Umlando Omfushane Gorky, okuyinto kuyindaba nenhlonipho

Ngo-1869, March 14, e Nizhny Novgorod wazalwa umbhali, ogama-alias - Maxim Gorky. Okwamanje kuba igama Aleksey Maksimovich Peshkov.

Gorky: Biography, umlando emfushane ukuphila komuntu ezithakazelisayo

Walahlekelwa abazali bakhe bokuqala kakhulu, ngakho konke ngiseyingane futhi intsha wahlala noyisemkhulu Kashirinym Vasiliem. Umkhulu wakhe washona lapho Alex engu-19, ngemva kwalokho umbhali esizayo waya ukuhamba eRussia, befuna ukuthola imibono ukudala izindaba ezithakazelisayo.

umbhali intsha

Biography of Maxim Gorky, kanye ukuphila, sinzima kakhulu. Ngemva ukubhalisa esikoleni, ngemva kweminyaka engu-2, waphoqwa ukuba baphume. Lokhu kungenxa ukufa kamama incithakalo ephelele kumkhulu wakhe. Ngemva kwalokho, umbhali esizayo wayebe izicathulo usebenza umdwebo workshop uphinde uhlole iconography. Eminyakeni eyalandela, yonke imizamo ukubuyela esikoleni khona ukuhluleka. ukuhluleka Okuqhubekayo emphilweni cishe kwaholela eqinisweni ukuthi cishe esezibulala. Biography of Maxim Gorky ebusheni bakhe futhi ekhuluma yesisindo kokuba babulawa. Kule minyaka edlule uye wabona izinhlekelele eziningi ngaphambili travel nokusebenza ezindaweni ezahlukene kakhulu.

Eminyakeni ka ezulazulayo futhi ukuzulazula, wakwazi ngijwayele umbhali Korolenko, okuyinto wasizwa kanjani ukuba athuthuke umsebenzi M. Gorky. Indaba yokuqala Alexei uvele iphephandaba "eCaucasus", wabizwa ngokuthi "Makar Chudra". Ngakho ngezinye 24, umbhali eyagcina yaziwa abantu ngaphansi mbumbulu ka Maxim Gorky.

Indima V Korolenko empilweni wombhali

Kusukela 1892 Biography of Gorky basungula yimpumelelo kakhulu. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, nomsizi wakhe abakhulu umeluleki kwaba Korolenko. Wasiza kule ncwadi ka izindaba alandelayo Maxim. Lokho uVladimir Galaktionovich wamnika iseluleko watshela umbhali ezindlini ezehlukene ukushicilela. Kusukela eminyakeni 1893 kuya 1895 yanyatheliswa izindaba ezingaphezu kweziyisikhombisa Gorky. Bonke yokuqala eyanyatheliswa iVolga cindezela.

Ngemva kokukhishwa kukamagazini i ka biography of izindaba M. Gorky wathola ukuthuthukiswa entsha: waya umsebenzi njalo "iphephandaba Samara", esanyatheliswa nsuku zonke esigabeni "indlela." Nazi nje igama ipeni igunyaza Jegudiel chlamydia. Incwadi yokuqala ( "tindzaba tekuticambela nematheksthi Stories"), eyabhalwa imiqulu emibili, yanyatheliswa lapho Maxim kwaba kakade engu-30 ubudala. Futhi uyabathanda lab 'a baxgeki, ngakho Gorky waqala ukubhalela "foma Gordeyev" inoveli. Ngaleso sikhathi waba umlobi abaziwa: yena manje kwase kuqashelwa njengoba labalobi engcono owaziwa isikhathi.

Gorky Landelayo wangena idrama kanye wabhala ezimbili nemidlalo edume kakhulu - "AmaFilisti" nesithi "Lower Ngokujula", okuyinto uthole i impumelelo enkulu ngokungavamile, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo okubangelwa ukubukeka zomphakathi emelene nohulumeni. Umunyu ngokuphindiwe Kuboshwe futhi ithunyelwe lokuvalelwa, wayebuye omunye wabahlanganyeli ezimatasa kule nhlangano wamavukelambuso. Ngo-1905, umlobi ugwetshwe izinyanga eziyisithupha ngoba wabiza kubantu ukuketula uhulumeni. Kodwa wadedelwa ngenxa yokucindezelwa umphakathi. Omunye kakhulu "ihlazo" ka Gorky kuyinto inoveli "Umama" eyabhalwa ngo-1906, phakathi lapho kugumbuqelwa umbuso.

Ngemva kokukhishwa kukamagazini i kwendaba Maxim iminyaka eyisikhombisa wayehlala Europe. Ngemva kwalokho, ngo-1913, wabuyela eRussia futhi wabhala eziningi imisebenzi ezithakazelisayo. Ngemva inguquko, umsebenzi wakhe wakhumula. Kusukela ngo-1934 kuya ku-1936 Maxim Gorky ephethwe i-Union of Abalobi kweSoviet Union. Umlobi wafa eminyakeni 68, ephile impilo sasivumela ocebile futhi ezithakazelisayo.