Imikhondo: izibonelo. Imikhondo ngesiRashiya

Nsuku zonke sibhekana mass esebenzisa inkulumo kwezobuciko, ngokuvamile zisebenzisa nezwi labo, ngisho okusho ukuthi. Sithanda ukukhumbuza umama ukuthi kwadingeka izandla wegolide; Siyakhumbula izimbadada, kuyilapho sekukudala aphume ukusetshenziswa jikelele; esabe ukuthenga ingulube in a xhoxha futhi hyperbolizing izinto kanye izenzakalo. Konke lokhu - indlela, izibonelo ezingasetshenziswa kubonakala hhayi kuphela ezincwadini kodwa futhi inkulumo lawo wonke umuntu.

Uyini esebenzisa kwezobuciko inkulumo?

Igama elithi "indlela" lisuselwe kwelesiLatini elithi igama lesiGreki elithi tropos, okusho "isifenqo" ku isiRashiya. Zisetshenziswa ukwenza inkulumo engokomfanekiso, ngosizo lwabo izinkondlo namaprozi ngendlela emangalisayo ekhululekile. Pathways izincwadi, izibonelo zazo ingatholakala cishe noma yikuphi inkondlo nobe indzaba, bakha ungqimba ahlukene kolimi yesimanje. Kuye isimo, ukusetshenziswa kwezimali zabo zihlukaniswe lucebe, syntactic nebugagu izibalo. Emizileni zisabalele hhayi kuphela izincwadi, kodwa nokuthi esikhathini ubugagu, ngisho yokukhuluma yemihla ngemihla.

izindlela lucebe ulimi Russian

Nsuku zonke, sisebenzisa amagama ngendlela ethile ukuhlobisa it, kwenze bazwakale. emizileni Bright, okuyizinto izibonelo ezingenakubalwa ku imisebenzi yobuciko, akukho ayibalulekile kunalokho izindlela lucebe.

• Bomcondvophika - amagama anencazelo okuphambene.
• Synonyms - vala ngokwencazelo yaleli amayunithi lucebe.
• Isisho - inhlanganisela ukumelana ehlanganisa izinto ezimbili noma ngaphezulu lucebe ukuthi kukhona wokufihla kungaba kufanisa ukuze igama elilodwa.
• Lwesigodi - amazwi, ezivamile kuphela endaweni ethile.
• Archaisms - amazwi ephelelwe yisikhathi ngoba izinto noma izenzakalo nozakwabo yesimanje zikhona impucuko sokuphila kwabantu.
• Historicism - a term elisho izinto yokuqothulwa noma izenzakalo.

Imikhondo ngolimi Russian (izibonelo)

Okwamanje, indlela yokukhuluma wobuciko kubukiswe ngayo umsebenzi omkhulu we-classic. Ngokuvamile kuba izinkondlo, ballads, izinkondlo, izindaba kanye amanoveli ngezinye izikhathi. Bona ukuhlobisa it ngiwunike izithombe.

• Tiga tenkhulumo - esikhundleni izwi elilodwa nomunye contiguity. Ngokwesibonelo: In the New Year phakathi kobusuku wonke umgwaqo wase waphuma ukuvumela iziqhumane.
• Epithet - incazelo engokomfanekiso, enikeza isihloko nokunye okwengeziwe. Ngokwesibonelo: Ingabe Masha babengophuma langa usilika curls.
• Synecdoche - igama ingxenye lonke. Ngokwesibonelo: Lapho ubuhlakani wezangaPhandle futhi izifundo isiRashiya, futhi uFinn, kanye eyiNgisi, futhi lwesiTatar.
• Ukuzenza ongeyena - ukunikezwa izimfanelo Animate bento ezingaphili noma mkhuba. Ngokwesibonelo: Isimo sezulu ikhathazekile, uthukuthele, ngezihluthu futhi kamuva umzuzu waqala imvula.
• Ukuqhathanisa - inkulumo, eyakhelwe ukuqhathanisa izinto ezimbili. Ngokwesibonelo: laKho nazo elimnandi futhi ayilutho efana entwasahlobo imbali.
• Isingathekiso - ngokudlulisela izakhiwo into eyodwa kuya kwenye. Ngokwesibonelo: umama Izandla zethu segolide.

Pathways ezincwadini (izibonelo)

Emelelwa esebenzisa inkulumo kwezobuciko kuyaqabukela lisetshenziswe inkulumo yomuntu yesimanje, kodwa lokho akusho inciphe ukubaluleka kwabo ifa kwezincwadi abalobi enkulu futhi izimbongi. Ngakho, litotes futhi ihaba ngokuvamile ukuthola ukusetshenziswa e izindaba satirical futhi allegory - e izinganekwane. Ngawakhe amazwi asetshenziswa ukuze ugweme ukuphindaphindelwa umbhalo wobuciko noma inkulumo.

• Litotes - kweswela kwezobuciko. Ngokwesibonelo: Siba ifektri ukusebenza ongumlimi nge uzipho.
• Phindza uhlele kabusha - amagama esikhundleni oqondile lechazako inkulumo. Ngokwesibonelo: Ikakhulukazi namuhla, ophuzi ebusuku ukukhanya (Moon).
• Allegory - isithombe nesithombe abstract into. Ngokwesibonelo: izimfanelo Human - ngobuqili, wobugwala, ukungakhululeki okuthile - zembuliwe uhlobo impungushe, nonogwaja, ibhere.
• Ihaba - ihaba ngamabomu. Ngokwesibonelo: Umngane wami Liyindawo izindlebe omkhulu, ubukhulu ikhanda.

isifenqo

Umqondo zonke umbhali - uyihlupha umfundi futhi ayidingi impendulo izinkinga ezibangelwa. A nomphumela ofanayo kufezwa ngokusebenzisa omuhle wobuciko ka lengafuni mphendvulo, enjabulo, izikhalazo okuzenzakalelayo. Konke lokhu - ezindledlaneni futhi izifenqo, izibonelo okungase ajwayelekile kuwo wonke umuntu. Ukusebenzisa kwabo enkulumweni yansuku zonke ngokuvunyelwa, into esemqoka - ukwazi isimo, lapho kufaneleka.

ubuza umbuzo ongafuni mpendulo efakwa ekugcineni kwemusho futhi ayidingi impendulo kusuka umfundi. Yena lisenza sicabange ngayo izinkinga esiphuthumayo.

isibabazo lehhungako uphela imisho ibalulekile. Ukusebenzisa lesi sibalo, umbhali kudinga isinyathelo. Lokumemeza Kufanele ubheke "umzila".

Izibonelo izikhalazo bokukhuluma ingatholakala Pushkin ( "Ukuze Chaadaev", "Ukuze Yasolwandle"), Lermontov ( "Ukushona Poet"), kanye nezinye zabuna eziningi. Kuyinto esebenzayo hhayi kumuntu othize, kodwa wonke isizukulwane noma inkathi iyonke. Ukusebenzisa it in an umsebenzi wobuciko, umlobi ongabasola noma, kunalokho, ukuze uvumele izenzo.

ukuthula lehhungako ngenkuthalo asetshenziswe kwehliswa kwelizinga lyrical. Umlobi akusho ukuveza umqondo wakhe ngokusebenzisa futhi kuphakamisa ngokucacile elandelayo.

syntactic izibalo

izindlela ezinjalo siyithola ngokwakha iziphakamiso futhi zihlanganisa oda izwi, umgwaqo izimpawu zokubhala; bathuthukisa ethakazelisayo futhi ezithakazelisayo design iziphakamiso, ngakho zonke umbhali izama ukusebenzisa lezi imizila. Izibonelo obonakalayo ikakhulukazi uma ukufunda umkhiqizo.

• Polysyndeton - ukwanda ngenhloso kunombolo nezinyunyana isiphakamiso.
• Asyndeton - akukho Izinyunyana ku okubaliwe lezinto, izenzo, noma imicimbi.
• impindamqondo Syntactic - Ukuqhathanisa izenzakalo ezimbili nezithombe zabo ngokulinganisa.
• Okuqhubekayo - ukungenzi ngenhloso eziningana wemagama emshweni.
• Kombhala - kokunikezwa kwe-oda kwamagama ukwakhiwa.
• Parcelling - division ngenhloso lomusho.

izifenqo

Emizileni isiRashiya, njengoba kuboniswe ekusabeleni ngenhla, alupheli, kodwa ungakhohlwa ukuthi kukhona omunye kunemibandela labelwe kwesigaba izindlela yokukhuluma. Yobuciko izibalo zidlala indima ebalulekile ngokubhala nekukhuluma.

• Anaphora - ukuphindaphindwa kokuqala inkulumo izingxenye.
• Epiphora - ukuphindaphindwa lokugcina inkulumo izingxenye.
• Ukuthweswa iziqu - a enyukele kancane kancane futhi njalo kuqina kwelinye iphuzu ziye kwelinye.
• Pun - ukusetshenziswa emshweni lofanako amazwi afanayo Ukushaywa nezincazelo ezahlukene.
• Upholavuthondaba - umahluko omkhulu okhona phakathi.
• Oxymoron - ngokuhlanganisa amagama okuphambene ephumelelayo.

Uhlu izibonelo tropes

Abafundi besikole samabanga aphakeme, abaphothula humanities amandla futhi Philologists kubalulekile ukwazi izindlela ezihlukahlukene yokukhuluma kwezobuciko, nalapho kusetshenziswa imisebenzi classical kanye wesimanje. Uma ufuna ukwazi kabanzi, yiziphi imizila, itafula izibonelo lapho ushintsha eziningi izihloko etemibhalo ezibucayi.

Indima izindlela yokukhuluma wobuciko

Ukusetshenziswa tropes enkulumweni yansuku zonke amphakamise umuntu ngamunye kwenza ukufunda kwakhe futhi abafundile. Nge izindlela ezihlukahlukene yokukhuluma wobuciko kungatholakala noma yimuphi umsebenzi tetemibhalo, izinkondlo noma temibhalo yephrozi. Trail izibalo, izibonelo okufanele ukwazi nokusebenzisa wonke umuntu self-ukuhlonipha ongenayo i ngezigaba ocacile, ngoba unyaka nonyaka, izazi zolimi ososayensi basaqhubeka befuna ukuhlola kule ndawo isiRashiya. Uma ingxenye kwekhulu lamashumi amabili wesibili, walulama kuphela isingathekiso, tiga tenkhulumo kanye synecdoche manje uhlu uye ngakhula ngaphezu kwanoma ngokuphindwe kayishumi.