Yini igama loqobo ehlelelwe imoto "Wokunqoba"? Lasekuqaleni igama imoto "Wokunqoba" eU.SSR

Umlando kweSoviet imoto umkhakha idale zinganekwane eziningi futhi izindaba abadumile. Abaningi babo baye babhekana ngokwabo umkhiqizo we izimoto. Enye yalezi izindaba indaba kanjani ekuqaleni ngokuthi imoto "Wokunqoba".

Umsuka iphrojekthi

"Ukunqoba" yavela emigwaqeni zaseSoviet engxenyeni 40s yesibili. Lo msebenzi lwenteke kulamazinga lalandzelako: i Gorky Automobile Plant. Umqondo womuntu oyedwa ugibele imoto entsha owazalwa abaklami, kwaba sobala ukuthi esidala "gazovskih" imodeli akusebenzi. Phakathi kwabo kanye yakamuva embonini yezimoto kuye kwaba theku okuphawulekayo eminyakeni kweshumi. Nge kwaqedwa lweMpi Enkulu Patriotic komnotho Soviet ekugcineni zaqala alulame. Kwakukhona imithombo nemali ukudala futhi ekukhiqizweni imodeli entsha.

Igama yokuqala imoto "Wokunqoba" esiye saxoxa ngaso esigabeni sokugcina sokwakha. Kodwa entsha imoto iphrojekthi ngokwayo Gorky Automobile wabonakala ngo-1943. Khona-ke uhulumeni wanikeza umsebenzi Gaz Ochwepheshe ukuthuthukisa imodeli entsha esezingeni eliphakathi nendawo. amakhosi Domestic eseqala ukukhetha teluhlaka kanye kwepulani okuyisibonelo.

indima kukaStalin ngo ukuvela "Wokunqoba"

Abantu abaningi bayazibuza ukuthi igama yokuqala imoto "Wokunqoba" akakuthandanga uStalin. Akumangalisi ukuthi inhloko yawo likahulumeni waseSoviet ngaleso sikhathi elawulwa zonke izitayela ezimbonini kanye yezimoto ebalulekile kuleli zwe. Stalin omula kuqala iminyaka emihlanu. Nguye reconfigured emnothweni zaseSoviet kwezimboni ophoqelelwe. Kubandakanya ongunobhala jikelele uqobo wengamela lapho edala izulu Gorky Automobile Plant in the 30s. Esikhathini esizayo, uStalin yakulalelisisa okwenzekayo kule ezibalulekile lonke ibhizinisi isimo.

Ngo-1944, i-Kremlin kwaba inkulumo isampula imoto esikhathini esizayo. Ukubaluleka yomcimbi yayithi cwe. Uma kwenzeka okuphumelela ezisezikhundleni eziphakeme kunazo zonke igunya futhi imvume kuzo ukukhulula imoto bekumele iye ekukhiqizweni.

Ukukhetha igama

Ngakho lokho igama yokuqala imoto "Wokunqoba" akakuthandanga Stalin? Umuntu wokuqala ngokuningiliziwe ukutshelwa zonke izici eyethulwe imoto. Ekugcineni, baphendukela kwesihloko. Inhloko eSoviet Union ezihlongozwayo okuhlukile "Ezweni." Yilokho igama original ehlelelwe imoto "Wokunqoba". Stalin 'yesibonakaliso' enjalo akakuthandanga. Kukhona legend ukuthi wittily baphendula umbuzo kulokhu kunikezwa: "Futhi njani manje Rodina"

Ngemva kwalokho igama njalo kwakubekelwa kukhukhuliwe. Noma kunjalo izikhulu zikahulumeni, wengamela imoto yephrojekthi esizayo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ukhethe yokushisekela izwe. Ngakho-ke, lo musho olandelayo kwaba igama "Wokunqoba". Lolu khetho wanika uStalin. "Ezweni" (ie, igama loqobo lokho kuhlelwe imoto "Wokunqoba") - lo misfire kuphela iphrojekthi.

izici Technical

Ngo esigabeni sokuqala ukuklama imoto izici zakhe eziyisisekelo sitayela lobuchwepheshe aye atholakala. Kits wakhetha ukunika umshini ephansi gumbi phansi eziphoqelelwe phezu phambi amandla oluvala amasondo iyunithi, ezimele phambi ukumiswa springiness. Igama yokuqala imoto "Wokunqoba" ( "Motherland") Kwakuhlelwe ukunikeza umnikazi a monocoque wingless nge umumo ovikelekile. Ngokuya ukubukeka izixazululo tibonwa sikhathi kwaba imibono yesimanje kakhulu. Ngokwe-mbono abaklami, "Wokunqoba" wawungelona nje uhide umshini. Waba wuphawu isithunzi yonke eSoviet imoto umkhakha.

Induna yasendaweni yokuhlunga oqondile yephrojekthi kwaba umklami induna Gorky isitshalo Andrei Lipgart. Nguye ekugcineni amangalelwe zonke izixazululo lobuchwepheshe ahlobene ngayo nezakhi imoto. Lipgart futhi wakhetha ilogo imodeli entsha. Kwakuwusuku incwadi "M," elaba kutjhiwo ke igama simila. Esikhathini 30s zakuqala ke iqanjwe kabusha "Molotovets 'behlonipha ukhomishana kazwelonke kanye Stalin eseduze , Vyacheslav Molotov. Isitayela in logo olufana amazinyo ka Nizhny Novgorod ezibiyele, kanye itiye - uphawu komfula omkhulu iVolga.

Umthelela impi ku imoto

Yiqiniso, igama yokuqala imoto "Wokunqoba" kwaba yokushisekela izwe. Indlela yesibili kwaba ukusikisela ngembaba okuphumelela eMpini Yezwe II. Phakathi ilwa eJalimane lobuNazi ochwepheshe yasekhaya yazuza okuhlangenwe nakho eliyigugu ukusebenza onobuhle angaphandle izimoto. Lawa kwakungamadodana izimoto ethatha Wehrmacht futhi ngokuqondile e-Germany. Inani elikhulu of izimoto ubonakele eSoviet Union ngemva kwempi njengoba ethumba imishini isitha.

Futhi, nabaningi onobuhle yangena kuleli zwe lisuka eMelika. US iziphathimandla ohlelweni Unikeza Ubufakazi-zokuqashisa sathathwa kokuphindela eSoviet Union eziningi izimoto. Experience in ukusetshenziswa le ndlela kwasiza Ochwepheshe Soviet ukucacisa izinqumo lobuchwepheshe kanye nomklamo eziphathelene imoto entsha. Akumangazi ukuthi igama yokuqala imoto "Wokunqoba" kuthiweni. Gaz ingane entsha eyayizoba omunye ukulwa amabutho oyingqophamlando ka-Third Reich.

Kokuqala zokukhiqiza uchungechunge

Izimoto zokuqala "Wokunqoba" zavezwa ehlobo lika-1946. Nokho, Letindlela, yayimane nje luhlaka. Ochwepheshe obkatyvali eseyintsha futhi lwahlolwa yona khona amaphutha lobuchwepheshe. Ukuhlaziywa lwathatha izinyanga eziningana. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, le yokwakha waya 23 imoto. Bonke ke baba rarity ngalendoda esiyingqayizivele sika.

Igama yokuqala imoto "Wokunqoba" eSoviet Union Walahlwa uStalin. Yiqiniso, uNobhala Jikelele waba umuntu wokuqala ngqá ukubona imodeli production. It senziwa ngo-1947. Stalin bathandile imoto. Ngemuva kwemvume yayo, mass samanje, waqala ekukhiqizweni. senkulungwane 'Wokunqoba "abuthana Februwari 1948 off the line umhlangano.

isidingo ukuguqulwa

"Ukunqoba" kwenziwa eminyakeni 1946-1958. Ngalesi sikhathi yena wadabula ukulungiswa eziningana. Lokhu kwenzeke ngoba ekuqaleni 50s sobala design amaphutha ngaphambi imodeli yesimanje. Baye zihlotshaniswa ukusebenza engezansi yomzimba. Ophahleni ngaphezu kwesihlalo ezingemuva awuhlezi abagibeli. Isiqu sawo ayikwazanga ukuziqhayisa umthamo omkhulu.

Yini igama yokuqala imoto "Ukunqoba" ayebheka abaklami? Babefuna ukunikeza imoto igama "Rodina", kodwa Stalin washintsha lokho kukhetha. Ukuze umshini baba enqobile ngempela njengoba igama layo, kufanele ibuyekezwe.

"Ukunqoba-nathi"

"Ukunqoba-US" ivelele phakathi amaphrojekthi isizukulwane sokuqala edumile imoto ukulungiswa. Lesi sihloko wayengeyena design. Kuyinto ireferensi isikhungo isimo engokwesayensi emkhakheni zezimoto. Ochwepheshe wayo baye banikeza ukuqala ukukhiqizwa omunye ukuguqulwa umshini uphawu.

I emisha esemqoka iwukuthi Sedan umzimba fastback bekumele itsatfwe sedan ezivamile. usofa Front ekamelweni inikeza ecacile, futhi endaweni yayo ukubeka izihlalo ahlukene nge sekugcineni ezithuthukisiwe. Phinda ukuhlela ezongenza ukwandisa kube nesikhala esingasetshenziselwa okuthile etholakalayo umshayeli nabagibeli. Ngokuvamile, ukuthuthukiswa lochwepheshe US yokuthuthukisa induduzo. Lezi imibono atikasetjentiswa ngenxa zibiza kakhulu iphrojekthi.