Lapho kwaba nempi ye-Crecy?

Impi adumile Crécy senzeka ngo 1346. Kwaba impi kwesikhathi lokuqala eside Eminyakeni Eyikhulu neMpi phakathi eFrance naseNgilandi.

izimfanelo

Ngo 1337, i-King Edward III limenyezelwe ukutjho kwakhe esihlalweni sobukhosi French. Yena ifakwe uhambo ezinkulu futhi wazama uthwebule Paris. umkhankaso wakhe sokuqala senzeka ngo Flanders - isifunda e banamuhla Belgium. British Army kuhlulekile ukuba bahlasele France. Kwakuhlangene nezinkinga zezimali zenkosi, futhi Ukuhileleka kwakhe kuphumelele.

Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, u-Edward III unqume ukwenza omunye umzamo. Lesi sikhathi, nempi yakhe ifike laseNormandy. Army eholwa inkosi ngokwayo nendodana yakhe endala, u-Edward-Black Prince, owasizalela isihloko iPrince of Wales. Ehola ibutho French wayeyiNkosi French Philip VI Valois. Kuyinto lezi bamabutho baye babhekana laseNormandy. Umvuthwandaba umkhankaso kwaba nempi ye-Crecy.

kokwehla British laseNormandy

Zonke ihlobo 1346 Eduard wazama liyochukuluza mpi kwakulwa. Philip kwahluka manqikanqika futhi zinhlanga izikhathi eziningana okwamanje kubalulekile. Ngenxa lelisu, eBritish ayekade esesikhundleni lonke yaseNormandy, aze asongela ngisho enyakatho yeFrance, kuhlanganise Paris.

Ekugcineni, ngo-August 26, Edward III wasiphakamisa isikhundla kwi yokhalo eduze nedolobhana Crecy e Picardy. intelligence British akazange ukudanisa oyinhloko. Scouts libike ukuthi le nkosi French kuyadingeka nokuhlaselwa kwaleli ukunikina British. Nge kwenyanga entsha ngamunye empini eFrance kwaba obumbi bomnotho ngokuya lubonakale. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izifundazwe enyakatho kwaphangwa yibutho isitha, okuyinto sidla ngezithukuthuku bendawo.

Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, njengoba Edward lawela laseNormandy, walahlekelwa cishe ingxenye yeshumi amaviyo alo. Ngobusuku obandulela impi ngaphansi kwesandla sakhe, kwaba amasosha acishe abe yizinkulungwane 12. Kwaba amandla ukuthi kwakusinda kwehlela. On the British Army isampula ebhaliwe kabanzi Alfred Bern. "Battle of Crécy" - enye yezincwadi zakhe edume kakhulu ngokwesayensi futhi ethandwa enikelwe Ephakathi.

Ukwakhiwa amabutho

IsiZulu vanguard oholwa indlalifa Umqhele - Black Prince. Kuvame ezitholakele ku lontamo. Lokhu ukwakhiwa bekulokhu bendabuko impi ephakathi. Yena ubesizwa izinduna abanolwazi - Earl of Oxford no-Earl of Warwick. I flank kwesokudla elapha indunduma encane, ezinde phezu lonke British Army.

Ngokuvamile, onke amadoda empi ivuliwe emthambekeni, edonsa esigodini emfuleni. Ibutho labaqaphi elingemuva kwaba phezu flank ngakwesokunxele. Bakhandwa oholwa abadumile umlawuli wamabutho Earl of Northampton. Maphakathi ngemuva sivikele kwaba ibutho Reserve. Lezi amayunithi ayengaphansi kokulawula oqondile we-King Edward III. Mill bemi eduze, kwaba usizo njengesilwane okuthunyelwe observation.

ibutho Edward

Ngokuthakazelisayo, inkosi IsiZulu wanquma ukuthi impi ye Crécy kufanele ibe yimpi ngezinyawo. Ngobusuku obandulela wamabutho aseBrithani kunezivakashi ezithunywe amahhashi lakhe kulandelana. Wayekhona ezingemuva futhi ngokucophelela esiqashwe iyunithi sokuphumula. Edward wazenzela wena leso sinqumo iseluleko Earl of Northampton. Lokhu umkhuzi unikezele zisebenzisa isipiliyoni wakhe ophumelelayo ayewenza wokuhamba impi Battle of Morlaix, okwenzeka eminyakeni embalwa ngaphambili.

Indima ebalulekile ibutho Edward kudlalwa yabacibishelayo. Bakhandwa oyi-ecacisiwe izikhundla ukuthi enambiwa kude ekhethekile yokugcina elula imicibisholo neminsalo ashona. Phakathi nempi, Bhalobhasha ngamunye ezikhishwe imicibisholo imizuzu 30-40. Kusukela British lokuqala bathatha izikhundla zabo, bakwazi ukubamba ukulwa ukubuyekeza futhi ulungiselele isu uma indlela French.

intelligence ukwehluleka French

Battle ebalulekile Crecy owawuqondene intelligence French bengalindele ephelele. Ngo 1346, eseneminyaka kubonakale kunabayeni abaphikisi isiNgisi, ababe njalo izinyathelo ezimbalwa ngaphambi. Okokuqala, uFiliphu waya ijahe ibutho isitha sika ayo ngokuthatha indlela okungeyona. Lapho scouts Ekugcineni ngabona iphutha yabo, ukuxhumana French kakade welulela ibanga elingamakhilomitha amaningi. Ngokushesha iNkosi ephethwe ukubuyisela isiyalo futhi indlela efanele, kodwa iqhinga eyiphutha yalahlekelwa isikhathi esiyigugu ukuthi kamuva kwathinta ezilungele impi.

Battle of Crécy e 1346 isibe sizi abangewona iyunifomu yempi isiFulentshi, okungase yizinqamu ezintathu. Esikhathini lokuqala okwakukhona kulo Amasosha Genoese kunabaqaphi siqu yenkosi. Inani leli qembu zaba abantu 6000. Ngobusuku obandulela impi, yena yaphela ukuhlaselwa zesikhathi amaNgisi ngesikhathi aqondisa mutual, engaka ubulokhu abashayiwe.

umbimbi angaphandle

Ukuba khona Genoese akumangalisi - kunabantu abaningi bezinye izizwe wabalwela Philip IV. Phakathi kwabo kwakukhona ababusi baleli zwe bakhipha. Ngokwesibonelo, zamaBohemia King ioann Lyuksemburgsky. Wayengumuntu nje njengathi sonke ubudala (ngezindinganiso medieval), uyimpumputhe, kodwa namanje layilamula of akhe sizana yesikhathi eside, okwadingeka asebenzelane ne kokungenela British. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eminyakeni eyedlule, uJohane uye wachitha isikhathi esiningi enkantolo French. Futhi impi kaFiliphu babe amasosha amaningi aseJalimane kanye ezindaweni eziqhelelene elincane ezo-German nezinye izikhulu ezincane.

abezempi French

Ekugcineni, ingxenye yesithathu kwezinhloko zamaviyo French kwaba abezempi ongumlimi. Izakhamuzi wasabela ngokuzimisela kulesi ucingo iziphathimandla ukuba alwe ubudlova angaphandle. Nakuba impi medieval neze egqoka uhlamvu kazwelonke evelele, Kulokhu iyathinteka. Abalimi kahle wacabanga isu lempi. Abaningi babo ngisho bagcina ibutho okokuqala.

Ngenxa ukusweleka imithombo wangaleyo nkathi, abacwaningi basalokhu bengakakwazi ukuthola ubukhulu ngqo kwezinhloko zamaviyo kaFiliphu. Ngokwesibonelo, izazi-mlando IsiZulu baze bakhomba sibalo abantu abayizinkulungwane 100. Nokho, idatha efana kukhona kunzima ukukukholwa. Uhlangothi ngokuwina njalo overstated kokufaneleka siqu. Kodwa kunento eyodwa eqinisekile: ibutho French kwaba okungenani kabili njengoba IsiZulu kakhulu (akukho abantu ngaphansi kuka-30 eziyinkulungwane). Lo mehluko wenza wanika Philip ukuzethemba ngamakhono abo. Kodwa akayi njengoba kwakuhleliwe inkosi, impi yaphela ngo-Crecy. Owinile esabalindele ngokumphanyeka izikhundla zilungiswe ngokucophelela ...

Umehluko enhlanganweni

Agasti 26, 1346 at 16 ezimpondweni, ibutho French safinyelela esigodini komfula omncane Meillet. Ibutho livele onogada esigayweni. Mayelana izindaba ezihamba ngokushesha kubikwe Edward III. amabutho British ngokushesha wathatha izikhundla zabo. Knights, madoda izingalo, abacibisheli - asilandela eduze walandela inkambo ngakolunye uhlangothi kwesigodi. Lapho, zikleliswe ibutho French.

Ngisho nangaphambi kokuba impi iqale ngo Crecy (1346), i-British yaqaphela ukuthi inzuzo ecacile. Wawunamabhodi ngesiyalo. Oqeqeshwe kahle isiZulu ibutho sikhethwe isikhathi eside ngaphambi ukuba imikhumbi salibangisa eNormandy. Wonke ama-oda kanye Edward-Black Prince basutha okushesha njengokungena kungenzeka.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ibutho French ayikwazanga ukuziqhayisa isikole ezifana nesiyalo. Inkinga yayiwukuthi izidlamlilo, amabutho zasebukhosini Amasosha akwamanye amazwe ayiqondakali kahle nomunye. Amazinga ayenxusa omakhelwane babo. Phakathi kwababusi French ngaphambi kokuqala impi kwakukhona ukudideka chaos, ukuthi ubonakala LaseBrithani.

Ukuqala okungazelelwe lwempi

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uFiliphu futhi wafingqa biko. Wayengahlezi kutjelwa indawo samanje wamabutho esitha. Inkosi, useduze Crecy, awuzange uzonikeza impi ngosuku olufanayo. Lapho eqaphela ukuthi esikwatini isitha ingamakhilomitha angu ezimbalwa nje, Wayesebiza komkhandlu eziphuthumayo okudalwa impi, wafakwa umbuzo ngqó: ukuya noma cha ukuze zokumelana ngosuku olufanayo?

Iningi keme izikhulu eziphakeme French babe esivuna ke, ukuhlehlisa ukulwa kuze kube ngakusasa. Lesi sinqumo kwakunengqondo - kuze kube yilolu suku lonke ibutho esendleleni nokuhleleka ukhathele. Amasosha ukuphumula ababekudinga. UPhilip ngeke zidabukile. Wavuma nomkhandlu futhi bayalwa ukuba bayeke.

Nokho, lapha ekhulelwa beka isici womuntu, ngenxa okuyinto impi iqale ngo Crecy. Kafushane, uyazigqaja Knights isiFulentshi, ngibona bokuphakama yabo zezinombolo, banquma sokuhlasela isitha kusihlwa efanayo. Yibona abaqala baphuthuma kuhlasela. Army Isakhiwo kwakusobala kangangokuthi phambi Knights babe amasosha Genoese. Kwakumelwe futhi babekezelele uye phambili, ukuze singathwesi ziwela ngaphansi umthelela siqu ozakwabo budedengu. Ngakho impi iqale ngo Crecy. Abaphikisi kanye winner isinqumo, ukuthi kuyokwenzeka kuphela ekuseni, kodwa ukuziphatha engenangqondo kwezinhloko zamaviyo French khawuleza sincumo.

ukunqotshwa French

I sina ukulahlekelwa lokuqala lezempi wahlupheka emva skirmish phakathi abacibisheli English crossbowmen Italian owayekhonze Philip. yi wayo kwakunengqondo. AmaNgisi adubula isitha ephumelela kakhudlwana ngenxa izinga eliphezulu neminsalo eside. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphambi kokuba impi yayingaphambi imvula, crossbows Genoese kakhulu ofakwe, kungani ayiseyinhle kahle.

Battle of Crécy okwenzeka ezinsukwini zakuqala wezikhali. inganono IsiZulu wenza volleys ambalwa isiqondiso French. Cores bekungakabhekwana - izibhamu icala buckshot. Kunoma yikuphi, ngisho le ndlela bakudala bethukile kwezinhloko zamaviyo French.

Ukulandela arbaletchikami waqhubeka mabutho okuhlaselayo. Knights Philip kwadingeka banqobe eziningi izithiyo zemvelo, kuhlanganise Umqansa emaweni phezu okwakukhona British. The French wathatha ezingaphezu kuka 16 ukuhlaselwa wezimpi ezalandela. Akekho kubo abazange baphumelele.

I ukulahlekelwa babe kakhulu. Ziyakwazi amashumi ezinkulungwane izimpilo zabantu. Philip yena walimala. yaphela Ngakho wangaphumelela e 1346 ngaye. Battle Crecy waqinisekisa inzuzo ngesiNgisi. Manje Edward akwazi ukuqhubeka umkhankaso wakhe enyakatho yeFrance. Wabhekisa amabombo uqonde inqaba ezibalulekile ugu Kale.

Izizathu ukunqoba British

Waba yini umphumela wesibindi impi Kwatholakala kushaqise ngokuba French. Pho kungani eBritish baye bayinqoba? Kungenzeka nokuba akuhlele ngenxa yezizathu eziningana, okwagcina izohumusha zibe munye. Phakathi kwamaqembu amabili isitha kwakuyinto kwalasha omkhulu yenhlangano. AmaNgisi ababeqeqeshwe kahle, behlomile sibazi bayahamba. Baphenduka balwa kwelinye izwe, ngemva kwabo kwaba kuphela kolwandle, okwakusho ukuthi babengenakuphika lutho ukulahlekelwa.

Ibutho French lalinabashumayeli amasosha ngokulambisa abaqeqeshiwe kanye Amasosha waqoqa ezivela emazweni ahlukahlukene. Lokhu tangle omkhulu womuntu wayegcwele eziphikisanayo kanye ezimpini zombango. The Knights akazange uthemba Genoese, abalimi eyayenza izinduna. Konke lokhu kwaba imbangela lusizo iNkosi uPhilip IV.

imiphumela

Ukuphila kwabantu abaningi babamba inkunzi Battle of Crécy. Idethi kwaliwa ngosuku ulilela lonke yeFrance. Le mpi ibilahlekile ally Filippa Korol yaseBohemia ioann Lyuksemburgsky. Le mpi yabonisa ukuphumelela umnsalo eside, owasetshenziswa LaseBrithani. Lolu hlobo olusha isikhali siye sashintsha ngokuphelele isayensi wezindlela Ephakathi. Wesisusa kuzo zonke lezi zinguquko, kwaba ngo 1346. Battle of Crécy futhi kwaba impi yokuqala lapho wezikhali lalisetshenziswa inqwaba.

Impumelelo enkundleni yempi ngokukhululekile avunyelwe Eduardo ukuthatha wonke enyakatho yeFrance. Ngokushesha yena bevimbezela futhi athumba port ebalulekile Calais. Ngemva kokuphazamiseka okubangelwa ubhubhane zezinhlupho, omkhulu wamabutho aseBrithani uye sephulwe ngokuphindaphindiwe-French. Ngo 1360 esigabeni lokuqala Eminyakeni Eyikhulu neMpi iphelile. Ngokusho imiphumela umqhele English yazuza laseNormandy, Calais, Brittany bese Aquitaine - ezingaphezu kwesigamu France. Kodwa lokhu akuzange kuphele le Eminyakeni Eyikhulu neMpi. Battle of Crécy nje kwaba omunye iziqephu eziningi wokuchithwa kwegazi nokunwetshiwe ngenkathi ephakathi eYurophu.