Usuku letibalulekile seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili: The Battle of kwaseStalingrad, ithangi empini Prokhorovka, impi ye-eKursk

Ngasekuqaleni kwehlobo lika-1941, futhi ngokunembile ngo-June 22, ukukhashelwa okhohlisayo we-German IMpi Yezwe II yaqala. Hitler nabangane bakhe Wasungula ipulani "Barbarossa", okuyinto eU.SSR kwadingeka wahlulwa ngokushesha. Lowo Mbhalo wangonyaka we sasayinwa ku 18 Disemba 1940.

Ngamunye wethu kumelwe akhe ukukhumbula usuku eziyisisekelo seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili, futhi ukuze uthumele lolu lwazi ku-izingane. Ekuqaleni ingxabano ibutho lamaJalimane kwaba eziqine kakhulu emhlabeni. Wasebenza kanyekanye ezindaweni ezintathu futhi kwadingeka ukuba ngokushesha uthatha aseBaltic, eLeningrad, Kiev and eMoscow.

Kwa- kuhlasela

Agasti 23, 1939 usayine isivumelwano okungezona ubudlova phakathi kwalawa mazwe amabili - eJalimane futhi i-USSR. Ezinye izazi-mlando zikholelwa ukuthi wasiza uqale nesimo wezempi.

Ngokwe inhlanganiso, kwala mazwe womabili kwadingeka ukuba agweme noma iziphi ubudlova, kokubili ngokuzimela futhi umbimbi namanye amandla. Osonkontileka futhi kwakungadingeki ukuba ukusekela womanyano, okungase kuhlanganise nakwamanye amazwe, uma izinhlelo zabo babe nezimpi aqondiswe eJalimane noma eSoviet Union. Abasayine kwakuyilawa:

• ukuphuma ngaphansi kweSoviet Union - Vyacheslav Molotov;
• kuthabathela ecaleni German - Joachim von Ribbentrop.

Usuku ngemuva kokuphothulwa yesivumelwano, iJalimane yahlasela iPoland.

Kungani mina kuhlulekile plan "Barbarossa"?

Zonke sizungezwe Hitler wayazi ukuthi zahlelwa ukuba liyobamba i-USSR. Isinqumo iqhinga wasithatha wathola Jikelele Marks. Wanikeza Hitler ezimbalwa ongakhetha kuzo. Kungani mina kuhlulekile plan "Barbarossa"? intelligence German ngokungalungile uhlolwa emandleni amabutho eU.SSR isimo salo iRed Army. Ngokusho kwakhe, isibonelo, eSoviet Union kwenziwe izikhathi eziyisithupha esingaphansi nezindiza zempi, kunalokho eliyikho ngempela kuyinto.

Qala ukuhilizisana

Belarus, Ukraine kanye Baltic uthi ngiye ngahlushwa nokubhonywa ngu izindiza German kuqala. Lokhu kwenzeke ngesikhathi 3:30 am 22 Juni 1941. Encwadini, Zhukov "Izinkumbulo Nezinkumbulo" nabo banikezwa izibalo ezilandelayo. Empini abathintekayo:

• 4950 ukulwa izindiza;
• 3712 amathangi;
• 153 ukwahlukana German.

abafundi basesikoleni esiphakeme ukufunda zonke izinsuku eziyisisekelo WWII, kodwa iningi labafundi kuthinta ekuqaleni kwawo. Kwakuyisikhathi kwelanga obunokuthula Juni 22 - abathweswe iziqu wabingelela kokusa, nathi wavalelisa esikoleni futhi ulungiselela ukuba umuntu omdala. Ngamunye wabo ayehlela namaphupho Ngahlukana amathangi German kanye nezindiza ezinemishini yokuthwebula ephambili. Goebbels azisa kuze akhe ukuba impi 5:30 am. Wayefunde ukwelashwa kaHitler eJalimane kanye umsakazo.

Brest Fortress - kwagadla yokuqala

Uma sicabangela zonke ezinkulu WWII usuku, ukuvikela inqaba emzini Brest - kuba feat Amazing amasosha, imindeni yabo kanye nje abantu. amabutho aseJalimane Bahlele ukuyisa ngisho ngosuku lokuqala empini.

Defense labetibambile abantu 3,500:

• 17 Umngcele iyunithi;
• Unit 6 th futhi 42 th elihamba ukuhlukana;
• Le-132 Ibutho we NKVD.

Brest Fortress yakhululwa amaJalimane 28 Julayi 1944.

Ikampu waqunywa wasuka Red Army. Ngenxa yalokho isiphepho wezikhali umlilo zonke izinto zokuxhumana kanye nezokuxhumana nezwe elingaphandle libhujisiwe. Kakade ngoJuni 24 amaNazi kancane athumba inqaba. Ukudubula lezwakala endaweni kuze Agasti.

Ummeli nobuqhawe we Brest Fortress - isibonelo esihle nokushisekela izwe lakithi. Meyi 8, 1965, wanikwa isihloko Hero-Fortress. Ngo-1971, waba yisikhumbuzo.

Impi yase-Smolensk

Kusukela ngoJulayi 10 kuya ku-September 10, 1941 zenzeka Battle of Smolensk. AmaNazi babe ngokumelene Western Front. Ngo ibutho Third Reich kwakukhona amasosha kabili njengoba ningi futhi kane amathangi eziningi. Umsebenzi lwamaNazi kwaba ukuphula Western yethu Front zibe izicucu futhi abhubhise amabutho ukuthi balimelela Smolensk. Ngale ndlela labo okwakulindeleke ukuba ukusula indlela eMoscow.

Battle of Smolensk - umcimbi WWII lapho amaJalimane zehlulekile okokuqala kusukela kuqale le ngxabano phakathi kweJalimane USSR. amasosha aseSoviet heroically bavikela lesi siqondiso izinyanga 2. Isitha akazange alindele ukumelana anjalo. Lokhu kuye kwaholela ukuwohloka oluphelele lwazo zonke izinhlelo Wehrmacht sika. Kunalokho, bamba okusheshayo eMoscow, isitha waphoqeleka ukuya ukuvikela izikhundla zabo.

Capture Ukraine

EJalimane lobuNazi ayezibone Ukraine osendaweni into ebalulekile. AmaJalimane kwakudingeka amalahle, okuyinto limbiwa IDonetsk esifundeni, Krivoy rog ore kanye umhlaba wokulima.

Uma sithatha umsebenzi amasu ke, athathe lesi indawo ye-Ukraine, amasosha aseJalimane angamsiza isiqondiso eseningizimu leqembu ephakathi ye ozakwabo ukuthunjwa eMoscow. Hitler ayikwazanga uwine ngesivinini sombani kuleli zwe, kodwa iRed Army kwadingeka ukuba lidele.

WWII Key sihlehlela eziphathelene Ukraine:

• IRed Army kwesokunxele inhloko-dolobha yase-Ukraine, ngo-September 19, 1941.
• amabutho aseJalimane matasa Odessa, October 16, 1941.
• LaseKharkov umaluju 24 Okthoba, 1941

abawinile Union

Agasti 14, 1941 lamiswa Atlantic Charter - idokhumenti okuyinto wabeka lesi Izinhloso ezinkulu impi ngokumelene uthi undlovukayiphikiswa. Izinkulumo yayiqhutshelwa emkhunjini British "iPrince of Wales", okuyinto wama Newfoundland. isimemezelo Ungene, Roosevelt futhi Churchill. ISoviet Union kanye namanye amazwe amaningi bajoyine Atlantic Charter 24 Septhemba 1941. Le ncwadi yenqubomgomo umfelandawonye anti-Hitler kuchazwe oda emhlabeni ngemva kokunqotshwa lwamaNazi futhi yaba isisekelo sezinguqulo ukudalwa UN.

Ongumlando Februwari 2 - Battle of kwaseStalingrad

Ukuthunjwa kwaseStalingrad kwakubalulekile ukuba amaNazi. AmaJalimane ayefuna bangene endleleni:

• Caucasus (uwoyela Amasimu);
• Wehlisa iVolga;
• Kuban;
• Don.

Kunzima ukucabanga ukuthi bekungaba kuhle kanjani uma amabutho aseJalimane ethumba kwaseStalingrad. Ngenxa yalokho, ibutho laseSoviet ngabe Elahlekile kwale misele ebaluleke kakhulu ezweni - eMfuleni iVolga. Izincwadi zazibhalwe imithwalo kusukela eCaucasus. Ukuthwebula izithombe kwaseStalingrad, isitha wafuna uyonquma eSoviet Union kusukela eningizimu emaphakathi ingxenye. Yikhulu namashumi amabili nanhlanu izinsuku izimpi abanolaka for emzini, kodwa kwaseStalingrad ngasinda. I standoff waqala Julayi 17, 1942, futhi ekupheleni ebusika 1943 (2 Februwari) kwaseStalingrad yatholana iwine.

Impi ye eKursk

Ngemva kokunqotshwa amaNazi at kwaseStalingrad, amabutho aseJalimane ziye esembula futhi wayefuna ukuziphindiselela. Ukunqoba kwe-iRed Army, wadala izimo ukuxoshwa isitha kusukela Ukraine. Ngo-December 1942 waqala yokukhululwa Donbass.

Julayi 5, 1943 waqala Battle of eKursk, eyathatha izinsuku 50. Yaphela ekunqobeni amasosha aseSoviet. The Battle of eKursk kwenza ukuba akhulule laseKharkov neminye imizi Ukraine:

• Poltava;
• Chernigov;
• zonke Donbass.

Prokhorovka (1943)

Ehlobo lika-1943, July 12, ngesikhathi Prokhorovka kwaba impi esaba sibi kakhulu emlandweni. Kungakapheli nehora, kwafika empini sagcwala amathangi agqoke, okuyinto wanamathela amathrekhi kwenkampani iphinde idilize kuze kube yilapho imoto isitha angaqhuma. amabutho aseSoviet heroically wasukuma kule mpi shaqa sesitha indlela eKursk.

Ekupheleni kweMpi: Managing

amabutho aseJalimane umaluju Meyi 9, 1945 at imizuzu 00:43 - ke kungukunqoba, umcimbi omkhulu e seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili. I zokuchitheka kwegazi okukhulu kunakho emlandweni wase-USSR ngxabano lempi yayithatha izinsuku 1418. 9 Meyi at 22:00 esibonakalisweni wokunqoba wanika salute kusukela lenqwaba izibhamu eMoscow.

Lokhu usuku ekupheleni kwempi yezwe yesibili, kodwa le ngxabano lempi wayengeyena ukuphela kwezwe. Kube isivumelwano sokuthula umbimbi, okuyinto kwakudingeka bafeze. Agasti 8, amabutho aseSoviet waqala ukulwa no-Japan. Ukuxabana eyathatha 2 amaviki. amasosha aseSoviet yahlulwa Manchuria enamandla Kwantung Army.

Ngokusho imibhalo, iSoviet Union sisesimweni sokuba itholane phezulu empini eJalimane kuze January 1955, ngokushesha nje lapho Zinikeleni awuzange dweba thula vumelwane.

Ungakhohlwa main WWII usuku - kungumsebenzi ngamunye wethu kulabo bavikela ezweni lakithi. SeMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili kwabulala abantu abayizigidi ezingu-65 emhlabeni wonke. Khumbula ukuthi udinga ukwenza nhlekelele embi kangaka ungalokothi wathinta esintwini.