Acetylene: izicelo kwezokwelapha, umkhakha,

Acetylene libhekisela hydrocarbon unsaturated chungechunge. Le ngxube, bese homologs yayo ehlukahlukene ukukhonza izinto njengoba zokusetshenziswa for synthesis esiningi imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali.

Izakhiwo kanye ukukhiqizwa acetylene

Ngo nemibandela umfutho womoya kanye lokushisa evamile, acetylene yigesi kungekho nto enemibala emihle. Uma izinga lokushisa sehliselwe endaweni ukubaluleka -85 degrees bese wehlise saba esinye kwakwakhe zombuso - okuqinile. Kuleli fomu zinhlayiya. Qaphela ukuthi kule ketshezi futhi okuqinile isimo acetylene kalula qhumisa ngaphansi umphumela kombango noma umthelela (mechanical noma wokubacindezela). Le mpahla ngokuyinhloko inquma indawo yayo kwesicelo. Acetylene omlilo ukuphendula kwenzeka khona komoya-mpilo. Ngenxa yalokho yale nqubo kukhona ibe ilangabi, libhekene eliphakeme lokushisa izinkomba (3150 degrees) iqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zikaphethiloli.

Uhlelo oluyisisekelo oluthi indlela zokukhiqiza zisabela kanjani acetylene, lapho uxhumana calcium Carbide namanzi. Le nqubo wabe ezingeni lokushisa mayelana 2000 degrees izinkomba futhi endothermic.

Kukhona into efana ekhishwa acetylene. Lona lemali ukuthi ezikhishwe yokubola 1 kg calcium Carbide. GOST 1460-56 amasethi amagugu othile oqondile owanikwa u-value, okuyinto umsebenzi oqondile degree of granulation of indaba kokuqala. Ngakho, umphumela ube usayizi elincane kuyizinhlayiyana we Carbide calcium iwukuba kuncishiswe isivuno acetylene.

Le ndlela is phetho khona Carbide izinhlayiya emihle of ukungcola, isib i-calcium oxide.

Zikhona nezinye, kancane okukhulu, izindlela ezibizayo futhi amandla khudlwana lokuveza acetylene. Ngokwesibonelo, ezishisayo-oxidative methane pyrolysis ukuphendula Igesi yemvelo; yokubola uwoyela, iziketekete nezinye zokubasa ngu elektropiroliza.

Ukugcinwa Kwazo Ngenjongo ezokuthutha

Zonke izindlela wesitoreji kanye ezokuthutha ukuhlinzekela ukusetshenziswa amasilinda. Bagcwala isisindo olukhethekile ukungaguquguquki ukungena nakwamanye amazwe. It is afuthwe ngesibulali acetone, okuyinto kalula ancibilikisa acetylene. Isicelo sale ndlela ungakwazi ukwandisa ngokuphawulekayo kuhlaliswa uMbhalo acetylene futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, kwehlisa explosiveness yayo.

contact isikhathi eside acetylene ezisansimbi ezifana nethusi esiliva, kungase kwandise explosivity yayo. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa impermissible materials ukuthi elakhiwa lezi zinsimbi, ezifana valve.

Ngokuvamile, amasilinda kufanele abe valve akhethekile, elakhelwe isitoreji acetylene.

ukusebenzisa ngokugcwele wonke isilinda umthamo bungatholakala ngokugcina iimumathi ukuze acetone ezasakazwa kulo lonke ivolumu isitsha. Futhi lokhu kungenzeka kuphela esimweni enezingqimba. Ukugcwalisa uMbhalo okumelwe zenzeke kancane kakhulu, okuyinto ebaluleke for ukuhambisana nemibandela ukusabela chemical Ukuqedwa acetylene e acetone, futhi ikakhulu ijubane layo uma igijima.

Izinzuzo ziyoncibilika acetylene

Inzuzo enkulu ye acetylene ziyoncibilika ngaphambi, okuyinto uzilungiselele usebenzisa umshini ophathekayo wokuphehla ugesi-calcium Carbide, wukuthi uMbhalo isicelo nokwanda Welding umsebenzi ngo-20%, kanye lapho ukulahlekelwa acetylene kwehle ngo-25%. Kufanele ukhulume nesanda ijubane maneuverability esiteshini Welding, nokuvikeleka. Ngokungafani igesi eyatholakala kusukela calcium Carbide acetylene ziyoncibilika iqukethe ndaba kakhulu esingaphansi angaphandle, isb ukungcola, ukuthi ingasetshenziswa Welding zibucayi ngokukhethekile.

izicelo Main acetylene

• Zokushisela futhi ukuzisika of izinsimbi.
• Ukusebenzisa deku elikhanyayo, ukukhanya okumhlophe. Kulokhu kuba umbuzo acetylene, okulungiselelwe ukusabela calcium Carbide namanzi. Isebenzisa luminaires akancike.
• Ukukhiqiza iziqhumane.
• Ukulungiswa nezinye izingxube zamakhemikhali nezinto zokwakha okuyizinto acetic acid, ETHYL utshwala, izihlanzi, ipulasitiki, iraba, hydrocarbon elimnandi.

Acetylene: esetshenziswa uma kwakhiwa noma umkhakha

Welding Autogenous futhi ahambisane cishe zonke izigaba ukwakhiwa. Kuyinto kulezi izinhlobo zomsebenzi esetshenziswa acetylene. Ngo idivayisi ekhethekile okuthiwa sikaphalafini amagesi axutshwa ngqo futhi amandla omlilo ukuphendula uqobo. Amazinga esiphezulu ukuphendula kufinyelelwe lapho okuqukethwe acetylene 45% wezindleko esitsheni ivolumu.

Sikakhiye nale igesi kumakwe ngale ndlela: namabala izinhlamvu ezimhlophe futhi zibomvu esikhulu umbhalo oqoshiwe osetshenziswayo: "Acetylene"

Ukwakhiwa kwemisebenzi abazenzi ikakhulukazi ngaphandle. Ukusetshenziswa acetylene futhi homologues yayo mibandela akufanele bathathe indawo ngaphansi elangeni. amakhefu iDemo kumele sihambisane ukweqa ka valve ku sikaphalafini, kanye eside - kokuncishiswa of valve phezu amasilinda ngokwabo.

Imboni kumakhemikhali kakhulu ziphoqa acetylene. isicelo salo ukusetshenziswa ketshezi ngesikhathi kulungiselelwa zamagama organic. Lokhu iraba zokwenziwa, ipulasitiki, uketshezi, acetic acid, njll

Acetylene kuyinto fuel jikelele, ngokuvamile sisetshenziswa izinqubo ezihilela igesi-ilangabi ukucubungula. Kubalulekile ukuthi ukusetshenziswa acetylene embonini kungenzeka kuncike kuphela izindlela zokuphepha, njengoba kuyinto igesi alufakwa.

izibani Carbide

Igama elithi "Carbide isibani" ngenxa ukusetshenziswa njengoba evulekile ilangabi jet combusted umthombo wokukhanya acetylene. It is ngokufanele etholwe ukusabela calcium Carbide ngamanzi.

Lezi izibani ayevamile esikhathini esidlule. Bona kungabonwa kwamakalishi, izimoto ngisho amabhayisikili. Ezikhathini zanamuhla isibani Carbide esetshenziswa kuphela uma kunesidingo esiphuthumayo sokuba umdlalo elinamandla azimele wodwa. Ngakho, cavers ngokuvamile ukuzisebenzisa. amabhikhoni Ezikude supply izibani ezinjalo, eqinisweni, lolu hlobo ukukhanyisa ingcono kakhulu efingqa emigqeni amandla. Izimo zethu zihluke kakhulu ovamile uwukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwalezi izibani izitsha ejulile amanzi.

Acetylene: isicelo kwezokwelapha

Njengoba lisetshenziswe izidakamizwa kule ndawo? izinzwa Jikelele kuhilela ukusetshenziswa alkynes. Acetylene ungomunye walabo amagesi ezisetshenziswa lapho ephefumula izinzwa. Kodwa ukusetshenziswa kabanzi kanjalo esikhathini esidlule. Manje kukhona izindlela ezingaphezu yesimanje futhi iphephile ngokusungula indlela yokubulala izinzwa.

Nakuba kunjalo, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ukusetshenziswa ingozi enkulu acetylene hhayi, njengasekuqaleni inzuzo yokugxilisa ingqondo yayo emoyeni imuncwe ifinyelela umkhawulo eziyingozi, ephansi flammability embundwini sidlulile.

Isimo esibaluleke kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwalesi gas ngokugcinwa izinyathelo zokuphepha. Kunzima yokugcizelela acetylene kanjani yingozi. Ukusetshenziswa Its kungenzeka kuphela ngemuva zonke lemifishane kudingekile nabasebenzi ezindaweni ezahlukene lapho isetshenziswa.