, abandayo."
isiphetho
Encwadini nongenanembeza party serial umsebenzi Andropov, kukho konke ukuphila kwazo wamanje, ngokufanelekile, kwinqubomgomo kwaba ngokucacile evelele. Yena babelwela isimo ovulekile oluxube yangasese. I egunyeni eliphakeme kunawo wonke "izwe Andropov" inikeza abomthetho. Nokho, kuyinto okuxekethile kubonakala izindlela zokufinyelela lowo mgomo, emfantwini snap ukuthambekela ukubhubhisa izimbangi.
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