Amabhuloho we-UAZ amasosha: ukubuyekezwa, incazelo, izinhlobo, izici nokubuyekeza

Ngokuqinisekile ekuthengiseni ubonile izimoto UAZ, lapho abanikazi bemoto bekhuluma ngokuziqhenya ngamabhuloho ezempi, okwenza izimpawu zamaruble ezinkulungwane eziningana. Lesi sihloko sixoxwe kaningi. Abanye bathi izimoto ezinjalo kufanelekile ukunakwa, kanti abanye, ngokuphambene nalokho, bakhetha ukugibela amabhuloho womphakathi. Bangabani futhi bahlukana ngani? Ake sizame ukuqonda.

Izinhlobo

Izimoto ze-UAZ zisebenzisa izinhlobo ezimbili zezinhlelo - nge-single-stage main, kanye nokudluliswa kwebhodi. I- axle yokuqala (UAZ) yezempi ifakwe ezimotweni zokulungiswa kwezinqola, okwesibili - kumodeli-abagibeli bezimpahla 3151 (ngamanye amazwi, "Bobik"). Izindlela ezihamba phambili zinomklamo owuhlobo lwe-U futhi zifakwe ndawonye nama-cardan shafts. Noma kunjalo, ukufakwa kwezinto ezinjalo ekucwangcisweni kwemoto yemoto (njenge "tadpole") kudinga ukuthuthukiswa okuphawulekayo kwezobuchwepheshe. Lokhu kusebenza kumklamo wokumisa, ukuhamba kwe-trap bipod, amabhuloho. Futhi, ukuze usebenze ngokugcwele, umshini wekhadian unciphise ngamentimitha kuyadingeka. Ngokuqondene nezakhi zokudlulisela okuhamba phambili, zinehlukile phakathi kwengxenye ephakathi, okungukuthi - ukuhlukana okuncane kwebhuloho lempi. I-UAZ enendlela efanayo ibuye ihluke ngenye indlela yokufaka i-final gear gear. Awekho umehluko omkhulu lapha. Kuphela kuphela kuhlanganiswe kuma-rolling conical. I-UAZ, ibhuloho laso lempi elibhekwa njengelihlala liqinile, linomklamo onzima kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa ne-analog yomphakathi. Kukhona indandatho yokulungisa phakathi kwegeyimu yokushayela kanye nendandatho enkulu yokuthwala, kanye nemikhono ye-spacer kanye ne-gaskets. Ama-gear of the gears drive ahlanganiswe ne-flange fixing nut.

Idivayisi

Kuphi ukuthunyelwa kwebhodi ekhona? On izimoto UAZ-469, amabhuloho abo ezempi basemuva, ukudlulisa ngokwakho kutholakala egumbini, lapho izingxenyana zangaphandle ze-casings of the semi-axles zicindezelwa emaphethweni. Amagesi okushayela afakwe ekupheleni kwe-shaft, phakathi kwe-roller ne-ball bearing. Lezi zinsuku zigcinwe ngendandatho yokugcina ekhoneni. Kukhona i-oil-reflector ekhethekile phakathi kwebhola elibhekene nezindlu eziseceleni. Indlela yokuguqula ihlelwe emzimbeni ngamabolts amabili. Indandatho yangaphakathi yokuthwala ibhekene ne-axle eseceleni besebenzisa indandatho yokugcina. Igesi eliqhutshwayo linamathele kumgqa wegesi elihlangene. I-shaft eqhutshwayo isekelwa ekuqhumeni nasekubhekeni. Ngendlela, lesi sichibi sinomucu wesokunxele. Izakhi eziqhutshwayo zamagundane angemuva zixhunywe kwihabhu lesondo ngokusebenzisa ama-splin ahlangene. Ukudluliselwa kwe-Carter kukhishwa kanye nomzimba wephini le-pivot. I gear yokushayela ifakwe engxenyeni yekhamera eqhutshwayo phakathi kwe-roller ne-ball bearings (bona imithwalo ye-axial ye-hinge).

Izici

Kwezimoto ezifana ne-UAZ "Bukhanka", "Umlimi", kanye nokuguqulwa kwesikhathi eside kwe-model 3151, amabhuloho womphakathi afakwe (kubantu abavamile "amapulazi ahlangene"). Kodwa-ke, amanye ama-analogues afakwe kwezinye "ze-bobics" ezithile. Lawa angamamodeli amasha ane-index 316, 3159 kanye nokuguqulwa kwe "Amabha", okuhlukaniswa ngethrekhi eyandisiwe. Kodwa ngenxa yalesi sinqumo amabhuloho (UAZ) amasosha lapha akulula - ahlukaniswe, ahlaziye, aguqulelwe "ukubeka imali".

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwezempi?

Okokuqala, ibhuloho elinjalo lihluke emphakathini ngokuthola abahlinzeki bebhodi. Ngenxa yalokhu, imvume yemoto yanda ngamasentimitha ayisishiyagalombili (okungukuthi, ibhokisi legiya litholakala ngaphezu kweyodwa). I-pair eyinhloko inezinamba ezincane zamazinyo, kodwa zikhulu. Lo mklamo uthuthukise kakhulu ukuthembeka. I-gear ratio nayo ihlukile. Emabhuloho ezempi kwenza ama-5,38. Kusho ukuthini lokhu? Imoto iba nzima kakhulu ukuphakamisa, kulula ukuthwala imithwalo esindayo ngokwayo (noma ngokwayo - kwi-trailer). Noma kunjalo, le ndlela ayiklanyelwe isivinini. Lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "amabhuloho eqoqweni ndawonye" kuyashesha kakhulu kunabalingani babo bezempi. Futhi-ke, umehluko ucabangela i-cardan shaft. Uma amabhuloho (UAZ) amasosha, ubude bale nxenye buyi-1 cm ubude bufushane. Ngakho-ke, uma ushintsha noma ulungisa umshini, kuyadingeka ukuthi ucacise ibhuloho elenzelwe yona. Usayizi wesondo elinconywe ngu-215 nge-90 ububanzi obuyizingalo ezingu-15.

Izinzuzo

Ngakho-ke, ukuhlanganisa kokuqala yiyona imvume yokugcina umhlaba. Yena, ngokungafani namamodeli womphakathi, angamamentimitha angama-30. "Kolkhoznye" I-UAZ inemvume engaphansi kwamamitha angu-22. I-second plus - i-torque eyanda. Lokhu kuyinhlangano enkulu uma uzothatha imithwalo enkulu noma uthwale i-trailer. Ngenxa yobukhulu obukhulu bamazinyo, abaqapheli kaningi njengabanye abantu (kubhekene neqembu elibalulekile). Futhi, amabutho amabhuloho (UAZ) ahluke ngisho nokusabalalisa komthwalo phakathi kwebhodi lokuhamba kanye nokudluliswa okuyinhloko. Yebo, into yokugcina ukuthi umnikazi wamabhuloho anjalo angaziqhayisa, kungukuthi kube khona ukuhlukana kokwanda komfutho. Kuzobonakala uma ushayela emigwaqeni (eqinisweni, i-UAZ yayihloselwe yona). Uma umshini unamathele ngodaka ohlangothini olulodwa, ngeke ube ne-slippage efana namabhuloho womphakathi (isondo lesokunxele lihamba futhi isondo elingafanele).

Zilahlekelwaphi lezi bhuloho?

Manje sibhala ukwehluleka kwalolu hlelo, ngenxa yokuthi kunezimpikiswano phakathi kwe "uazovodami." Impendulo yokuqala yilabo abandayo. Amabhuloho asemaphandleni alula kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kagesi kuncane. Futhi emklamo wabo kukhona imininingwane encane eyinkimbinkimbi, ngakho-ke umlimi oqoqiwe ulungiswa kakhulu. Futhi izingxenye ezithintekayo ze "mpi" zinzima kakhulu ukuthola (okunciphisa efanayo ibhuloho lempi). I-UAZ enebhuloho yomphakathi ikhululekile kakhulu ekushayeleni nasezingeni eliphezulu. Futhi, ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwegeyimu ye-gear ezenzweni zezempi, umsebenzi womklamo onjalo uzwakala kakhulu. Futhi, ukumiswa kwentwasahlobo kanye nama-disc brakes kungafakwa kubantu. On amabhuloho ezempi (UAZ-469 kuhlanganise) ukubeka konke lokhu akunakwenzeka. Ngokumangalisa, kodwa ekunakekelweni okungenakuzithoba kungukusebenza komphakathi. Thatha okungenani amafutha - amabhuloho ezempi inani lamaphuzu okugcoba kakhulu kakhulu.

Ukubuyekeza

Abanye abashayeli, ngokuphendula ukuthi "amabhuloho ezempi angcono kunezakhamizi" avumelana kuphela ngamaphesenti angu-50 kuphela. Ngokuqondene nokukhanya okukhulayo, la masentimitha awahlinzeki okuningi. Labo abayidingayo, phakamisa ukumiswa bese ufake amanye amasondo "okubi". Ngenxa yalokho, imvume yokungena komhlaba inganyuswa ngezikhathi ezingu-1.5-2 - konke kuxhomeke esifisweni nasemakhono omnikazi wemoto. Futhi, abashayeli bakhononda ngomsindo owandayo. Noma kunjalo, amabhuloho amabutho enza bazizwe, ngisho noma imoto isetshenziselwa izinhloso zomphakathi. Futhi ngezinye izikhathi, ukufika lapho uya khona (ukuzingela noma ukudoba), kuthatha amahora ambalwa ukulalela le "melody". Lokhu kubonakala ngokucacile phezu kwe-asphalt surface. Kwabaningi, ukusetshenziswa kanye nokuguqulwa kubalulekile - ngamabhuloho ezempi ungakhohlwa nje ngalezi zici ezimbili. Ukubuyekezwa kwabanikazi bezimoto bathi imoto ayifinyelele ngokushesha kunamakhilomitha angu-60 ngehora, kuyilapho ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha kuyanda ngamaphesenti angu-10-15. Ngokuqondene nensizakalo, ukubuyekezwa kubonisa inkinga yokuvuza kwamafutha. Iqala kuma-reducers ohlangothini. Ngakho-ke, iseluleko kulabo abazothatha i-UAZ: ngokushesha benze ushintsho samafutha. Akekho owake wacabanga ngalokhu kusebenza okubonakala sengathi kulula. Abantu bathenga le moto futhi bangacabangi ukuthi ngezikhathi ezithile kuyadingeka ukushintsha amafutha enjini kanye nebhokisi legiar, ukungasho ngamabhuloho. Yiqiniso, lokhu kungumshini wezempi futhi kunzima kakhulu ukuwubulala, kepha uma ugibela iminyaka engu-10 emafutheni afanayo ebhokisini legiar, umshini awunakukubonga. Ngokuqondene nobuciko, ukubuyekezwa kubonisa ukwakhiwa okhethekile kwamabhuloho ezempi. Zenziwe ngesimo se-ski. Ngakho-ke, ukuze unamathele emabhuloho ezempi, kuzomele uzame kanzima. Futhi emithonjeni ihlala isikhathi eside, ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwamanye amazinyo.

Futhi, hlola ukuphawula kokungabikho kwekhikhi. Ungabeki ama- disc bhisikidi ku-UAZ-469. Amabhuloho aseMpi awakwazi "ukugaya". Kodwa, nalokhu, kungenzeka ukufaka amasondo angaphezu kwamasentimitha angu-30. Uma kusetshenziswe amabhuloho womphakathi, kudingekile ukuqinisa ama-hinges of speed angular velocities, semiaxes kanye ne-main pair.

Ngenkinga yokusetshenziswa hhayi nje kuphela amehlo abanikazi bemoto

Ngokuphathelene nomsindo: ukwahlulela ngezibuyekezo, lo mbono othobekile kakhulu. Omunye uhlambalaza amabhuloho ezempi ngomsindo, kanti omunye umuntu awunandaba - "indlela abaqothule ngayo ngaphambili, futhi manje". Ngokuphathelene nokusetshenziswa kwamagesi - ngesistimu yokufakelwa ngendlela efanele, u-UAZ onjalo uzodla okungenani ama-1.5 amalitha ngaphezu komuntu osebenzisana naye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanye abanikazi bezimoto babona ukungabi khona kwezingxenye ezithile, njengoba amabhuloho ezempi angabakhiqizi amashumi ambalwa eminyaka. Uma ungathola okuthile, khona-ke kuphela ekuqothulweni, hhayi ukuthi lokho okutholayo kuzoba esimweni esihle. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ibhuloho "ayithengi", njengesihlungi, imfucumfucu namafutha. Futhi ukuthenga amagoli nezinye izingxenye ezithintekayo kuso kuyadingeka kude hhayi nsuku zonke.

Izakhi ezingekho emgwaqeni

Uma unezinto eziphambene nalokho kuqala, kungcono nakanjani ukubeka ibhuloho lempi. Kodwa uma uvame ukushayela endaweni ejwayelekile ye-asphalt, ngezinhloso ezinjalo, ukhethe ngokungaqondile abantu. Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi wonke amaphoyisa "bobiki" abeke amabhuloho "epulazini elihlangene". Emzini, kuqala kunikezwa induduzo kanye ne-dynamics.

Isiphetho

Ngakho-ke, uhlobo lwebhuloho luyonqunywa ukubizwa okunye komshini - luzohamba nje ngokuzingela nokudoba noma ukulungiswa kwe-offroad ephelele. Kodwa kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi ngisho ne-UAZ engomphakathi onesibambiso se-"stock" iyakwazi ukuwela i-ford. Kodwa ekusebenziseni kwansuku zonke lokhu kungenzeka akufanelekile: ngisho nasemabhulothweni womphakathi kukhona "ama-echoes ezempi" ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo, ukumiswa okwesikhashana kwentwasahlobo.

Ngakho-ke, sithole ukuthi amabhilidi akhiwa kanjani (UAZ) ngamasosha, yiziphi izinzuzo zabo nokungalungi uma kuqhathaniswa nabomphakathi. Njengoba ubona, kuyadingeka ukwazi kusukela ekuqaleni, ngenhloso yanini ezosetshenziswa.