Igor Grabar, Umdwebo "amazolo ayiqhwa" - one of the best Russian landscape imidwebo

ESoviet Union, wonke umuntu wayazi ukuthi obani i-Igor Grabar. Ukudweba «I Mashi Snow" wayejwayelene kusukela izincwadi. Ezivelele Russian umculi, abadumile ngumbuyiseli futhi umklomelo abanamakhono art ngokuba wokulandisa yemiqulu emibili mayelana Ile Repine Stalin Prize, Igor Emmanuilovich wayethandwa abaningi ngoba eliyingqayizivele futhi kakhulu namathafa amahle bemvelo Russian.

umculi isiRashiya, bazalwa aphesheya

Uyise wayengumGreki Ilungu lePhalamende Austria, ngakho ikusasa umculi brilliant bemvelo Russian Grabar (isithombe "ka-February azure" - ubufakazi ecacile) wazalelwa e Budapest. Wabhapathizwa eSontweni Lobu-Orthodox, futhi ibhapathizwa yakhe kwaba umalume edumile umculi Russian Kustodiev eyayizobusa ubhala portrait abadumile Igorya Emmanuilovicha. Kodwa ngo-1880 Olga Grabar alethe indodana yakhe e-Russia. High school, waya esifundazweni Yegorievsk Ryazan. Okulandelayo kwaba uzothatha indondo yegolide ngokuba ukuqeqeshwa eMoscow Lyceum Tsesarevicha Nikolaya (1889), Faculty of Law Petersburg University, wayiqeda, wayifulela e 1893, futhi choice of ibhizinisi main zokuphila kwakhe. I. E. Grabar, ogama isithombe "Balustrade" (1901) wathi ngaye njengoba amakhosi abanamakhono futhi yokuqala, ekubeni umculi. Ezinsukwini impilo Petersburg, waya studio ka Ili Repina, owaba Thixo yakhe, kanye Andrei Rublev. Naye ngesikhathi esifanayo e Russian Imperial Academy of Arts wafunda Malyavin, Bilibin, Somov.

ekubeni

Ngo-1895, umdwebi waya Italy bese eYurophu. ERussia Grabar wabuya ngo-1901, futhi ubuhle bemvelo Russian ivulekile phambi kwakhe ku ukukhanya entsha. Ngenxa ukushaqeka yayo umculi wazama ukudlulisela imidwebo ezimbalwa - "White Winter", "" Mashi Snow ".

"Februwari-azure"

Izinkundla kwaba canvas okuyinto ngo-1904 wabhala Igor Grabar - ". Februwari lazuli" Isithombe ugcwele a izinkondlo ekhethekile, omunye umsindo amavesi uBoris Pasternak "ngo-February. Thola inki nikhale! Bhala ngakho, baba nesilokozane. " Futhi Grabar wabhala ngokudweba kakhulu ngamandla. Lona omunye imidwebo yakhe liyabonakala kakhulu, kuba - omunye walabo imidwebo adala nombhali wakhe igama siqu. Umdwebi wayejabula kakhulu kulo msebenzi ubonisa libalele, usuku oluthile lwasebusika, ngisho edolobheni. Ngenjabulo enkulu uJehova ayizwayo isithombe, wayezizwa umoya kancane entwasahlobo.

Yena zaveza wobuciko lakhe umculi Dugino. Ukuze uthumele kanye nebanga izihlahla emkhathizwe, futhi omkhulu nenqwaba emoyeni ngokumelene esibhakabhakeni azure, Grabar ukhethe engela sengathi kancane ngezansi, ngoba yena amba umsele eqhweni ngokujulile, futhi wambeka lapho Iyizeli. Umdwebi nomuzwa wokuthi uma adlulisele okungenani ingxenye ubuhle awubonayo, uthole ngendwangu okukhulu.

Charm Umdwebo uhlukile. Izihlahla kwakubonakala ukudansa indulungu umculi emaphakathi birch isihlahla ozithandayo. usayizi wesithombe - 104 cm ubude 80 cm ububanzi. Kwaba kuhle ukuthi ngokushesha yazuza uMkhandlu Tretyakov Igalari. Lo msebenzi, futhi kuze kube namuhla ungomunye yobuciko zako ezisemqoka. Kungase kube wanezela ukuthi iwebhu phakathi namashumi izithombe best zomhlaba.

Winter, ilanga, birch, isithwathwa ...

Enye wobuciko ukuthi wadala Grabar - "Rime", isithombe ngo-1905. Uma esibhala wedwa, nalokho bekusayoba asele inkumbulo isizukulwane esizayo, futhi izincwadi ku umdwebo. Lona omunye imidwebo ezingavamile, okungadingi abashiye ubani nandaba. It igubha ubuhle kanye ubunjalo yemvelo engafani eRussia futhi ngokwalo libonisa ukuthi umdwebo omkhulu Russian.

wayemthanda kakhulu ukudweba Grabar ebusika, ikakhulukazi iqhwa. Wayekholelwa ukuthi nge Ukuhamba landscape ubusika eziningi ukulahlekelwa. Lapho zibona izihlahla embozwe isithwathwa, cishe njalo, futhi konke kukhona ziqhathaniswa tale: "Yonke imithi e frost, isiliva, efana inganekwane esimangalisayo manje egcekeni ..." Futhi wonke umuntu uyazi izinkondlo Esenin of birch esiliva. Zonke ubuhle baleli Isenzakalo esingokwemvelo, ogujwa inqwaba yezimbongi kakhulu, kubonakala kulo mkhiqizo esiyingqayizivele. Grabar, isithombe okuyinto ngokuzinikela isithwathwa ebusika zaveza ukuthi "ukuphila Omangalisayo nokuntengantenga." Wayekholelwa ukuthi ngokwemvelo zimbalwa kakhulu izikhathi polyphonic njengoba isithwathwa uma libalele, zinjalo lezivakashi kakhulu. Ukukhanyisa eshintsha ngaso sonke isikhathi, ukudala umbala izikimu omusha oyingqayizivele.

wabiza amagatsha embozwe frost, idayimane lace, ekhanya ngayo yonke imibala in the "esibhakabhakeni oluluhlaza koqweqwe lwawo." On the ngendwangu usayizi 122,4 x 160,3 okungenhla kumane ephumelele nge force okukhulu. Mangisho, ukuthi ebusika namathafa I. Grabar - the best in art Russian, ikakhulukazi "Rime". Winter, libalele, enhle birch, iwuphawu Russia kanye nesimo isiRashiya, ubude, amahlamvu aluhlaza, zesiliva kanye like ukushaya. amagatsha zabo waphonsa phezu blue snow, blue nezithunzi onsomi. Belle ajabule futhi siziqhenye ubuhle babo. Kulesi umsebenzi wonke engavamile, yena bayamangala futhi kuyabamangaza isibukeli. Amafutha imidwebo, ukufa uhlangothi ezincane ayingxenye (divisionism) isithombe ophoqelelwe ukukhuluma ngembhali njengoba umsunguli impressionism Russian. Indwangu lilondolozwe Yaroslavl Art Museum.

Ngo Grabar eziningana izithombe ezahlukene naleli gama, futhi wonke omuhle kakhulu, kodwa umsebenzi ngo-1905 ukuthi bangcono kunabanye. Njengoba nje yimuphi birch ngokuthi Grabar, yini nje akazange ukuqhathanisa. Okusobala, it ufaneleka kwencazelo "isihlahla kwemvelo."

"... Yesenin sakhiwo, cishe waseBhayibhelini ..."

Esinye isithombe umculi wadala nazo zonke izimiso Impressionism. Lokhu eshiwo ngenhla, "Mashi Snow" ngo-1904. Lapha, njengoba kule imidwebo emibili eyedlule, adunyiswe kuze kube phakade ngilinqobile umphefumulo sineqhwa umculi phansi kwelanga. Ukushintshwa kwalo kwabonisa indlela amathunzi nemvelo ezizungezile, okungase wadluliselwa bonke shades of ehlaza komkayi, ebubende Lilac. Mashi unamacebo Russia lidlule Akumangalisi olunembile: kungcono entwasahlobo, kodwa iqhwa akusho ngisho bacabange zigcwale amanzi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ngokwenyama ngazizwa ushintsho zonyaka, naphezu abandayo.

On the ngendwangu okubonisa owesifazane osemusha ethwele amabhakede amanzi ijoka. Kungabonakala sengathi abavamile izindawo zasemaphandleni zibe zinhle - izakhiwo, kakade snowless izihlahla, lapho efihlekile maduze washesha umlimi bajabule frost. Kodwa protagonist ngendwangu - iqhwa. Wayengahlezi ekhanya, ebusika, akuyona qwa, kodwa luselude. He is esithombeni ongaphambili ku okuyinto ehlakazekile eziningi izindawo elikhanyayo. Iwebhu egcwele charm. Painting kancane ezichazwe ngenhla -. 80 kuphela x 62 cm lilondolozwe igalari Tretyakov.

Ngamunye owakhileyo ezweni eyaziwa ngokuba namathafa amahle bemvelo Russian emabhulashini geniuses ezifana Savrasov, Vasiliev, Shishkin, Levitan. Igor Emmanuilovich Grabar, Umculi Yabantu yeRussia, owawungumnyaka abaculi lokuqala Soviet ukhishwa isihloko zokuhlonipha "Ezigcwalisiwe Umculi", okufanelekelayo ukuba baqhubeka kulolu chungechunge ehlonishwayo. Kuhle kakhulu yakhe kwenkundla zangaphambi wamavukelambuso, kodwa imidwebo, abhalwe nenkathi yamaSoviet, kungekhona ukuthi sezizimbi kakhulu. Umculi solar nesithwathwa ebusika kanye kwentwasahlobo, Grabar kanye polity entsha wahlala komdwebi okukhulu.