Dzhokhar Dudayev: Biography, izithombe umndeni

Chechnya idume izintaba ezinhle layo eliyingqayizivele, ngoba abeenqwelo namaqhawe abaningi abanesibindi. Umoya inkululeko luyaphi e ngemithambo ngesizotha Chechen ubuzwe. Kwaphela isikhathi eside isibonelo eziyingqayizivele uhlamvu nginenhliziyo yaleli zwe elincane Dzhokhar Dudayev. Biography of umbusi Chechen Republic, kanye isiphetho Chechnya, ngempela okukhulu nezinezinhlekelele. INdodana isizwe sakhe uyaziqhenya konke ukuphila kwakhe ukulwela izithakazelo wezwe lakhe elincane. kwaba kanjani, Jikelele Dzhokhar Dudayev?

Biography abadala elisesikhundleni esiphezulu Chechen izenzo lokuqala lezempi simqonde ezikude 1944. Useye waba kubalulekile kakhulu sabantu Chechen. Yingaleso sikhathi lapho Stalin wayala ukuba axoshe Chechens kusukela Chechen-ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic emazweni elise-Asia Ephakathi futhi Kazakh. Lokhu kuchazwe ngenxa yesenzo kuhulumeni ukuthi labantu leduna Chechen isimo eyingoduso e aphanga nokubanjwa inkuzi. Kwakungenxa kulo nyaka, futhi wazalwa Johar Musaevich, okuyinto esikhathini esizayo kuzoholela inqubo niphuma Chechnya base-USSR.

Ukwakheka umlawuli esizayo

Ngakho, ngemva kokuxoshwa kwezithunywa umndeni Dudaev ubekade Kazakhstan (Pavlodar esifundeni). iseyintsha yabo Dudaev Dzhohar Musaevich kanjani? Biography Chechen udumo kuholela edolobhaneni Pervomayskoye ukuthi Galanchozh isifunda Chechen-ingush State. Kwakuthinta lapha wazalwa Johar. Kwezinye izinto, usuku lokuzalwa inikezwe ngoFebhuwari 15, kodwa akukho bufakazi eqondile yaleli. igama likababa wakhe Musa, nonina - Rabiat. Bakhulisa izingane 13, uthunjana kwaba Dzhokhar Dudayev. Umndeni lalinabashumayeli izingane eziyisikhombisa ozalwa kule umshado, futhi uyise wezingane 6 emshadweni odlule.

Ubaba walo mfana wafa eseneminyaka engu-6 ubudala. Johar wayengumfundi okhuthele, akunjalo umzalwane nodade wakhe. Enye yezimfanelo ubuholi wakhethwa ukuba isigaba evelele. Ekubuyeleni kwakhe emizini yabo ngo-1957, Dudaev umndeni ngaphandle uyise wama Grozny.

Ngemva kokuphothula esikoleni esiphakeme (ngo-1960), Johar owaba umfundi we North-Ossetic State Pedagogical University. wakhetha isiqondiso physico-zezibalo. Kodwa wafundiswa khona unyaka owodwa kuphela. Kuphi eminye wathumela Dzhokhar Dudayev?

Umlando wakhe uyaqhubeka Tambov Ephakeme Military Aviation School, lapho afundela khona iminyaka 4. Phakathi nale minyaka, Johar kwase oluthukuswe ngokucophelela Chechen imvelaphi yakhe ezibiza i Ossetic. Kuphela ngemuva kokuthola idokhumenti imfundo ngo-1966, ephoqelela ukuba imibhalo siqu base elalibhalwe imvelaphi bakhe beqiniso.

Army futhi umsebenzi wezempi

Ngo-Air Force ukulwa amayunithi waqala inkonzo yakhe kwezempi, Dzhokhar Dudayev. Photo wakubonisa ngezinga eliphelele eziveza lakhe lempi. Ngokushesha nje wathola iziqu esikoleni kwezempi ngaphambili, akakwazi wathunyelwa umsizi induna bezindiza on the airfield Shaykovka ku Kaluga esifundeni. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-2 service, lapho esesibona leQembu LamaKhomanisi.

Ukuphi eminye imikhondo Dzhokhar Dudayev biography? Kafushane ke Kuhle kokusho izifundo zakhe e-Air Force Academy. Yu. A. gagarina (1971-1974 GG.). Ohlwini irekhodi, Dudayev kwadingeka imisebenzi eminingi yezempi: umlawuli yiphini ibutho, induna abasebenzi, induna lamabutho. Osebenza nabo ukukhumbula ngaye njengendoda enokholo zokuziphatha, ngezinye izikhathi kancane uyisififane futhi unothando.

sempi yezikhali Afghanistan wakhuluma impilo jikelele. Lapho, yena waba induna Tu-22MZ futhi wenziwa kuwo combat ohambweni, nakuba kamuva inqatshelwe leli qiniso. Khona-ke iminyaka emithathu yangithwala enkonzweni Ternopil webhomu nezisebenzi. Wabe esezala induna ikampu wezempi e-Estonia (Tartu), lapho waklonyeliswa isikhundla zezindiza ezinkulu jikelele.

Pho-ke, kwaba induna Dzhokhar Dudayev? Biography ithi esesindile umkhuzi uyazi. Ngemva niphuma ibutho laseSoviet Afghanistan yena yanikezelwa Order of Red Banner. Dudayev kuhluke inkani, ukuzithiba, khona ingqondo nokukhathalela abangaphansi. I omethembayo umnyango wakhe uye njalo owawusabalele umbuso esiqinile nesiyalo abangaphansi ukuphila bezilokhu ayihlomele ngokuphelele.

Babecwiliswa emisebenzini yezombangazwe

Ngo-1990, Dzhokhar Dudayev baba sihlalo we Executive Committee on the Chechen iforamu wezwe lonke owawungo-Grozny. Ngemva konyaka waqala kuqedwa Supreme oPhethe Chechen Republic Ichkeria waba inhloko yalawa ukunyakaza komphakathi yokuqiniseka uhulumeni. Jikelele usuqalise ukwethulwa emizimbeni parallel zokuphatha, amasekela wamemezela ukuthi abakwazi Chechnya.

Ngemva kwaleso senzakalo Agasti eMoscow ngo-1991 isimo sezombangazwe saba sibi kakhulu kule Chechen Republic. Amandla ezandleni zabo wathatha inhlangano jikelele yeningi. Abantu Dudayev ashaqe Grozny City Hall, esikhumulweni sezindiza futhi enkabeni yedolobha.

Umengameli wezwe self-wamemezela

Njengoba waba umongameli Dzhokhar Dudayev? Biography of Jikelele kwabantu bemikhakha ehlukene ezepolitiki lwalunamandla kakhulu. Ngo-October 1991, wakhethwa umongameli we Chechen-ingush Republic yabatshela Ukunqamula ukuxhuma weRiphabhulikhi we RSFSR. Borisom Eltsinym ekuphenduleni izenzo ezinjalo, kwanqunywa ukuba ngimemezele esimweni esiyingozi ikakhulukazi Chechnya. Dudayev, esikhundleni salokho, wavumela Chechens ukuthola kanye nokugcina nezibhamu.

Ukulwela ukukhipha kutimela Chechnya

Ngemva kokuwa kweSoviet Union, eMoscow ayizange iphathwe izenzakalo Chechen Republic. Ammunition amayunithi intshontshiwe ngabanye. Ngo-1992 kwaba noshintsho okungazelelwe kwamandla engumakhelwane Georgia. Kanye umholi Georgian Dudayev wathatha kumiswa izinhlangano ahlomile Transcaucasia. Inhloso yaleli ndawonye kwakungasekelwe ndawo kumiswa republic ehlukanisiwe Russia.

Moscow ubezama abangu Dudayev uhulumeni ukuba abambe yezingxoxo, kodwa wafuna ukuqashelwa wokuzibusa republic sika. Ngo parallel, isenzo esifanayo senzeka engumakhelwane Georgia, befuna ukuzimela. Unofficially, indawo yayo i Chechnya ezimele wabonisa ababusi Saudi Arabia, kodwa ngokuqondile uhulumeni ka Dudayev babesaba. Dudayev njengoba umongameli lucwaningo Ukuvakashela Turkey, Cyprus, Bosnia, USA. Inhloso yalo mhlangano kwaba US yasayina isivumelwano ne abasunguli umkhiqizo kawoyela kuleli Chechen Republic.

Ukulahlekelwa ithemba nokusekela

Ngemva konyaka, kusho iHhovisi likaMengameli Dudayev isimo e Chechnya isiqala sibhebhetheka, kunomehluko izikhundla ePhalamende kanye inhloko yezwe. Dzhokhar Dudayev enquma ukuncibilikisa ephalamende bese abeke wewashi. Kuleli qophelo, saqala ukwakha amabutho ukuphikiswa, umongameli wadutshulwa ngemvula yezinhlamvu wabulawa, kodwa wakwazi ukuphunyuka. Zonke lezi zenzakalo kubo sezishiye izibhelu ahlomile.

Izingxabano Chechnya (1993-95).

Summer e Chechnya ngesikhathi 1993 laliphumile impela amabutho ukuphikiswa kwadingeka sokuba siphumele endaweni enyakatho yezwe. Kukhona-ke, ukuphikiswa uye wenza izitho ayo uhulumeni. Dudayev wakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi Chechnya akazange iqhaza okhethweni we State Duma yeRussia. Kodwa ukuphikisana phakathi weBhodi Dzhokhar Dudayev ngokuya buthaka kokulawula kwakhe. Ukuphikiswa kwamiswa Yesikhashana Council, okwakubekelwa eliholwa Umar Avturkhanov. Dudayev baqala ngenkuthalo ekuqedeni ukuphikiswa, okusekelwa Russia. Ngemva National Congress, esiqhutshwa Dudayev, kwanqunywa ukuba amemezele "impi engcwele" yeRussia. Waqala kanjalo-ke eyokuqala Chechen impi. Umzabalazo ekufuneni inkululeko Chechnya Dzhokhar Dudayev biography ugcwele. Ukukhuluma emfushane kumele kwenziwe kokudaliweyo amakamu abo ngokuqukethwe labo ungavumelani abantu bakhe Ukuma.

Ngo-December 1994, ngosizo ezinophephela emhlane, abophiko lwezokuphepha izindiza wakwazi ukuqeda Dudayev e Grozny sezindiza. amabutho aphikisayo baphuthuma Grozny, kodwa ukuze athole ukusizakala khona futhi ayikwazanga, kwakudingeka ukusekelwa eMoscow. Inhloko Russia Boris Yeltsin wayala kukho ukubhubha amaqembu emthethweni kuhlonyiwe Chechnya, eliholwa Dzhokhar Dudayev. Lo myalo kwaholela izenzakalo ezishaqisayo ku Budennovsk. Kuyinto idolobha elisezweni lase-laseStavropol esifundeni, ngubani wakhethwa nabezempi iphansi kwesandla sika-Shamilya Basaeva ukuze abathumbi ethatha nekwetfula izimfuno zabo emagunyeni emaphakathi. Ngenxa yalokho lezi zinyathelo Kushone amasosha ezitha nezakhamuzi 100 Budyonnovsk. Iziphathimandla zaseRussia ziye ungenziwanga ezivuna lamabutho Basayev sika.

Ukumiswa Djohar Dudaev

Kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala impi Chechnya Russian Wesici wagcina generalissimo we Chechen Republic ngaphansi isibhamu. It senziwa 3 umzamo, futhi zonke kuhlulekile. I ukuphaphalaza lokuqala yaqedwa sniper, kanti owesibili - emva impumelelo ukuqhuma imoto yakhe, eyesithathu - e sokuhamba ngesikhathi kusuka isakhiwo, owawungumnyaka isiteleka emoyeni.

Ngo-1996, amaqembu aphikisayo ukubuyisana kafushane, Yeltsin lalibuye uya aqaphele kutimela Chechnya. Kodwa ngokushesha amaphekula udubule ihlukane of amasosha Russian eduze nedolobhana Yaryshmardy kanye nomongameli wayala wakhe Ukuvikelwa ikhanda nekhanda FSB ukubhubhisa Dzhokhar Dudayev. Ukusebenza yasungulwa ngokucophelela bese ucabanga ngezindlela ezahlukene. "Umholi esiyivelakancane we" unakekele ekhethekile.

Ukuze afeze lo msebenzi, idivayisi ekhethekile chweba amagagasi iselula yasungulwa. Le yunithi lidlule wezempi ukuthola zokubhalisa. Ukusebenza wakwazi ukubamba Apreli 21, 1996. lisebenze Yakhelwe wabanjwa ukuphi Dudayev, futhi kukhona landizela 2 webhomu Su-24. Bezindiza on the imoto, lapho umholi Chechen, abanye rocket enamandla kakhulu protivolokatsionnyh baxoshwe. Lokho abulala Dzhokhar Dudayev. Ukufa iphutha kwamaminithi ambalwa ngemuva kwesibhicongo. Vala Dudayev oko umkakhe Alla, kodwa wakwazi ukubaleka umhosha. Johar washonela ezandleni zomkakhe. Abezindaba yamemezela ngosuku olulandelayo iqedwe Dzhokhar Dudayev (isithombe esihlokweni).

Indlela Abasabela Ngayo kokufa Dudayev

I cindezela hlaba is ubuza enemininingwane kakhulu ngokuqedwa umongameli Chechen. Angikwazanga nokufezekisa amaphupho abo Dudaev Dzhohar Musaevich. Biography onekhono yaphela kabuhlungu. izintatheli Abaningi bathi lo mkhankaso wenziwa nje kabusha ukhetho ihlandla lesibili Yeltsin sika. IRussia kusukela kuthathwe izenzo ezinzima wanikela amasosha izimo. Lokhu kuye kwaholela empini kuvuselelwe. izihlubuki Chechen unqume aphindisele ukufa zokuhlasela umholi wabo ku Grozny. Sekuyisikhathi Chechens wakwazi ukugcina ngokunenzuzo ukulwa ngasohlangothini lwabo.

Ngaleso sikhathi, kwakunabamemezeli amahemuhemu ukuthi umongameli Ichkeria, wayesaphila. Kodwa wonke amalungu omndeni sekunyamalele emva 2002 eyomphakathi ngevidiyo amabhlogo nezitini isidumbu Dudayev.

Battalion, inkumbulo abaholi Chechen

Ngo-2014, kanye nomhlaba obhekwe ukungqubuzana abasengxenyeni esempumalanga ye-Ukraine yasungulwa sokuzithandela Posse ababehlomile - nebutho okuthiwa Dzhokhar Dudayev (ukuba sithwale ngamazwe yokugcinwa inhloso). Yasungulwa ngonyaka ka Denmark we Chechens, abathuthela kusukela Chechnya ngemva kwaphela impi khona. Kuhlelwe nebutho inhlangano setepolitiki Dudayev sika "Mahhala eCaucasus" ngokuqondile bavikele izithakazelo Ukraine Ukungqubuzana ku Donbass. Battalion ukusiza ibutho Ukraine zempi abanolaka kakhulu ukuze kukhululwe imizi laseDonetsk esifundeni. Amalungu esaziwa kakhulu lokhu kumiswa kwezempi Isaya Manu Sergey Melnikoff, Nureddin ismailov, u-Adamu Osman Amin Okueva.

Ukuphila komkhaya ngemva kokufa Dudayev

Imisebenzi Dzhokhar Dudayev, kanye umuntu wakhe, ngisho 20 eminyaka ngemva kokufa kwakhe uhlala evusa impikiswano. amahemuhemu Okuningi isikhathi eside ukuthi wakwazi ukuba asinde. 5 nje edlule, bezobunhloli baye declassified idatha mayelana ukuvalwa ayo. Kukhona inguqulo phakathi umlawuli nethimba kwaba ngumkhapheli owamkhaphelayo for $ 1 million.

Njengoba kahle kwakukhona ukuphila Dudaev umkhaya esikhathini esizayo? Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke kuyinto uthunjana - Degi. Omunye wamadodana amadala Ovlur igama esishintshile ngokuphelele futhi esehlale isikhathi esithile e Lithuania ngaphansi kwegama Davydov Oleg Zaharovich. Wabe sebethuthela eSweden. Indodakazi Dzhokhar Dudayev - Dana - wazinza nomkhaya wakhe e-Turkey (Istanbul), akasakhulumi nezintatheli.

Ngemva kokushona komkayo Alla Dudayev kanye wazama ukuba ashiye izwe bese uya Turkey, kodwa waboshwa ngemiyalo yezikhulu Yeltsin. lakhulula ngokushesha, futhi ngemva kweminyaka emithathu wayechitha nezingane e Chechnya, Chechnya lula umsebenzi Ministry of Culture. Khona-ke lo mfelokazi isikhathi esithile waba e Baku, khona-ke indodakazi yakhe e Istanbul, bese ekhatsi Vilnius.

Alla Dudayev - umlobi wencwadi ngomyeni wakhe "Dzhokhar Dudayev Okokuqala Million.". unkosikazi Dudayev sika abahlakaniphe kakhulu futhi umuntu onekhono. Ethola iziqu the Pedagogical Institute e Smolensk, wafunda e-Faculty of nobuciko bokunyathelisa. Ngemva kokufa umfazi Alla kunesithembiso nemibukiso njalo imidwebo yakhe futhi izincwadi e-Turkey, Ukraine, Azerbaijan, Lithuania, Estonia, France. Futhi libanakekele ekhethekile amavesi Ally Dudaevoy, wayevame ofunda nabo kusihlwa zokudala. EGeorgia (2012), wathenjiswa abaholayo ithelevishini ukusakaza "Portrait Caucasian" nalokho akwenzileyo. Ngenxa ukuthandwa umyeni wakhe imidwebo Ally Dudaevoy embukisweni emadolobheni amaningi emhlabeni wonke. Ngo-2009, wakhethwa ilungu KaHulumeni Government of the Chechen Republic Ichkeria. Muva nje, owesifazane ohlala eSweden.