CPSU Central Committee. UNobhala lokuqala CPSU

Lena manje cishe never isebenzisa emelela eyayaziwa zonke ingane futhi ukhuluma cishe ngenhlonipho. CPSU Central Committee! Yiziphi lezi zincwadi?

Mayelana nomculi

Sinesithakazelo isifinyezo lichaza iKomidi Central LamaKhomanisi kweSoviet Union, noma umane CC. Banikezwe ukubaluleka Communist Party umphakathi, umzimba wayo elawula angaphetha kalula ngokuthi ekhishini, lapho "kuphekwe" izinqumo kwesibhamu yezwe. Amalungu CPSU Central Committee, elite eyinhloko yezwe - "povaryata" kule ekhishini, futhi "chef" - noNobhala-Jikelele.

Kusukela umlando we CPSU

Umlando lemfundvo yesive wayeseke waphila iminyaka eminingi ngaphambi kokuba inguquko nesimemezelo zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa. Kuze kube ngo-1952 igama layo yashintsha kaningi: i RSDLP, RSDLP (b), we RCP (b), CPSU (b). Lezi izifinyezo kubonakala Njengoba esibekiwe noma nini amafilosofi (kusukela intando yeningi nezenhlalakahle abasebenzi ukuba KwamaBolshevik Communist Party) kanye esikalini (kusukela Russian kuya zonke-Union). Kodwa hhayi amagama essence. Kusukela 20 kuya eminyakeni 90 yekhulu leminyaka elidlule, izwe sase sisebenza uhlelo emcimbini othile, kwathi Communist Party kwadingeka esinakho zenkosi. Umthethosisekelo ka 1936, yena wayebhekwa njengoba nje nengaphakathi kobuholi, nasemthethweni eyinhloko yezwe ngo-1977 futhi ngaso sonke watshumayela amandla ehola futhi wayiqondisa emphakathini. Noma imuphi umyalelo, ehlisela CPSU Central Committee, ngokushesha wathatha phezu amandla umthetho.

Konke lokhu Yiqiniso, akazange neqhaza ekuthuthukiseni yeningi yezwe. I-USSR ngenkuthalo ezifakelwa ukungalingani kanye kwamaqembu awo. Ngisho ngoba izikhundla encane zokuphatha amalungu Party kuphela angasho, ngawo amaphutha ingabuzwa kanye umugqa party. Omunye isijeziso esibi kunazo kwaba bokuhlukaniswa lobulungu. Party isebangeni ngokwaso njengoba iqembu lezisebenzi kanye nabalimi, ngakho kwakunabazalwane quota ngempela esiqinile ubuyise ngayo amalungu amasha. Kwakunzima ukuba phakathi kwababusi party ochwepheshe okudala noma abasebenzi ulwazi; hhayi ngaphansi ngokuqinile ziqashwe Party kanye nokusungulwa yayo kazwelonke. Ngalesi Ukukhetha akulona party njalo ngempela ngcono.

Of Party Imithetho

Ngokwe-Charter, yonke imisebenzi LamaKhomanisi iqoqo. Ezinhlanganweni eyinhloko, izinqumo zithathwa emihlanganweni jikelele, ngokuvamile, indikimba ebusayo siqhutshwa njalo ngemva kweminyaka embalwa Congress. Cishe njalo ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, yabamba plenum party. CPSU Central Committee ku ngezikhawu phakathi kwemihlangano plenary kanye congresses kuyinto iyunithi elawula, unesibopho yonke imisebenzi yangaphandle. Esikhathini ijika, umzimba ophakeme ukuthi abaqondiswa yiKomidi Central kukhona Political Bureau, iphethwe (kuqala) unobhala.

Phakathi yemfanelo obusebenzayo leKomiti Central lalinabashumayeli Inqubomgomo izisebenzi nokulawula emkhakheni party imali ibhajethi nokuphathwa zemizimba umsebenzi womphakathi. Kodwa hhayi kuphela. Kanye Politburo Soviet kunqunywa wonke umsebenzi ngemibono kuleli zwe, wanquma izimpikiswano zezombangazwe nezomnotho wemfanelo kakhulu.

On imininingwane kweSoviet

Abantu abangekho wahlala eSoviet Union, ngakho-ke kunzima ukuqonda. Ezweni yeningi, lapho kukhona isibalo samaqembu, nemisebenzi yabo ezibaluleke kancane ukuze engumshumayeli elula - uyabakhumbula nje ngaphambi kokhetho. Kodwa eSoviet Union nendima evelele LamaKhomanisi kugcizelelwe ngisho ngokomthethosisekelo! Ngo izitshalo nasemapulazini, futhi amayunithi lempi eqenjini owawungumnyaka yesibili party umhleli (futhi ngokuvamile kubaluleke lokuqala) salesi sakhiwo. Ngokusemthethweni, iQembu LamaKhomanisi ayikwazanga ukulawula kwezomnotho kanye izinqubo zezepolitiki: salokhu kwakukhona uMkhandlu woNgqongqoshe. Kodwa eqinisweni, iQembu LamaKhomanisi isinqumo konke. Akekho kusimangaze yokuthi uhlangothi ezindabeni zezombusazwe ezibaluleke kakhulu, futhi izinhlelo oneminyaka emihlanu ekuthuthukiseni umnotho kanye nokuvulwa okuxoxwe netimiso party uzimisele. CPSU Central Committee iqondiswe zonke lezi izinqubo.

Ebusweni eyinhloko iqembu

Okwazekayo, iQembu LamaKhomanisi kuyinto imfundo yeningi: kusukela isikhathi kukaLenin futhi kuze kube muva nje-ke zazingekho ubunye umyalo, kwakungekho abaholi esisemthethweni. Kwakuthinta bazitshela ukuthi unobhala - nje isikhundla lobuchwepheshe, kanye namalungu indikimba ebusayo bayalingana. UNobhala Okokuqala LamaKhomanisi, noma kunalokho we RCP (b), ungabi nosaziwayo kakhulu. E. Stasova, Sverdlov, N. Krestinsky, Molotov - yize Amagama abo kwakungu ekulalelweni, kodwa ngalobu budlelwano ukuphathwa esisebenzayo balaba bantu abazange babe. Kodwa nge obhekwe inqubo Stalin usephendukele ngendlela ehlukile, "nguyise wezizwe" uye wakwazi uzochoboza yonke amandla bona. Kwakunesidingo futhi isikhundla okuhambisanayo - uNobhala Jikelele. Kufanele ukuthi amagama abaholi beqembu washintsha ngezikhathi: Jikelele esikhundleni uNobhala lokuqala Communist Party, bese okuphambene nalokho. Ngesandla ukukhanya Stalin, kungakhathaliseki isihloko, kusho umholi weqembu, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo waba ebusweni oyinhloko wombuso.

Ngemva kokufa umholi ngo-1953 lokhu okuthunyelwe babe Khrushchev kanye leonid uBrezhnev, bese ngisebenza esinye isikhundla esifushane matasa Yuri Andropov futhi Konstantin Chernenko. I last umholi weqembu kwaba uMikhail Gorbachev - kuphela umongameli itoho ye-USSR. Inkathi ngamunye wabo ngendlela yalo ebalulekile. Lapho abantu abaningi bacabanga uStalin umashiqela, bese Khrushchev ngokuthi voluntarist futhi uBrezhnev - uyise yokujama tsi. Gorbachev wehla emlandweni njengoba umuntu zonakale ekuqaleni, bese wangcwatshwa isimo enkulukazi - eSoviet Union.

isiphetho

History of the CPSU kwaba isiyalo zezemfundo, kuphoqelekile wonke amanyuvesi ezweni, futhi mlando eyinhloko ekuthuthukiseni kanye nemisebenzi ye-party eSoviet Union wayazi zonke umfundi. Revolution, ke Yombango kwezimboni kanye collectivization, ukunqoba wobushiqela kanye nokwakha kabusha ngemva kwempi yezwe. Bese intombi umhlaba futhi ukuya emkhathini, ezinkulu ukwakhiwa zonke-union - Umlando we Party eduze zithandelana umlando isimo. Esimweni ngasinye lalibhekwa indima olukhulunywa kulelo CPSU, futhi igama elithi "lamaKhomanisi" ngenkani kwezinto kwakufana nge Patriot kweqiniso futhi indoda ehloniphekile.

Kodwa uma ufunda umlando iqembu ngendlela ehlukile, phakathi kwemigqa, uthola Thriller enyantisayo. Izigidi becindezela, bantu abadingisiwe, emakamu ngamacala okubulawa kosopolitiki, ukucekwa abangathandeki, ukushushiswa abaphikisi bombuso ... Singasho ukuthi umbhali ngayinye ikhasi black komlando KwabaseSoviet Kwakugxile Khona - Central Committee CPSU.

Ngo-USSR wayethanda ngicaphune amazwi Lenin: ". Le Party - ingqondo, nodumo unembeza kwenkathi yethu" Maye! Eqinisweni, iQembu LamaKhomanisi wayengeyena omunye noma abanye, futhi eyesithathu. Ngemva 1991 Icebo lika , le CPSU emisebenzini Russia yayivinjelwe. Ingabe Russian Communist Party indlalifa-Union? Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuchaza ngisho izazi.