Zefilosofi abadumile: amaGreki asendulo - abasunguli indlela yokuthola futhi ukwazi iqiniso

amazwi zefilosofi ezidumile namuhla lasendulo bazongena esitelekeni ukujula yabo. Ngesikhathi sakhe sokuphumula, amaGreki asendulo baye wasikisela mayelana nemithetho ekukhuleni komphakathi kanye nemvelo, futhi indima yomuntu kwi-jikelele. Okunjalo zefilosofi owaziwa njengo uSocrates, kaPlato no-Aristotle wadala ekhethekile indlela yokufunda, esisetshenziselwa nanamuhla kuzo zonke ngaphasi komkhakha wezesayensi. Ngakho-ke, wonke umuntu ofundile namuhla kumelwe nakanjani ukuqonda imibono lemcoka okuye ongqondongqondo elikhulu kangaka.

Famous zefilosofi yamaGreki asendulo eqinisweni waba okhokho bonke sciences ngokuhlakulela izisekelo zabo theory. Harmony nobuhle - yilesi isisekelo sanoma yimuphi ukucabanga kwabo. Yingakho amaGreki, ngokungafani ozakwabo waseGibhithe, wafuna ukubhekana kuphela nemfundiso, funa umkhuba uyobhubhisa obugagu nokucacisa iziphetho.

zefilosofi eqaphelekayo yaseGrisi yasendulo -, ngaphezu kwakho konke, uSocrates, uPlato no-Aristotle. Kuyinto nabo udinga ukuqala ekutadisheni ekuthuthukiseni izindlela ukucinga iqiniso. Lezi zefilosofi owaziwa wadala nezimiso eziyisisekelo eziye kakade wathola ukuthuthukiswa ngqo emsebenzini asebenza nabo, kuhlanganise abaphila manje. Ake sicabangele ngasinye salezi kabanzi.

USocrates kuyinto umsunguli indlela dialectical ka ekutholeni futhi ukwazi iqiniso. Isimiso sakhe ebaluleke kakhulu kwakuyisimo inkolelo intelligibility zomhlaba ngokusebenzisa ulwazi yena. Ngokusho uSocrates, umuntu ohlakaniphile ayikwazi ukwenza izenzo ezimbi, ngakho ulwazi okumayelana nokuziphatha edala ubuhle alinganayo. Yonke imicabango yakhe, yena bachazela abafundi bakhe ngomlomo ngesimo ingxoxo. Abasezinhlanganweni bekusolo bakwazi ukuveza imibono yabo, kodwa uthisha cishe njalo ephethwe ebancenga ukuba aqaphele incorrectness izikhundla zabo, bese ukuba semthethweni imibono yakhe, kusukela Petrus - kubuye umsunguli ekhethekile, "yokucabanga" indlela ingxabano. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi USocrates akazange avumelane izimiso eziyisisekelo intando yeningi ngesiGreki, ngoba kukholelwa ukuthi umuntu engakathenjiswa umshado kwezombusazwe, alinalo ilungelo ukukhuluma ngakho.

Zonke yesimanje elaziwayo idealist zefilosofi bathembele ngokuyinhloko emfundweni kaPlato. Ngokungafani uSocrates, ngoba izwe lakhe lapho elisizungezile ungameli iqiniso umgomo. Izinto - kungcono umane uwukubonakaliswa sibonelo angunaphakade ezingeguquleke. Nobuhle uPlato - kuba umqondo yasekuqaleni, okuyinto akanawo izici eziyisisekelo, kodwa lapho umuntu uzizwa ezikhathini ezikhethekile ugqozi. Wonke la malungiselelo kahle aliveza imisebenzi efana "UMbuso", "Phaedrus" futhi "Idili."

U-Aristotle, eyaziwa ngokuthi uthisha umlawuli omkhulu Aleksandra Makedonskogo, nakuba yayineminyaka engu-umfundi kaPlato, kodwa imibono yakhe ngokwesimo ngokuyisisekelo ungavumelani. Nobuhle ngaye - lokhu kuyinto impahla inhloso, okungenzeka sibangela ezintweni ezithile. Ihlala ku wesimethri nokuzwana enkulu. Yingakho u-Aristotle inamathela kakhulu izibalo. Kodwa ukhokho kahle nesayensi yeqiniso, yebo, baba Pythagoras.