Iklayenti ssh: kulungiselelwa. Kuhle-SSH-iklayenti

Iklayenti ssh - kuba ithuluzi kudingekile uma usebenzisa ssh-ukuxhumana phakathi imishini emibili. Kuhloswe ukuba angene uhlelo lokusebenza le-ikhompuyutha kanye uyisebenzise e umyalo. Iklayenti efakwe emshinini wendawo yomsebenzisi. Kumele ugunyazwe on the server, futhi kuphela emva kwalokho isevisi iqala. Iklayenti ezingase zithathwe ukuze zisetshenziswe esikhathini ukugcina noma abe sokuqhafaza ukucushwa esibonakalayo.

Kuyini ssh?

Ssh (Lilondekile Shell) lihunyushwe ngokoqobo ngokuthi "igobolondo elondekile." Ukusetshenziswa ssh - kuyinto uphrothokholi inethiwekhi by okwakwenza ukuphathwa okuphephile engeyokuqala akude ohlelweni inethiwekhi yokusebenza. Linikeza ukuxhuma, ubuqiniso, nokudlulisa idatha komunye aphethe komunye ngokusebenzisa traffic ukubethela, edabula ke.

It ikuvumela ukudala Imigudu ebethelwe yokudlulisela eziphephile kwezinye yezifiso inethiwekhi phezu inethiwekhi okungavikelekile ezifana Inthanethi. ke livame ukusetshenziswa port phambili i-computer omunye komunye nezimbobo.

Qala i-SSH sabekwa Tattoo Ilonenom yaseFinland ngo-1995, lapho uye wahileleka kuye njengoba umbiko oluyimfihlo. Le nguqulo wabizwa ngokuthi ssh-1. Okwamanje, cishe akazange asebenzise.

Ngo-1996, inguqulo ethuthukisiwe ye-SSH-2 yasungulwa. It ayihambisani ne-SSH-1 iyindlela yokukhomba ephephe kakhulu futhi inohlu eyisikhathi ukubethela ubuchule obuphezulu. Manje ngaphansi version ssh ehloselwe ssh-2. Kusukela 2006, umthetho olandelwayo saziwa IETF ejwayelekile Inthanethi Association.

Kukhona ukuqaliswa emibili eyinhloko-SSH. Omunye wabo nokuphathelene, okuyinto lakhiwa ssh nokuxhumana Security. Okwesibili - OpenSSH, setha ngaphansi kobuholi Theo de Raadt alternative khulula ukuvula kuqala. Kuyinto evamile futhi ifakwe izinhlelo iningi Unix-like.

Kuyini ssh amaklayenti kanye iseva ssh

Uxhumano ssh olandelwayo luyasetshenziswa esebenzisa izakhi ezimbili eziyinhloko: iklayenti kanye iseva.

Ngamagama alula, umsebenzisi iklayenti efakwe kwikhompyutha wendawo ukuthi likwazi ukufinyelela umshini akude (iseva). Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kungase iklayenti lwenteke kulamazinga lalandzelako isikhombimsebenzisi sokuqhafaza (njengoba destktopnoe isicelo) futhi ukusebenza esigungwini (console).

Ssh iseva ulalela amakhasimende kanye noxhumo lenethiwekhi uma ucelwa uxhumano kwenza izinyathelo ezidingekayo ukuze uthole ukugunyazwa. Lapho Ukudlula ukuqalisa yimpumelelo ngawengubo isevisi iklayenti.

ukufinyelela Secure ihlelwe nge inqubo ukuqinisekiswa kusetshenziswa ukubethela quin nge ukhiye womphakathi lapho uqala ukuxhuma. Phakathi okwalandela ukusetshenziswa lesinesitfombe-sibuko ukubethela.

Ssh ejwayelekile kuhlanganisa yezifiso ezintathu:

• Ezokuthutha Layer Lwesibili Logqinsi - kuqinisekisa iseva ubuqiniso, ubumfihlo kanye ubuqotho. Inikeza idatha. Ugijima phezu TCP / IP.

• Ukugunyaza Lwesibili Logqinsi - wenza iklayenti ubuqiniso kuseva. It uba phezu ungqimba ezokuthutha olandelwayo.

• Protocol Connection - isiteshi ngekhodi is multiplexed njengoba isiteshi amaningi okunengqondo esetshenziselwa izinkonzo ezithile. It uyagijima phezu isiteshi ubuqiniso.

ukuphepha okuthuthukisiwe kuqinisekiswa ukuqinisekiswa iklayenti kwiseva ifinyelelwe iklayenti ssh futhi iseva ubuqiniso iklayenti. Ukugunyaza senzeka nhlangothi zombili.

Iklayenti ithumela isicelo okokuqala kusungulwa ukuxhumana okuvikelekile ungqimba ezokuthutha. Isicelo yesibili uthunyelwa emva ubuqiniso be-SSH-iklayenti.

Ukuqaliswa OpenSSH

OpenSSH - kuyinto OpenBSD ithimba ovulekile ukuqaliswa. Ingabe inguqulo evamile ngokusebenzisa ukusatshalaliswa khulula.

OpenSSH iphakethe kuhlanganisa amathuluzi:

• Sshd - iseva okuyingxenye.
• Ssh - amaklayenti side.
• SCP - inhlangano ifayela evikelekile ukukopisha.
• Ssh-keygen - yakha okhiye zomphakathi (RSA, DSA nezinye) amakhompyutha kanye nabasebenzisi.
• Ssh-keyscan - ebutha okhiye zomphakathi inethiwekhi.
• Ssh-ejenti - igcina siqu RSA okhiye ukuqinisekiswa okwalandela nokhiye yomphakathi.
• Ssh-add - unezela entsha yangasese okhiye ejenti ssh-ejenti.
• SFTP-iseva - SFTP iseva.
• SFTP - Umbuso indawo ukuze ngokuphepha ukukopisha amafayela nge-FTP.

OpenSSH likhona ukulethwa ibhokisi izinhlelo iningi Unix-like. Okuvame kakhulu ezibhekwa Linux, Vula (Khulula, Net) BSD, Solaris, HP-Ux, Irix, MacOS X, kanye nabanye.

umsebenzi ukuthuthukiswa olunzulu kwenziwe ukuqaliswa OpenSSH-Windows, okuyinto iyatholakala ngokulandwa ku iwebhusayithi. It ikuvumela ukuba adale ssh-iseva emkhayeni Windows amasistimu ine iklayenti ssh ukuxhuma. OpenSSH-Windows likhona ukulethwa CygWin.

Ethandwa kakhulu phakathi abasebenzisi kukaMoya esekelwe Linux ikhenela. Esikhathini esizayo, sonke izibonelo usebenzisa ssh eshiwo ukumisa OpenSSH. Ngokucaca Linux uyomisa ssh-client-Ubuntu, i-Windows ne-Mac OS X.

Ukufaka futhi Ilungiselela openssh-iseva

Zikhona ongakhetha ukumisa eziningi OpenSSH -server. Ukuze ulungiselele iklayenti kufanele kwenziwe esekelwe wokumisa iseva. Lesi sigaba sinikeza isibonelo iseva ssh efakwe Ubuntu Edition Server. In izincazelo okwalandela ulungiselele amaklayenti ukusebenzisa ukucushwa kwe-iseva.

1. Kunezindlela ezimbili ukufaka OpenSSH -server yilezi:

1.1. Khetha OpenSSH -server ukufakwa iphakethe ngokushesha ngesikhathi eyayembuleka Ubuntu Iseva /

1.2. Download and ufake kusuka onalo by egijima umyalo:

2. Yiba ujwayelene emvama ifayela kwiseva amagugu sshd sika / njll / ssh / sshd_config, sebenzisa umyalo:

3. Ngaphambi ukushintsha izilungiselelo ezizenzakalelayo qiniseka ukudala ikhophi yokugada ingozi ifayela futhi awuvikele lokubhala. Lokhu kwenziwa uma, uma udinga ukubuyela emuva ukuze amagugu ezizenzakalelayo uma kwenzeka iphutha.

4. Esikhathini izilungiselelo ngokwakhona port TCP 22. Ukuze uphephe, kutuswa ukuba esikhundleni amagugu ayo angajwayelekile, isibonelo, 5754. Guqula ePort umyalelo nge umyalo:

5. Save ifayela / Etc / ssh / sshd_config bese uqala kabusha sshd:

Iseva ifakiwe futhi amisiwe. Manje ulalela ku-port 5754. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, ukufinyelela noma imuphi umsebenzisi angakwazi ungene ngemvume ukuze ohlelweni ne amalungelo. Ukugunyaza wenziwa ngokusebenzisa iphasiwedi noma DSA ukhiye, RSA, ed25519 et al.

Cross-platform OpenSSH-iklayenti esigungwini. Ssh amaklayenti ye-Linux

kushiwo Ngaphambili ukuthi ukuqaliswa evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu olandelwayo ssh iyona OpenSSH, ngakho ngokuzenzakalela iza kakhulu Linux kukaMoya yesifunda. Kwezinye izimo, OpenSSH ingalandwa kusuka onalo salokhu Distro.

Njengengxenye OpenSSH iklayenti-amaphakheji lwenteke njengoba ssh hlelo, okuyisona umyalo ofanayo. Ilungiselela iklayenti futhi ilawulwa nge esibulalayo, ayinayo isikhombimsebenzisi sokuqhafaza. Kuthathwa version elula kakhulu user-friendly.

Ukufaka futhi ukumisa OpenSSH-iklayenti ku-Ubuntu

Emshinini akude ufake futhi wazilungisa OpenSSH-server. Umgomo ukuze uthole ukufinyelela ke kusuka kukhompyutha yakho yendawo ukuthi iyasebenza Ubuntu.

1. okuzenzakalelayo Ubuntu ukusatshalaliswa wanezela OpenSSH-iklayenti, ngakho kumelwe ulufaka usebenzisa:

2. Emva uhlelo ukufakwa Lusetshenziswa ssh umyalo kusukela ukugcina ngaphandle Umsuka.

3. Uma ukuqinisekiswa lomsebenzisi lusetshenziswa nge iphasiwedi:

1) Uxhumano senziwa:

• Igama le-akhawunti emshinini akude, - igama lomsebenzisi
• aphethe - kuba iseva eqhelile-IP ikheli (noma isizinda uma sizinda bathunyelwe iseva);

2) emva kokungena umyalo, kumelwe ucindezela Faka - uzokwaziswa iphasiwedi; Kudingeka iphasiwedi ku-akhawunti akude umshini (kufanele uqaphele njengoba ukulondeka iphasiwedi kungaveli);

3) ngokufaka iphasiwedi elungile, esikude iseva ukugcina iwindi nge ukubingelela; Manje usungakwazi ukwenza imiyalo ezidingekayo.

4. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi kuyadingeka ukuze okhiye DSA:

1) uma kunesidingo ukuze ukhiqize okhiye zomphakathi kanye nezizimele kwenzeke ssh OpenSSH-iklayenti:

2) Isihluthulelo okuzenzakalelayo komphakathi lilondolozwe /home/user/.ssh/id_dsa.pub ifayela futhi uvaliwe /home/user/.ssh/id_dsa;

3) kumele ukopishelwe umshini kude bese uyifaka ethimbeni ukugunyazwa /home/user/.ssh/authorized_keys elakhiwe ukhiye womphakathi:

Manje umsebenzisi angakwazi ukugunyaza nge-SSH-iseva ngaphandle kokufaka iphasiwedi.

Ukufaka futhi ukumisa OpenSSH ngoba Cygwin Terminal-Windows

Ukufaka Cygwin Cygwin.exe ukuqalisa ifayela ukuthi ilandelwa kusukela indawo esemthethweni.

Cygwin - is lapha ezihlukahlukene amaphakheji ezahlukene. Ukuze usebenze ukuphela akude OpenSSH kudingeka kuphela. Ungathola ngokuhlola ku Cygwin ke.

Ngemuva kokuthi ufake iphakethe udinga ukusebenzisa Cygwin Terminal bese ufaka umyalo olandelayo:

Khona-ke u-Enter. Uzokwaziswa ukuthi ufake iphasiwedi. Ngemva kokudlula ezikhungweni ukuqinisekiswa livela server akude kuya ukubingelela umsebenzisi esigungwini.

kuyinto syntax nse e OpenSSH-iklayenti, ukusebenza ku-Linux.

Ssh-iklayenti cross-platform GUI Putty

Putty - a ssh amaklayenti sokuqhafaza ukuphatha kwamarimothi, okubandakanya usekelo ssh olandelwayo. Uhlelo isakazwa nge umthombo ovulekile futhi ngokuphelele khulula.

Ekuqaleni ekhishwe kuphela OS-Windows, kodwa iklayenti ngokukhamba kwesikhathi ngembobo ye-Linux, ke likhona onalo cishe yonke ethandwa kwe-Linux.

Ayenziwa ukusebenza ku-Mac OS X

Putty ukucushwa iwindi ubukeka okufanayo kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenzisa. Umehluko ukhona kuphela izindlela ukufakwa. Ngakho-ke, ukufakwa izoqala kuboniswa kanjani wokusebenza amathathu, bese - kwemigomo izilungiselelo Putty.

Ukufaka Putty Linux Ubuntu

1. Faka Putty nge umyalo:

2. Qala umyalo putty ovela ukugcina noma ngokuchofoza igundane on the imenyu:

3. izilungiselelo iklayenti ifasitela, lapho kuyadingeka ukuze ubhalise nemingcele uxhumano.

Ukufaka Putty-Windows

Ukuze ufake edingekayo putty.exe ukulanda ifayela, londoloza endaweni elula, efana kudeskithophu. Uhlelo iqala nge ezimbili ukuchofoza of inkinobho yesinxele.

Putty - ssh-client-Mac. Ukufaka futhi egijima GUI-nguqulo

Ngesikhathi ebhala Putty ayizange ngokwanele kuye ngembobo ukusebenza ku-Mac OS X. Kwaphakama izinkinga ekwenzeni ingxenye ukuthi unesibopho isikhombimsebenzisi sokuqhafaza.

Ukuze ukufakwa, kufanele isethwe umsebenzi othile ukuthethwa kwecala.

1. Faka Xcode.

iphakethe ngezidingo nezinhlelo kusukela Apple nokwakha izicelo-Mac OS X.

Nge OS version of the Mac X 10.7 Lion kuyadingeka ukubeka «Amathuluzi Command Line for Xcode» nge Apple Unjiniyela iwebhusayithi.

Emva ukufaka okudingekayo ukuze wamukele isivumelwano selayisense:

2. Setha Xquartz.

Lokhu kusetshenziswa iseva X.Org X Window System (X11) I-Mac OS X. Idinga Ukuze GUI-nguqulo ye Putty, abhalwe Gtk +. Faka kusukela website esemthethweni. Ngemva kokufaka relogin edingekayo.

3. Faka Homebrew.

Ukufakwa senziwa:

Okulandelayo udinga ukuhlola ukufakwa lesifanele leqembu:

4. Setha Putty, kwenzeni lokho;

Lokhu kungathatha isikhathi esingaphezu kwehora, njengoba sebuningini ukuncika ezifana Glib / Gtk + / Pango / Cairo.

5. Ukudala ifayela uqalisa Putty.app.

Kumele ugijime Automator.app. Uhlobo idokhumenti ukukhetha "Uhlelo" izenzo udinga ukukhetha "run igobolondo-script" ebhokisini uvo ukusetha indlela eya ifayela elisebenzisekayo «/ umsebenzisi / zendawo / bin / putty», londoloza njenge «putty.app», ecacisa ifomethi yefayela " uhlelo "lwemibhalo" uhlelo. " Uma wayefisa, isithonjana ejwayelekile ungayithola enye.

Ukubeka ssh amaklayenti Putty

Inqubo ukubeka iklayenti sokuqhafaza ssh Putty ubukeka okufanayo kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenzisa. Ukubukeka kuhlukile kancane, kuye ngokuthi ukuklanywa nelondekile.

Ukuze uxhume umshini kude nge ssh Ufuna ukusebenzisa Putty. Ku-window okuholela, kufanele usethe nemingcele:

Uhlobo Connection - uhlobo uxhumano - esungulwe ssh.

Host Igama (noma-IP Amadivayisi) - Igama lesikhungo noma IP-ikheli - lapha ucacise iseva akude IP-ikheli, igama lesizinda noma ikheli le-inthanethi. Kulesi sibonelo, Setha IP-ikheli 192.168.128.3

Port - ukulalela port - iseva, esanikwa isikhulu njengesibonelo, usethe port 5754. yakhe futhi iphuzu.

Uma wayefisa, ungagcina izilungiselelo kulesi sikhathi.

Uma ucindezela inkinobho "Vula", ewindini esibulalayo izovela, lapho udinga ukufaka akude igama umshini futhi iphasiwedi ye-akhawunti.

Uma kudingeka, iklayenti ukuqinisekiswa ukumataniswa kokhiye edingekayo Umbuso puttygen.exe eyehlayo-Windows. Putty-Gen yakha pair of okhiye kwasobala nokwabantu ngabanye.

Ukhiye womphakathi kumele kwengezwe kwi-server, it is ekhiqizwa kuleli ssh ejwayelekile. Engeza ukhiye can efanayo OpenSSH nge ukugcina noma nge Putty, bephumelele ukuqinisekiswa kwegama lokungena ngemvume kokuqala.

Ukhiye oyimfihlo elakhiwe .ppk format bese yengezwa iklayenti. Ngakwesokunxele esihlahleni ukuze uthole ssh, ukwandisa ohlwini, ukuthola isigunyazo futhi kule ipharamitha kule «Private ifayela key for Ukugunyaza» khetha ukhiye.

Ngemva kwalezi manipulations, umsebenzisi ukugunyaza neseva ngaphandle kwephasiwedi.

Okwamanje, Putty ssh amaklayenti kuthathwa njengesibikezelo esiyiso GUI jikelele. Third-party onjiniyela wadala Gao-Feng-SSH-client-Android, njengoba inguqulo yeselula Putty.

Kuhle-SSH-iklayenti

Kuze kube manje akukho kuvumelana kuloko ssh-iklayenti kangcono ukusetshenziswa. Abaqondisi System zikhethwa amathuluzi asekelwe izidingo zabo siqu.

Njengomthetho, abasebenzisi * Unix-izinhlelo bavame ukusebenzisa ssh ejwayelekile kusukela iphakethe OpenSSH. It has-syntax ecacile jikelele futhi iyatholakala ngokuqondile esigungwini. Ngomsebenzi wokugqokwa ngamathuluzi ezengeziwe ezifana ikhophi ifayela evikelekile (SCP) ayidingekile ukufaka isofthiwe eyengeziwe. Konke okudingayo likhona OpenSSH.

abalandeli GUI ovame ukusebenza Windows nhlelo, sebenzisa Putty. Kukholakala ukuthi lokhu iyona engcono kunazo ssh-iklayenti ye-Windows. It has wonke amathuluzi adingekayo ukuze mhubhe amafayela yokukopisha, nokunye, ngisho noma kuzodinga ukulanda amamojulu.