Ziyini izakhamuzi ezincane kunazo zonke zasolwandle?

Izakhamuzi zasolwandle zinezilwane ezihlukene, okungaba ezinkulu noma ezincane kangangokuthi azikwazi ngisho nokubonwa ngamehlo. Yisiphi isidalwa sasolwandle esincane kunazo zonke, futhi ubani ongakhanga ngokubukeka okungavamile ngisho nolaka?

Okuncane, yebo kususiwe

Phakathi kwezakhamuzi zasolwandle, ubukhulu obukhulu kunazo zonke yi-schindleria. Le nhlanzi encane ihlala eduze nogwini lwase-Australia, isilinganisa amagremu ambalwa kuphela, futhi ubude bufinyelela kumamitha ambalwa. Izakhamuzi ezincane kunazo zonke ezisolwandle ezinamagama okuqala - i-shindlerii - ingakhula kuze kufike ku-7 mm, ngenkathi ihlala inyanga kuphela. Ngenxa yomgogodla nomzimba obala, le nhlanzi ayitholakalanga isikhathi eside. I-Schindleria idla i-plankton, futhi ibonakala kuphela olwandle olwandle, i-Pacific ne-Indian.

Izinkunzi zamasayizi amancane

Ngaphambi kokuvuthwa, i-Philippine bull-pike yayiholele esigabeni esithi "omncane ohlala olwandle". Amadoda kulezi zinhlanzi afinyelela ku-11 mm, kuyilapho abesifazane bekhulu kakhulu-14 mm. Ngesikhathi sokuqala i-mini-fish itholakala e-Philippine Islands. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ama-pandas athandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabadobi. Le nhlanzi akuyona nje into encane emanzini amancane, kepha i-vertebrate encane kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Ngokuvamile bahlala olwandle lwaseNdiya nasePacific, kodwa bathole emabhogi ase-Indonesia.

Izakhamuzi ezincane zasolwandle ziphakathi kwezinkanyezi zasolwandle. Yinkanyezi ye-as-terinide, eyenzeka emanzini ogwini oluseningizimu ye-Australia. Ububanzi bomzimba wakhe buyi-9 mm kuphela.

Amanzi ahlanzekile nolwandle olwandle

Izinhlanzi ezincane kakhulu emfuleni yi-mystichthys. Lihlala emachibini nasemifuleni yasegwini lasePhilippine. Ubude bezinhlobo zezentengiselwano bufinyelela ku-12 mm kuphela, bahlala ezikoleni. Abantu base-Indonesia basebenzisa la ma-steers ukudala amaqebelengwane anomsoco omnandi. Kuvela ukuthi izakhamuzi ezincane kunazo zonke zasolwandle zingaba mnandi kakhulu!

Emifuleni yaseRussia kunezinhlanzi ezincane ezinamahloni, ubude bomzimba obungafinyeleleki ku-5 cm. Kutholakala eziningi, ngakho-ke kuhweba. Ngemuva kokucubungula, ama-sticklebacks athola amafutha, asetshenziselwa izidingo zobuchwepheshe, kanye nokukhiqizwa kokudla kwezinyoni nezinkomo.

Umakhelwane omncane kunabo bonke ojulile olwandle watholakala eSiltland Islands. I-Gillet Gill iyinhlanzi encane kunazo zonke eYurophu. Ngenxa yobukhulu obuncane nombala ongaqondakali, ngenxa yokuthi abantu bafihleka kalula ku-algae, isikhathi eside abakwazanga ukutholakala nokukhonjwa.

Enye inhlanzi, ehlasela izigubhu njengendwangu esilungisiwe, iyisinarapan. Laba abamele abancane bezilwane zasolwandle babhekwa njengento enhle e-Indonesia. Ngakho-ke, izakhamuzi zendawo zihlela ukuzingela kwangempela. Amadoda afinyelela ubude obuyi-13 mm kuphela, kanti izinhlanzi ezivamile ziphelile. Nokho, amaPhilippines aqhubeka nokuhambela izivakashi zabo ngezidlo ezinjalo. Izakhamuzi ezincane kunazo zonke zasolwandle lwaseCaspian ziyizinkunzi zeBerg. Bahlala ezingxenyeni ezingezansi zamanzi, finyelela ku-2 cm kuphela ubude.

Octopus-Argonauts

Ukujula kolwandle kugcwele izimfihlakalo kanye nezimo ezingavamile. Isibonelo, maduzane u-octopus uPaul wayebathandwa kakhulu, ngubani owakwazi "ukubikezela" imiphumela yemingcele embalwa yeNdebe Yomhlaba. Nokho, ngokubukeka, i-Dambo octopus iyakhanga kakhulu. Ihlukaniswe ngokubunjwa kwezindlebe ezibonakala phezulu kwekhanda. Ngendlela, phakathi kwalezi zilwane kukhona nesidalwa esincane kunazo zonke ezisolwandle - i-octopus i-Argonauto argo, kuphela u-1 cm ubude. I-Argonauts okuthiwa ihlala emanzini aphezulu e-World Ocean (ezindaweni ezishisayo nasezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba) futhi idla ikakhulukazi kuma-mollusks. Amadoda ahlukene ngobukhulu obukhulu, kuyilapho abesifazane befinyelela ubude buka-10 cm.

Seahorse

Ummeli omangalisayo futhi oqhakazile womhlaba ongaphansi kwamanzi angasho isihloko sencane kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, uma sikhuluma nge-seahorse encane, esifinyelela ubude obungama-4 cm. Isici esiyinhloko salokhu ohlala emanzini ukuguqulwa okuyingqayizivele, ngenxa yokuthi kunzima kakhulu ukuyiqaphela. Yiziphi izakhamuzi ezincane zasolwandle ezihlangana phakathi kweziketi? Kumele kuqashelwe kanye ne- Sea Sea seahorse, ehlukaniswe umbala wayo omude nombala obala. Iqiniso, ubude bomuntu bufinyelela ku-12 cm.

Morena

Lokhu kungenye yezilwane eziyingozi kunazo zonke emhlabeni wonke, ubude obungafinyelela ngamamitha amathathu. Kodwa-ke, phakathi kwama-moray eels kukhona nezakhamuzi ezincane kunazo zonke zasolwandle, noma kunjalo, ubude bawo bube ngaphezu kuka-10 cm. Izimpawu ezivelele zalezi zilwane zingumlingiswa onobudlova nesifiso esiqhubekayo sokuhlasela izilwane zabo. Badla i-moray canola, inhlanzi encane, ngisho nemigodi yasolwandle. Esinye sezibonelo ezincane zalolu hlobo luyi-nosed moray eel. Futhi uvumele ubude bomzimba wakhe bungaphezu kuka-10 cm, kanti isilwane sinamazinyo abukhali futhi ayingozi.

Izinkanyezi olwandle

Izakhamuzi ezinhle kunazo zonke zasolwandle ziyizinkanyezi eziqondene nomndeni we-echinoderms. Ubukhulu bazo bungaba buhluke kakhulu, kusukela kumamitha ambalwa kuya ku-meter ububanzi (abadala). Ukudla, lezi zidalwa zilula: zingadla izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-40 eziphilayo zasolwandle. Lezi zinambuzane ezibonakalayo zibhekene nekhono lokuvuselela kabusha, okungukuthi, ukukhishwa kwemisebe kungabuyiselwa ngesikhathi. Izinkanyezi zasolwandle ziphila kusukela eminyakeni engu-20 nangaphezulu.

Amakha

Izakhamuzi zasolwandle zimelelwa ezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu, kodwa isihloko se-crab-pea esincane kunazo zonke. Itholakala olwandle lwase-Azov, ngokudla okuqoqwa ngaphakathi kwamagobolondo ama-oyster, ama-mussels, ama-scallops. Ubukhulu begobolondo yalesi sidalwa ngu-6.3 mm kuphela. Lona omncane ohlala olwandle ohlala phakathi kwazo zonke ezingenhla.

I-Crab-Yeti iyinhlobo ekhethekile yezimbiza eziboshwe ngoboya. Yingakho banikezwa igama elinjalo elingavamile. Iqiniso, ayikho ubumnene ngomqondo wangempela wezwi, kodwa kukhona izingalo namabele okumbozwa i-pinnate setae ende. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi ama-bristles aqukethe ama-bacterial filamentous okuhlanza amanzi ezintweni ezimazayo.

Amazing Under Water

Izakhamuzi zasolwandle ezimangalisayo zitholakala ezinombolweni ezinkulu. Isibonelo, ukubukeka okungavamile kuhlukanisa ibha elifushane, isici esiyinhloko esivela ezindebeni ezibomvu zesayizi elikhulu, okuthiwa i-esko. Banike iphunga elithile, bakhanga izibungu, ama-crustaceans nezinhlanzi ezincane ezihlukahlukene.

Okuthakazelisayo okufakwe yi-ophiuroids, okuyizilwane zasolwandle olwandle olujulile olunezinombolo ezinkulu zemisebe ehlanganisiwe, engaba yinde kunomzimba wonke walabahlali bombuso ongaphansi kwamanzi. Ama Rays adinga ukuthi abambe i-zooplankton nezinye ukudla. Isici esiyinhloko salaba bantu ukungabikho kwegazi, futhi ukushintshaniswa kwegesi kwenziwa ngesistimu ekhethekile yamanzi.

Yebo, kuyamangalisa ngempela futhi kuyimfihlakalo emhlabeni jikelele wamanzi ... Mhlawumbe uzomangala uma uthola ukuthi ubani othiwa "omncane ohlala olwandle". Umbulali Whale! Yebo, yebo! Akudingekile kuphela ukudidanisa izilwane ezincelisayo zasolwandle emndenini wezinhlanzi zamahlengethwa zama-cetaceans, i-suborder of whale izinhlanzi kanye ... inhlanzi ye-catfish enegama elifanayo. I-whale yokubulala i-Siamese ihlala emanzini aseThailand naseKamuchea, kodwa ayidluli 12 cm ubude.

Rod Fish

Le nhlanzi idonsela ukunakwa ngokubonakala okungavamile, ngenxa yokuthi yayibizwa ngokuthi i-chinan, i-knight, noma i-bumpkin. Amagama anjalo anikezwa kulesi sidalwa sasolwandle hhayi ngengozi: umzimba wakhe ophuzi ugcwele izikali ezinkulu, uhlanganiswe nezinsipho ezibukhali emaphethelweni. Esinye isici sezinhlanzi - phambi kwezitho ze-bioluminescent ezisemagumbini omlomo: ngenxa yazo, induku ihambela phansi inyamazane. Lezi zinhlobo zihlala ezindaweni ezishisayo nasezindaweni ezingaphansi kwezilwandle zaseNdiya nasePacific, kodwa zigebha kancane ngenxa yokuqina kwezilinganiso. Ukuzijabulisa kuthanda ebusuku, futhi emini ufihle emaphandleni nasemasenjini amadwala.

Izipanji ngaphansi kwamanzi

I-sponge-lira iyinhlangano ekhumbuza i-starfish. Ihlala ekujuleni kwamamitha angaphezu kuka-3000. Ngenxa yamagatsha aqondile ama-blades, ukuma kwalesi sidalwa kufana ne-lyre. I-Chondrocladia i-lyra izingela ngokudla okunzima kakhulu ngendlela yama-crustaceans amancane.

Ama-Clowns nama-Harlequin

I-harlequin ye-Trubkoryl - esinye sezizakhamuzi eziyingqayizivele zasolwandle, ezingaba njengehlumela le-algae futhi liguqulwe kahle. Ngokubukeka, i-harlequin ifana ne-seahorse noma i-igloo.

Ama-clowns asezinhlanzi atholakala emazweni asezindaweni ezishisayo nasezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba futhi abe yizilwane ezidliwayo. Ukubamba inyamazane, abadingi ngaphezu kwesigamu esisodwa. Lezi zinhlanzi zasolwandle zihlukaniswa ukubonakala kwangaphandle okukhanyayo, ngenxa yokuthi bathola igama elinjalo lokuqala. Ijubane elikhulu lokuzingela lingezici zabo ezihlukile. Olunye uhlobo olubizwa ngokuthi i-Sargasso Sea Clown, olukwazi ukulingisa i-algae.

I-Crayfish nezinsipho

Omunye wabamemezeli abathandekayo be-crayfish yi-mantis, enezinhlobonhlobo kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Lezi zidalwa zikwazi ukubona imibala engu-12, kanye nemisebe ye- ultraviolet neye- infrared. Ngenxa yalesi sakhiwo, amehlo e-crayfish angabona izinhlobo ezahlukene zamakhorali, anqume ama-prey kanye nezilwane. Phakathi nokuhlaselwa kwesidla imivimbo ye-mantis ngezinyawo eziqinile.

Isigubhu sezilwandle si-arthropod, esenzeka eMedithera, eCaribbean, e -Arctic Ocean. Namuhla, ososayensi bayazi izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-1 300 zalesi sifundo, kanti ubude babo buhluka phakathi kuka-90 cm. Izipikisi, njengezwe "izihlobo", zinemilenze engu-8, i-proboscis eyamncelisa ukudla emathunjini. Iningi labantu lithandekayo. Lezi zidalwa zitholakala emanzini emazweni afana ne-Australia, iNew Zealand, i-United States, kanye nasezilwandle zaseCaribbean naseMedithera.

Amabhubesi namaDragons

Izinhlanzi -zingonyama - enye yempilo eyingozi kakhulu emanzini. Ubude bomuntu abufinyeleleki ku-30 cm, kuyilapho iningi lesikhathi isidalwa singasimanga. Naphezu kwemibala yayo enhle nesimo esingavamile, izinhlanzi zezingonyama ziqukethe izinaliti ezibukhali nezinobuthi, ezivikela kuzo ezitheni.

Inhlanzi-idrako iyahlukahluka emaphethweni ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okwenziwa ngesikhathi kuqhuma ukuqhuma. Ubude bomzimba buyi-35 cm kuphela.