Umuntu neqhaza emlandweni: izibonelo. Abantu abashintsha inkambo yomlando emhlabeni

Abantu abashintsha emhlabeni, abaningi. Lokhu odokotela abadumile, abenyukela izifo izifo, bafunda ukwenza imisebenzi kulokulukhuni osopolitiki donsa pi lanqoba izwe; the osomkhathi owaqala orbited Umhlaba nomjikelezo wawo, futhi setha unyawo inyanga, nokunye. Izinkulungwane zabo, futhi ukutshela mayelana konke kungenzeka. Lesi sihloko ubala nje Incenye lencane yaloku ngematfuba geniuses, sibonga ngalo kwakukhona okutholwe yisayensi, izinguquko ezintsha kanye izitayela art. Ziyakwazi umuntu washintsha inkambo yomlando.

Alexander Suvorov

Umlawuli omkhulu, owaphila ekhulwini XVIII, uye waba ngumuntu ihlelo. Ungumuntu oseye neqhaza emlandweni ne amakhono beqhuba isu futhi iqhinga omuhle ukuhlela impi. Igama lakhe okulotshwe ngamagama egolide emibhalweni yaminyaka yonke yomlando Russian, ukhunjulwa njengomuntu ngokungakhathali brilliant nomphathi wamasosha.

Kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe, u-Alexander Suvorov enikelwe izimpi kanye izimpi. Wahlanganyela eziyisikhombisa lempi, kwaholela izimpi 60, engazi ukuhlulwa. ithalente lakhe etemibhalo kwakusobala encwadini yakhe "Science of Victory", lapho efundisa lesi sizukulwane esisha ubuciko impi, abelana nakho kwakhe nolwazi. Kule ndawo, Suvorov kwaba bangaleso sikhathi kule sekuyiminyaka eminingi ngilangazelela ukuza.

Ukuze credit wakhe endaweni yokuqala ukuthi luphelele mkhuba zempi iye yaqamba izindlela ezintsha eziningi zokuhlaselwa nokuhlasela. Zonke isayensi yakhe yayisekelwe yizinsika ezintathu: ukuhlaselwa, isivinini kanye neso elihle. Lomgomo ovezwa amasosha ukuzimisela, ukuthuthukiswa isinyathelo umuzwa ukuhloniphana ngoba nabo. Empini, ngaso sonke isikhathi bahamba embikwebantfu amasosha abavamile, ebabonisa ngesibonelo sakhe sesibindi futhi ubuqhawe.

uCatherine II

Lokhu yinto zesifazane. Njengazo zonke ubuntu ukuthi baba neqhaza emlandweni, kwaba onekhono, eqinile futhi ezihlakaniphile. Wazalelwa e-Germany, kodwa 1744 weza eRussia njengoba umlobokazi indodana iNdlovukazi - Grand Duke uPetru III. Umyeni wakhe wayengekho ungakujabulisi futhi ungenamdlandla, they cishe akazange ukuxhumana. Zonke isikhathi khulula esichithwa ukufunda Catherine imisebenzi kwezomthetho nakwezomnotho, it ithumba umqondo Ukukhanyiselwa. Ukuthola abantu abanazo e egumeni, wagumbuqela umyeni wakhe ngaphandle nobunzima livela esihlalweni sobukhosi futhi waba inkosikazi agcwele Russia.

nokubusa kwakhe kubizwa nge "segolide" ngoba izikhulu. UMbusi ngilunge Senate wathatha emazweni isonto endaweni yomcebo isimo, okuyinto ahlanganiswe amandla futhi wenze ukuphila kube lula ukuze abalimi abavamile. Kulokhu, ithonya ubuntu inkambo yomlando kusho ukwamukelwa of izenzo kwezomthetho. Ngenxa Catherine: kabusha zikahulumeni wesifundazwe, ukwandiswa amalungelo nenkululeko kwamadoda asebukhosini, ukudalwa amakilasi kulandela isibonelo ongazithola emphakathini waseNtshonalanga ye-European kanye nokubuyiselwa igunya Russia emhlabeni.

UPeter Omkhulu

Omunye umbusi Russian owaphila eminyakeni engaba yikhulu ngaphambi Catherine, naye nendima enkulu ekuthuthukiseni isimo. Akayena nje umuntu neqhaza emlandweni. 1 UPetru waba genius kazwelonke. It wamemezela uthisha, "beacon ubudala," ungumsindisi Russia, ngalo muntu ovule amehlo abantu abavamile indlela European wokuphila kanye nokubusa. Khumbula ukuthi inkulumo ethi "ifasitela eYurophu"? Ngakho, kuba Potr Veliky "besika" naphezu kwempatho nomona zonke zakhe.

Peter waba yinkosi yezizwe wezinguquko enkulu, ishintsha izisekelo isimo ekuqaleni bethukile kwamadoda asebukhosini, bese bahlonishwe. Lo muntu, owathonya inkambo yomlando ngalolo "elambile futhi ezingahlanjiwe" Russian, sibonga kuye, okwatholwa okuqhubekayo nokufeza lamazwe Western kwangena. UPeter Omkhulu wakwazi ukwandisa imingcele kwezomnotho kanye namasiko umbuso wawo, anqobe amazwe amasha. Russia neyaziwayo amandla amakhulu futhi baziswa yendima yayo ekuqhubeleni enkundleni ngamazwe.

u-Alexander II

Ngemva Petra Velikogo wayeyiNkosi kuphela abaqala ukuchitha ngakho kwekuhlela kabusha emikhulu. ezintsha akhe olusha ngokuphelele isithombe yeRussia. Njengezinye ubuntu owaziwa ngubani zishintshile ngempela emlandweni, lo mbusi ufanelwe inhlonipho nokuqashelwa. Phakathi nesikhathi sokubusa kwayo ewela ngekhulu XIX.

Impumelelo main kwaba inkosi yakwa ukuqedwa ka serfdom eRussia, okuyinto ingathiyeki ukuthuthukiswa kwezomnotho kanye namasiko yezwe. Yiqiniso, ukuqedwa uhlelo, kufana kakhulu ebugqilini, wacabanga nabangaphambi ka-Alexander II - Ekaterina Velikaya futhi Nicholas I. Kodwa akekho kubo akazange alinge ujike izisekelo isimo esiphendula esibhekisa phansi.

Izinguquko ezinjalo, ngakho ezinqala eyenzeke kunalokho sekwephuzile, njengoba izwe liye uthuthuva Ukuvukela kwabantu abakhonondayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, e-1880s, izinguquko iye yabhuntsha, enraging intsha wamavukelambuso. Tsar-wezinguquko baba izisulu ukwesaba ezaholela ekupheleni ukuguqulwa kanye Wathonywa ngokuphelele ukuthuthukiswa Russia esikhathini esizayo.

Lenin

Lenin, umholi wamavukelambuso abadumile, umuntu neqhaza emlandweni. Lenin kwaholela ukuvukela eRussia ngokumelene autocracy. Wayehola Abavukeli ku ngothango, futhi umphumela waba ukuthi Tsar uNicholas II liketulwa futhi amandla liqala ukubusa, kwamakhomanisi kabani umthetho bamukela ikhulu leminyaka kwaholela ekutheni izikhulu zibonise abalulekile, izinguquko ezinqala ezimpilweni zabantu abavamile.

Ukutadisha imisebenzi Marx no Engels, Umshicilelo Lenin wakhuthaza ukulingana kanye ne-capitalism yabafile ziyalahlwa. Imfundiso muhle, kodwa kwakunzima empeleni nokuqalisa, njengoba abameleli elite asaphila, igeziwe ngokunethezeka, kuyilapho izisebenzi abavamile futhi abalimi enye yasebenza usuku kanzima nobusuku. Kodwa lokho kwaba ngaleso sikhathi, phakathi Lenin efanayo, Uma unganakile, konke kwahamba zendlela ayefuna ama-ke.

Ukuze kwesikhathi wokubusa Lenin pripadaet ezifana izenzakalo ezibalulekile njengoba kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, kulwiwa eRussia, nonya futhi ayinangqondo ngokudubula wonke umkhaya wasebukhosini, ukudluliswa yenhloko-dolobha kusukela Petersburg eMoscow, isisekelo iRed Army, ukusungulwa egcwele kokubusa kweSoviet futhi ukwamukelwa soMthethosisekelo wayo wokuqala.

Stalin

Abantu abashintsha inkambo yomlando ... Ohlwini yabo izinhlamvu ebomvu ovuthayo igama Iosifa Vissarionovicha. Waba "amaphekula" isikhathi sakhe. I emakamu base anezikhala, Soslan izigidi iyiphi abantu abangenacala, ngokudubula imindeni yonke ngoba ephikisayo, indlala yokufakelwa - konke lokhu kwenzakele yasishintsha ezimpilweni zabantu. Abanye babethi Stalin devil, abanye kuso nguNkulunkulu njengo-ke kwadingeka ngesikhathi isinqumo isiphetho zonke izakhamuzi zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa. Ngiphakathi eyodwa noma nezinye, nakanjani wayelazi cha. abantu Scared ngokwabo wamvusa esisekelweni. Ihlelo lika-ubuntu sidaliwe phezu ukwesaba jikelele negazi izisulu ezingenacala kwenkathi.

Umuntu neqhaza emlandweni, uStalin, zihlukaniswa hhayi kuphela ukwesaba mass. Yiqiniso, ngegalelo lakhe umlando IRussia Okuhle. Kwakuthinta phakathi nokubusa kwakhe, isimo esenze intuthuko kwezomnotho namandla, basungula izikhungo namasiko ngokwesayensi. Nguye wema ngasemnyango Ehola ibutho ukuthi wanqoba uHitler ukulondolozwa eYurophu wobushiqela.

uNikita Khrushchev

Kuyinto umuntu ludale owathonya inkambo yomlando. yimvelo enemisebenzi kubonakala kahle yamisa itshe lethuna lakhe, bobabili eyenziwe ngetshe le omnyama nomhlophe. Khrushchev, ngakolunye uhlangothi, uStalin wayengumuntu, futhi ngakolunye - umholi ababezama akuqede yokukhulekelwa kukankulunkulukazi ubuntu. Waqala kwekuhlela kabusha olukhulu okwakufanele ukushintsha ngokuphelele isistimu olunegazi, ukhululeka okuhlushwa, izigidi iziboshwa elingenacala, wasixolela amakhulu ezinkulungwane labo isigwebo sokufa ngokungafanele. Leyo nkathi uze abizwe nangokuthi 'ncibilika, "ngoba aqede nokushushiswa ukwesaba.

Kodwa Khrushchev wayengazi ukuthi ukuletha izinto ezinkulu kuze kube sekupheleni, + ngakho-ke kungenziwa ngokuthi i kwekuhlela kabusha ingxenye ezithandayo. Ukuntuleka kwemfundo wamenza indoda ezimfushane, kodwa umuzwa omkhulu, isizathu yemvelo kanye isazela zezombusazwe wamsiza eside kangaka ukuhlala echelons ephakeme samandla ukuthola indlela yokuphuma lapho kunesimo esiphuthumayo. Kuyinto ngenxa Khrushchev lakwazi ukugwema impi yenuzi ngesikhathi le-Cuban missile esibucayi, ngisho vula ikhasi olunegazi kakhulu emlandweni yeRussia.

Dmitri Mendeleev

Russia uye wadala eningi izinqola ezinkulu eyathuthukisa ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene isayensi. Kodwa Mendeleev ivelele, njengomnikelo ongowomuntu luqobo lwakhe nentuthuko kubaluleke kakhulu. Chemistry, i-physics, yokuma komhlaba, ezomnotho, kwabantu - konke lokhu isikhathi sokutadisha Mendeleev bese uvula mikhakha phezulu khathizwe entsha. Naye wanikelwa owaziwa umakhi womkhumbi, balloonist futhi encyclopedic.

Umuntu neqhaza emlandweni, uMendeleyev wathola umthetho gqwa, okuvumela ukuba ukubikezela ukuvela izakhi ezintsha kumakhemikhali, ngokusobala ukuvulwa kwaleyo ebanjwa ezinsukwini zethu. Wakhe etafuleni - base-chemistry izifundo esikoleni enyuvesi. Phakathi ayekufezile njengoba uphenyo egcwele igesi Dynamics, ucwaningo ezasiza okuzuza ezothando zombuso igesi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, isazi sesayensi ngenkuthalo betadisha izakhiwo zenqubomgomo uwoyela ukumnika ukuthuthuka kwezimali umnotho kanye okuphakanyiswe nokwandisa isevisi amasiko. amathiphu lakhe eliyigugu esetshenziswa izikhonzi eziningi kombuso.

Ivan Pavlov

Njengazo zonke ubuntu, baba neqhaza emlandweni, wayengumuntu, umuzwa nomqondo ovulekile nangokulalela kwangaphakathi zihlakaniphile. Ivan Pavlov ngenkuthalo lisetshenziswe ucwaningo lwakhe izilwane, uzama ukugqamisa izici ezivamile zokuphila eziyinkimbinkimbi eziphilayo, kuhlanganise nabantu.

Pavlov wakwazi ukufakazela imisebenzi olungafani kwalapho kuhlangana khona imizwa yisimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Lolo thando ungalubonisa kanjani emsipheni vagus ungakwazi ukulawula umfutho wegazi. Kodwa nokho ukudla owathola emsipheni umsebenzi, okuyinto ithonya ku inqubo emsipheni ukuvuselelwa nezicubu kumiswa.

Kamuva wayeseqala physiology ipheshana wokugaya ukudla, okuholela bathola uMklomelo KaNobel ngo-1904. impumelelo yakhe eyinhloko ubhekwa ekutadisheni ubuchopho, umsebenzi ephakeme sezinzwa, ikhaliphe moya futhi okuthiwa womuntu alamu ohlelweni. Imisebenzi yakhe kwaba yisisekelo mbono eziningi imithi.

Mikhail Lomonosov

Yena wayehlala futhi esebenza phakathi nokubusa Petra Velikogo. Khona-ke lo ukugcizelela wabekwa ukuthuthukiswa zokufundisa nokuqwashisa, kanti owokuqala Russian Academy of Sciences yadalwa, lapho Lomonosov wachitha izinsuku zakhe. Yena wayengumbulali ongumlimi elula, wakwazi ifike Amazing eziphakeme, ukusebenzisa isikhundla esiphakeme kwezenhlalo futhi abe umzila usosayensi, ngenkazimulo welula kuze kube namuhla.

Yayithanda zonke ohlobene zemvelo noma yokuthakwa kwamakhemikhali. I last wayefuna ukukhulula ethonyeni imithi futhi ekhemisi. Kwaba sibonga kuye ukuthi ukwakheka yesimanje ngokoqobo njengencwadi nokungashintshi isayensi wazalelwa futhi waqala ukuthuthukisa ngentshiseko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wayengumuntu wesichazamazwi abadumile, wafunda umlando wabhala umlando. UPeter Omkhulu, wacabanga umbusi omuhle kakhulu, indima eyihloko ukuthuthukiswa isimo. Ngo imisebenzi yabo yesayensi, wachaza ke njengoba isampula engqondweni, ezashintsha umlando futhi baphendula umqondo kohlelo zokuphatha. Imizamo Lomonosov eyunivesithi kuqala waseRussia yasungulwa - eMoscow. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, waqala ukuthuthukisa imfundo ephakeme.

Yuri Gagarin

Abantu owathonya inkambo yomlando ... Uhlu Kunzima ukucabanga ngaphandle Yuri Gagarin, indoda owanqoba isikhala. isikhala Ogcwele Izinkanyezi bakhangwa eminyaka abantu bengawutholi, kodwa kuphela kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule, isintu waqhamuka ukuthuthukiswa yayo. Ngaleso sikhathi kwase evuthiwe isisekelo lobuchwepheshe izindiza ezinjalo.

I-Space Age kwaphawulwa umncintiswano phakathi kweSoviet Union ne-United States. Abaholi lamazwe giant uzamile ukuze abonise amandla abo futhi ephakeme kunabanye, futhi isikhala kwaba omunye okukhethwa best for kulombukiso. Phakathi XX leminyaka ukubangisana phezu ngubani uzothumela abantu ku-orbit. Kulesi uhlanga, wathola i-USSR. Sonke siyazi usuku banner kusukela esikoleni esiphakeme: Apreli 12, 1961-astronaut lokuqala ngendiza orbit, lapho afike achitha khona imizuzu 108. Lokhu uhlamvu okuthiwa Yuri Gagarin. Usuku emva kohambo lwakhe kwi-space, waba edumile emhlabeni wonke. Nakuba, kuyindida ukuthi ngoba akakaze azi- omkhulu. Gagarin Kuvame ukuthiwa ngoba ihora nesigamu babengenalo isikhathi ngisho baqonde okwakushiwo yilokho okwakwenzeka kuye futhi yiziphi imizwa yakhe ngesikhathi esifanayo.

Alexander Pushkin

Ibizwa ngokuthi "ilanga zezinkondlo Russian". Besele anesikhathi eside kusukela baba uphawu kazwelonke we-Russia, ivesi, izinkondlo kanye temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba ibhekwa njengeyigugu kakhulu futhi idunyiswe. Kepha akusikho lokho kuphela emazweni ayengaphansi kweSoviet Union, kodwa futhi emhlabeni wonke. Cishe wonke umuzi eRussia kukhona emgwaqweni, isikwele noma isikwele, yaqanjwa Aleksandra Pushkina. Izingane zifunda esikoleni, emsebenzini wakhe, nikela kuye ngesikhathi hhayi kuphela esikoleni amahora ngemva kwesikole ngesimo thematic kusihlwa etemibhalo.

Lo muntu wadala izinkondlo obunobunye ngakho, ukuthi akekho noyedwa olingana emhlabeni. Nge lakhe lokusungula basungula ukungena kwezincwadi ezintsha nazo zonke izinhlobo zawo - kusukela nenkondlo lapho yaseshashalazini nemidlalo. Pushkin ukufunda umoya. Anakho ukunemba, imigqa Rhythmic, basuke ngekhanda ngokushesha futhi hlabelela kalula. Uma sicabanga sithole ukuqonda okwengeziwe yomuntu, amandla akhe waqina futhi core kwayo okujulile kwangaphakathi, kungashiwo wagomela ukuthi ngempela umuntu neqhaza emlandweni. Wabafundisa abantu ukukhuluma ngesiRashiya e nencazelo yalo yesimanje.

Okunye emlandweni

Ziningi ukuze sibala kwelinye sihloko ngeke aphumelele. Nazi izibonelo ingxenye encane abaholi Russian, abaye kushintsha umlando. Futhi mingaki ngaphezulu kukhona abanye? Lokhu Gogol futhi Dostoevsky futhi UTolstoy. Uma sihlaziya le ubuntu angaphandle, kufanele kuphawulwe zefilosofi zasendulo Aristotle uPlato; Umculi: Leonardo da Vinci, Picasso, Monet; zokuma kwendawo nezazi umhlaba discoverers: Magellan, Cook futhi Columbus; ososayensi: kukaGalileo Newton; osopolitiki: kaThatcher, Kennedy kanye Hitler; Abaqambi: Bell futhi Edison.

Bonke laba bantu bakwazi ujike ngokuphelele emhlabeni sibheke phansi, ukwakha imithetho yabo, nokunye okuye kwatholwa isayensi. Ezinye zazo owenza umhlaba ube indawo engcono, futhi umuntu nje sasingawohloki. Kunoma ikuphi, amagama abo aziwa wonke umuntu ku-Earth iplanethi futhi ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuphila kungaba ehluke ngokuphelele ngaphandle laba bantu. Ukufunda Umlandvomphilo zabantu abadumile, sivame ukuthola izithombe, ofuna ukuthatha isibonelo futhi kuzo zonke izenzo zakhe nezenzo.