Igama efanele? Akuve kumnandi!

Yini igama efanele? ihluke kanjani kwezinye amagama? Ukuze siphendule lo mbuzo, kufanele ugxumele umlando ulimi.

Umqondo "igama" ku-isiRashiya ibonisa ukuthi ingxenye inkulumo, esetshenziselwa igama othile noma into ethile. Kuyadingeka ukuze ukhombise into, mkhuba noma womuntu ochungechungeni efanayo. Ngokuvamile, ngolimi lwethu ezisebenzisa emabito ezivamile noma substantivized. igama Proper negama ezivamile kungenzeka kubonisa amazwi, ngubani zibizwa zivela kwezinye izingxenye ze inkulumo. Ngokwesibonelo, inkulumo ethi "yokugezela" kuyizwi yokuqala isiphawulo, futhi "bangaya endlini lencane" design - substantivized ibizo.

Ibizo - iyona tenkhulumo (emangalisayo, self), ngenhloso okuyinto igama into, into umuntu. Lokhu ithokheni esinikelweko ungabiza Animate ngisho nezinto ezingaphili. Ibizo nakho kungaba yabo noma ibizo ezivamile. Ithebula, ensimini, ibhokisi, inkomo, isithunzi - emabito Emabitomvama. Basil, eMoscow, P. - emabito elisho igama siqu. Ekutadisheni kwabo egatsheni ezikhethekile isayensi, ngokuthi onomastics.

Proper emabito - isigaba ebanzi kakhulu.

Lezi zihlanganisa:

• Amagama abantu (Irina, Nikolay Petrovich eLvov, Marivanna (eyayivame.), P.).
• Amagama onkulunkulu (uZeyusi, uQuetzalcoatl).
• Izidlaliso izilwane (Beetle, Muska).
• Amagama ezindawo (Vladivostok, Red Sea, Antarctica).
• Izihloko izincwadi, izingoma, imisebenzi yobuciko, njll ( "Zezıhlabane Snow", "Anna Karenina", "Mona Lisa", "Swan zibonise ukwethembeka").

Imininingwane ngokuvamile ugcina kule ngezigaba, okuyinto kuveza abafundi mayelana welithi "igama eliyibizoqho". Ukutadisha ujule ikuvumela ukuba uhlukanise kulesi sigaba ku:

• Amagama abo - naleyo ayelinike umuntu ngemva kokuzalwa kwakhe (linguLidiya, ngokuthi Petru).
• Patronymic (patronymic) (V, S.).
• Amagama umndeni noma tribal (bahlanganisa amagama).
• Cryptonyms. Abanye abantu wenza yokufihla igama langempela, futhi umuntu ukubiza abanye (ukukhohlisa imimoya). Lokhu kuzokwenza cryptonym.
• Anthroponomy noma izihloko imisebenzi ebhaliwe.
• Eponyms. Kuyinto kulesi sigaba ngeke igama efanele, yabelwe isici ezindawo emva iqhawe sangempela othile wasenganekwaneni isicelo. Ngokwesibonelo, e-Athens, eThebes WaseByzantium njll

igama Proper, elisho igama (ezindawo), esivame ukubizwa ngokuthi indawo-igama, kanye nesayensi lapho efundelwa emabito ezinjalo - amagama endaweni.

Indawo-amagama kungabuye izigaba. Kubalulekile ukutadisha ngokucophelela okwengeziwe.

Phakathi kwamagama indawo zihlukaniswa:

• amagama Settlement noma amagama ezindaweni. Futhi amagama amadolobha okukhulunywe astionimam nasemizaneni, nasemizaneni zokwakheka ezincane - ukuze komonimam. Lions, Bataisk, Sinegorye - astionimy. Kryachko (isigodi), Red (ipulazi), Merry (isigodi) - komonimy.
• Ukufaka amagama hydronyms amachibi iVolga, oLwandle Olumnyama, ukusakaza, njll ukuqhumisa.
• Amagama zezintaba zingezakhe ukuze oronyms: Ural, eNtabeni i-Everest, le Carpathians.
• Urbanoidy (igama lomuzi zihlanganisa): nePentagon (igama ezidumile yezitolo Rostov kwakubangelwa ukufana yezakhiwo nenhlangano eponymous.).
• Agoronimy (igama isikhala): Red, Theatre, futhi godonimy (amagama emigwaqo): Shevchenko wamaKhomanisi.
• Amagama sesitimela okukhulunywe dromonimam: North-Caucasus sesitimela, i-BAM, Kasilika eya.
• Amagama izikhala ezinkulu lingenamuntu ngokuthi horonimami nezincane - microtoponyms.

Kukhona ngezigaba esinemininingwane, futhi Ngamanye amazwi ukuthi "igama eliyibizoqho" esibiza ngalo. Ngokwesibonelo, amagama izindiza ( "Ruslan" "Antey", "Black Shark") ebekwe elithi "aeronautonimy".

ngezigaba eningiliziwe emabito wafunda amakhono philological.