Njengoba ekuqaleni ngokuthi inhloko-dolobha yase-Great Britain? Igama lokuqala eLondon indaba yomsuka wawo

Eliphakeme kunawo idolobha eGreat Britain futhi European Union - London - yasungulwa ngo engxenyeni yokuqala ka 1st ekhulwini AD. Yena inomlando omude, okuyinto ezithakazelisayo kuhlanganise ukuqonda izinqubo ezenzeka eYurophu namuhla. Ngokwesibonelo, bambalwa bayazi indlela ekuqaleni ngokuthi inhloko-dolobha yase-UK, futhi abantu abaningi baphila kanjani lapho ngonyaka 400, kanye nezakhamuzi zawo.

Isisekelo edolobheni

Njengoba le nganekwane wasendulo, komnikazi esizeni inhlokodolobha yase-UK namuhla ekuqaleni ngokuthi Troia Nova. Isiko elifanayo limbiza ngokuthi umsunguli we ayeyinzalo ka-Eneya - Brutus of Troy, owaphila eminyakeni 1100th ngaphambi kwesikhathi sethu esivamile. Nokho, abacwaningi bakholelwa kule nguqulo akunasisekelo ngokuphelele. Ngakho, njengoba isisekelo yaseLondon yabiza lesi isikhathi esiwunyaka 43-th ezitholakala kule nkathi yethu, futhi abasunguli - amaRoma ahlasela siqhingi aholwa koMbusi uKlawudiyu. Ekuqaleni, kwaba ngempela edolobhaneni, ihlanganisa indawo ka 0.8 sq. km ilingane Insimu yesimanje Hyde Park, futhi ekuqaleni kwekhulu 2nd, lwakhula lwaba inhloko-dolobha yesifundazwe saseRoma, i Britannia. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi iningi izakhamuzi babedabuka ezivela ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene yezwekazi laseYurophu.

Njengoba ekuqaleni ngokuthi inhloko-dolobha yaseBrithani

Eyokuqala owaqala ukuhlola umsuka wegama elithi "London", kwaba umfundisi owaziwayo Galfrid Monmutsky, owaphila ngekhulu le-12. Encwadini yakhe ethi "The yezindaba zemihla ngemihla yamakhosi yaseBrithani", yena exhumene ngayo igama umbusi edume of Luda. Nokho, labo abafuna ukufunda indlela ekuqaleni elalaziwa ngokuthi inhloko-dolobha yaseBrithani, iwukuba bajwayelane idatha etholwe ososayensi kusukela UK ngo-1998, unyaka. Ngakho, le ndawo lokuqala kusayithi yaseLondon yesimanje wayaziwa njengomuntu Londinium futhi izwi cishe sivela drevnekeltskogo elithi "Plowonida", ehlanganisa izimpande amabili Indo-European "plew" futhi "Nejd", okuyinto uhumusha njengoba "ngoba", "ukugwedla" noma "ukubhukuda" futhi "ukugeleza." Ngakho igama kuze kube 1st ekhulwini BC, i AmaCeltic asendulo ngabe likhethe ingxenye iThames, elisoGwini umlomo ezibukweni ngezansi Westminster. Ngolimi lwabo it is okokuqala siguqulelwa "Lundonjon", bese liphenduke Welsh "Lundein", okuyindawo lathathwa Roma bathi njengoba Londinium. Kukhona enye incazelo. Ikakhulukazi, abanye abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi igama livela umsuka lesiLatini elisho "elizweni", okusho ukuthi "indawo zasendle."

Umlando Londinium

iminyaka engu-18 ngemva kokubekwa kwesisekelo edolobheni ehlaselwa ibutho Indlovukazi Iceni Boudilli, owayehola ukuvukela anti-Roman ngemva kokushona komyeni wakhe. Governor of British Gay Svetony Paulinus, wazi ukuthi ngeke babe nesikhathi sokulungiselela ukuzivikela, wakhetha ukuhoxa. Ngenxa yalokho, Londinium lishiswe nabakhileyo abulawe. Nokho, igama lokuqala London alukapheli kusukela ibalazwe okubi okwakugcwele eMbusweni WaseRoma, wafika emzini lavuselelwa kokuphela konyaka 100 kakade laliyinhloko-dolobha yase-UK. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani labantu baso bafinyelela kubantu ayizinkulungwane 60, okwenza kube ngesikhathi settlement kahle esikhulu kwababekhona ngesikhathi soMbuso WaseRoma, elakhiwa sokukhulekela, izindawo zokugeza zomphakathi, inkundla yemidlalo yaseshashalazini kanye Fort, futhi ibekwe idolobha isikaniso. iminyaka engu-100 kamuva, Britain lahlukaniswa laba aphansi kanye engenhla. Inhloko-dolobha ye yokugcina futhi baba Londinium.

Agasti

Nokho, Londinium wayengeyena yedwa gama lasendulo yaseLondon. Iqiniso lokuthi e kwekhulu lesi-4, amaRoma uqambe kabusha ke ngo-August. Ngakho ukuphendula umbuzo njengoba ekuqaleni ngokuthi inhloko-dolobha yase-UK, futhi kufanele ukhombise amagama. Nokho, ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho amaRoma bexoshwa kule ndawo. Yingakho lokhu ngokuphelele elithi akazange anamathele, futhi onguchwepheshe mlando kuphela ukwazi ukuthi le ndawo yayikhona.

ELondon ekhulwini le-5th

Njengoba yaziwa, kubusa amaRoma of eBritish Isles yaphela ngonyaka 410th. Ngakho, uma ingxenye yokuqala umbuzo njengoba ekuqaleni ngokuthi inhloko-dolobha yase-UK, futhi bangaki abantu abahlala kulowo muzi ngonyaka 400, kulula ukuphendula ke yesibili, kukhona izinkinga ezithile. Ngemva kwamashumi amathathu ngaphambi Picts futhi Scots wafika izindonga Londinium, kodwa esehlehlisa, futhi phakathi neminyaka emine muzi ibutho eyodwa kuphela ukuqaphile. Ngakho, amaRoma ocebile kakhulu, nezihlobo ezwekazini, aqala ukulishiya ke, okwaholela sincipha ngokushesha kwenani labantu. idolobha ushiyiwe baqala ukuhlala abameleli tribal Brito, Nokho, futhi babengafuni ukuba uhlale, futhi ekupheleni kwekhulu lesi-5 Londinium ezingenalutho ngokuphelele.

Ubani igama London ngaphambili (lapho Anglo-Saxons)

Insimu isendaweni loMfula iThames, ayikwazanga eside sihlale zingaqiniseki. Akumangazi ukuthi ekupheleni kweminyaka engu-400th ezitholakala kule nkathi yethu la mazwe wafika wama-Anglo-Saxons. Abazange axazulule Londinium, futhi wasungula idolobha elisha. Yilokho okwenzeka eminyakeni 600, futhi impendulo efanele umbuzo: "Kwenzeka njani bona ekuqaleni ngokuthi inhloko-dolobha amaNgisi ngesikhathi Anglo-Saxons", ngeke Lyundenvik. Kakade ekhulwini 8th ke yaba sezohwebo kanye ne-port, lapho imikhumbi bevela emazweni ahlukahlukene. By the way, emkhakheni wesayensi yezilimi ochwepheshe uqaphele ukuthi "Vik" idolobha eziqukethwe Isijobelelo isihloko linencazelo ekhethekile. Iqiniso liwukuthi e Old English lisho "edolobheni emakethe". Enye igama - Lyundenburg - uvele ngonyaka 886th lapho Elisabeth Veliky wahlanganyela nokunikela ishiywe Londinium, abuyiselwe nezivikelo Roman, wakha ezintsha futhi balenza inqaba. izindawo ezinjalo ngolimi-Anglo-Saxon ibizwa ngokuthi "Burj", nokunye igama elisha kwaba aqukethe isijobelelo. Lyundenburg, okuyinto matasa insimu ka City lanamuhla yaseLondon, ngokushesha yaba umuzi omkhulu esifundeni, futhi ekugcineni le Lyundenvik eseduze yaphenduka settlement elincane namuhla eyaziwa ngokuthi Aldwych.

Manje uyazi ukuthi ekuqaleni ngokuthi inhloko-dolobha yase-UK, futhi abantu abaningi ukuthi bahlala khona ekhulwini lokuqala ngemva yatholakala. Ngakho onganquma okufanele ukwenze lokho igxathu elikhulu lwenziwe eLondon esidlule 2,000 iminyaka, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho kusuka encane Fort kwezempi ngaphambili, akakwazi isibe omunye wemizi emikhulu kakhulu emhlabeni.