Kim Phuc - intombazane napalm. Umlando izithombe abadumile

umlando ekhulwini XX kuhlangene ngokungenakuhlukaniswa YaseVietnam. Kulezi izenzakalo abathintekayo hhayi kuphela amasosha, kodwa futhi inani elikhulu emphakathini. Isithombe sithathwe ngomthwebuli British Nick Indlela ngoJuni 1972, okukhombisa intombazane nqunu, Kim Phuc, ukugijima ethi, ukumsiza abe olunye lwezimpawu edume kakhulu ngemva kweMpi YaseVietnam.

Yokwesaba ngenxa yempi: napalm

Napalm ngokuthi isicelo gelled uphethiloli okuyinto umkhiqizo fuel, elalisetshenziswa ukudala i incendiary ngxube ilangabi thrower. Lezi izikhali, okuyinto kwasho umlando we XX leminyaka Vietnam. Ukusetshenziswa napalm babevamile indiza American kusukela ngeMpi Yezwe II. Kodwa emazweni amaningi basisebenzisa ngayo lesi isikhali wase-United States Army ngesikhathi nempi yaseVietnam kusukela ngo-1964 kuya 1973. Izakhamuzi eziningi zendawo baye bahlupheka kusukela uhlelo lwayo lokusebenza. Ngenxa yalokho lezi izikhali wathumba inani elikhulu ezimpilweni. Kim Phuc sibonga shot ezithile waba uphawu anti-impi.

Isithombe odumile Nick Uta

Izakhamuzi, kuhlanganise nentombazanyana zeminyaka ayisishiyagalolunye ngegama Kim Phuc, kwesokunxele ensimini ka emzaneni wabo waya ekufezeni izikhundla yempi uhulumeni (ngoba isigodi sakubo kwaba kakade ngaphansi kokulawulwa isitha). South Vietnamese izindiza umshayeli bacabanga ukuthi amasosha neNyakatho yeVietnam, ngenxa yalokho abantu behlaselwa napalm amabhomu. Intathelizindaba Nick Indlela ayeyithumbile omunye izikhathi ngemva emva kabusha kubo: a Vietnamese eziyingcosana wabalekela isizinda intuthu, futhi phakathi kwabo kwakunzima ukuba uphawule intombazane nqunu (izingubo eshile kwadingeka waklebhula), okuyinto ukubhekana nobuhlungu angahleliwe. Imibiko baletha izingane ababethintwe kuhlasela, esibhedlela.

napalm intombazane

Le ntombazane kusenzo isithombe wayevela emzaneni Vietnamese Changbang, okuyinto enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye Saigon (Ho Chi Minh lamanje). Lesishiyagalombili NgoJuni ekude ngo-1972 kwakunabamemezeli izimpi phakathi kwamabutho iNyakatho neNingizimu Vietnam, eyayibonakala okufakazelwa ngumlayo umthwebuli Nick Indlela. Budebuduze endaweni lapho napalm amabhomu behliswa, baba amalungu ethimba nezisebenzi. Babona ukuthi izingane ukusebenzisa endleleni. Small Vietnamese anikhalanga kuze ngaqaphela ukuthi leli hhotela eduze abadala. Ngaphandle yiminyaka emakhulu asithoba, Kim Phuc, iqembu ukukhiqizwa futhi wabona nomfowabo omdala iminyaka eyishumi nambili - Phan Thanh Tam, emncane ngeminyaka Phan Thanh Phuoc ezinhlanu, umzala Van Bo Ho futhi Ho Thi Ting udade. Kim ikhale ngobuhlungu nangokusebenza wazama ngiyontengantenga ezandleni zakhe. Lokhu okwamanje umiselwe umlobeli Vietnamese Nick Indlela. Isithombe photographer futhi manje kulandiswe Ngalezo zinsuku, abantu emhlabeni wonke. Uma umuntu ongabazayo maye kwaba nempi yaseVietnam, isithombe ekufakazisa.

Usizo amantombazane Vietnamese

crew ilunga Chris Wayne intombazane wamiswa okwakulapho kuthelwe ngamanzi. Kwakusobala ukuthi kudingeka usizo oluphuthumayo. Kamuva, Nick Indlela Ukhumbula ukuthi ngaleso sikhathi cishe kuzo ifilimu Amasheya Nama-opharetha Alanom Dounsom kwacelwa ungachithi it ngaphumeleli kuso ukususa yesehlakalo nezesabekayo wayekholelwa ngeke aboniswe emphakathini. Nokho, lo msakazeli, okuyiwona basebenza, kamuva owaba nesibindi ukuze bathathe lesi sinyathelo. Nick Indlela intombazane wangeniswa esibhedlela izingane British sika emzini Saigon.

Ngesikhashana nje kwaba umlobeli othile isithombe eshaqisayo owaziwa emhlabeni entshonalanga, futhi abaningi banesithakazelo isiphetho Kim. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva, u-Chris ngamvakashela esibhedlela. Ngokusho Umlando wakhe, ngesikhathi ukuzimisela Kim esibhedlela kwakukhona indawo engahlanzekile. Lapho intatheli ebuzwa mayelana nesimo abahlengikazi intombazane, sekuhloliwe yayo Watshelwa ukuthi ingane ngeke asinde kuze kube ngakusasa. Christopher waqaphela ukuthi isidingo ukuthatha izinyathelo esiphuthumayo. Odokotela British esibhedlela nakho ekwelapheni ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula, kodwa hhayi kube sezingeni ukusha. Kim ngayiswa kwelinye esibhedlela. Elapho wasizwa abahlinzayo plastic abanolwazi, nomphefumlo wabakhonzi intombazane usindile. Esibhedlela langa limbe elele isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka, futhi inani imisebenzi ifinyelele nesikhombisa.

I okunye isiphetho Kim Phuc

Ngemva kweminyaka ethile, yaphela nempi yaseVietnam. Photography aqhubeka zifanekisela maye babe lezo zenzakalo futhi indlela sakuthinta ngayo ukuphila izinkulungwane zabantu abavamile. UHulumeni Vietnamese uye kamuva wasebenzisa intombazane njengenhlangano uphawu anti-impi, futhi wayengenazo ithuba lokuyofunda eyunivesithi. Isimo sashintsha kuphela ngo-1986, lapho yena wavunyelwa ukuba aqhubeke nezifundo zakhe. Kim Phuc wafundiswa kwelinye izikhungo Cuba, lapho wathola umyeni esizayo. Kakade 1992, babuza isimo ababaleki yezombusazwe Government of Canada, lapho zeqe indiza esikhumulweni sezindiza Newfoundland. Namuhla, Kim nomkhaya wakhe bahlala kuleli lizwe, kwi insimu esiFundazweni Ontario (Toronto Emaphethelweni). Yasungulwa yinhlangano zokubasiza abanezinkinga ezithile ezingaba nomthelela kulabo abayizisulu zempi.

ukuqashelwa izithombe

Ngenxa yalesi shot Nick waklonyeliswa Pulitzer Prize, okungukufa izintatheli yodumo.

Photo "Napalm eVietnam" isibe omunye izithombe edume kakhulu izinto ezibonisa ukuthi sikhathalela izindaba zempi. Yena kwashaqisa abantu Melika nomthelela ushintsho inhliziyo yabo kuleli ngokwezibalo zika isiqondiso anti-impi. Izithombe ohlwini izithombe ezinethonya kunazo kwekhulu lama-20 (ngokwendlela ohlwini , Columbia University).