Ukwenziwa kwamakoloni lokho? ikoloni ngesiGreki Omkhulu

Emlandweni eziningi uthi lasendulo usesikhundleni ebalulekile endaweni ikoloni. Kuyini ikoloni? Kuyinto zangaphakathi nezangaphandle. Izindawo zabantu kanye nokuthuthukiswa komnotho wenarha yabo boke singenamuntu ngaphakathi ezweni lakubo - kuba ikoloni yangaphakathi. Uyini ikoloni angaphandle? Lokhu kumikiswa ensimini sabezinye izizwe ukuze uthwebule ezweni, ngokuvamile zithandelana ingqongqo enobudlova bendawo noma ukucekelwa phansi kwayo, kodwa kungaba elinokuthula.

Ukwenziwa kwamakoloni, okuyinto ikoloni? Lesi sivumelwano wabantu ku kwelinye izwe. Izwe noma idolobha, ezashiya izifiki, okuthiwa muzi (kusuka esiGrekini - "edolobheni-umama").

ikoloni Omkhulu

Ukuthwebula kuqala kwamanye amazwe zaqala abaseFenike. Balandela ekusungulweni koloni baba namaGreki. izimbali yesiGreki umsebenzi uwela VIII - VI ekhulwini BC - iyona ikoloni ngesiGreki Omkhulu. Ngenxa wakhe, neGrisi ukusakaza ezindaweni ezinkulu, futhi abantu abahlala ngamazwe aseMedithera nase Black iziLwandle, abangu ukuthonywa isiko lamaGreki.

Ziyini izimbangela yokuba ikoloni?

Esinye isizathu salokho sasiwukuthi nkinga, njengoba kubonakala ukuntuleka evundile, futhi wokwehla izinsiza ukudla, njengoba inani labantu liye landa kancane kancane. Ukwenyuka kwesibalo kwakubangelwa ngokwezifiso ezazikhona ngaleso sikhathi, ifa lezwe lahlukaniswa ngokulinganayo phakathi kwamadodana akhe. Isigaba ku neziqinti ngesikhathi ukwanda komphakathi kuye kwaholela kulokho ukondla zabanikazi Bangawuthola cha. Ngakho-ke, ezweni kwadingeka ukuba ithengiswe ukuze omakhelwane noma izihlobo zabo ocebile.

Umphakathi uzamile ukuthola izindlela zokuxazulula izinkinga. Okuphuma ezaqala ukubonakala kwelase-ekusetshenzisweni komhlaba kanye ukunwetshwa kwezomnotho ngenxa ezindaweni zabo ezinamahlathi. Kodwa-ke kwakudingeka ukuba ngcono ikhwalithi amathuluzi, njengoba Stony phansi akulula ukucubungula ukwandisa izivuno. Esesibili - ukwanda zangaphandle, okungaba enobudlova noma elinokuthula. Ngokwesibonelo, i-uchungechunge engapheli izimpi ziye zenzeka lapho Sparta futhi Argos wafuna ngenkani ngiziphuce izwe kusukela omakhelwane. Abaphikisi babe namandla ngokulinganayo, ngakho ukunqoba akekho iwine. Kulesi sisekelo, amaGreki waya ngokuthula ikoloni.

izigaba ikoloni

Ekuqaleni kwakukhona imizana amancane, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni yohwebo njalo nabantu bendawo. Avame esisogwini eziqhingini ezincane ngasogwini. Lokhu kuvikela lezifiki zokuqala ekuhlaseleni ngokuzumayo bakhona, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kwenza ukuba ukudayisa nabo.

Inani elikhulu amakoloni ngesiGreki zazisekelwe e imilomo emifuleni, okuyinto ukukhonza njengephayona emathekwini elula noma elawulwa besebunzimeni kwezilwandle.

Isigaba juqu yokuba ikoloni iphutha ngenkathi izinombolo elikhulu lezifiki baqala ukuhlala endaweni reconquered noma kuhoxiswe ngokuthula kusukela namaqaba. Iningi bamakoloni kwakungezona abathengisi, nabalimi nentshisekelo Ukusabalala esiphezulu nomhlabathi ovundile.

Kwenqwaba lezifiki baba abalimi abangenalo izwe. Isifiki ngamunye wathola isiza ukusebenzisa kwayo kanye ukwakhiwa kwezindlu. amalungelo Civil kwadingeka kuphela abantu bokuqala abahlala kuyo nozalo lwabo, futhi ayenikezwe olukhudlwana futhi evundile ngaphezu kwalabo efika bamakoloni kamuva.

U ukuthumela amaGreki waqala ukuthandana ezihlukahlukene futhi eziyinkimbinkimbi labantu ngesihluku wendawo. Izifiki ngokuvamile ukutshala izwe, wahlangana nobutha kubo bendawo. Babefanele iphendukele izingalo. Kodwa kukhona futhi babe nomhlangano elinokuthula lapho namaqaba ukuzuza benzuzo bona nabo abathengisi ngesiGreki, eboleka kuyizinhlayiyana isiko lamaGreki nasendleleni yabo yokuphila.

Greece ukukhetha

Cishe, ekuqaleni VIII ekhulwini BC, inhlekelele yama-lokubala ubuningi babantu kanye isimo kwezenhlalo eGreece ifinyelele eqophelweni eliphakeme, futhi inkampani lapho ubhekene nesinqumo: noma impi yombango nge ukwabiwa kabusha komhlaba enobudlova komhlaba, noma ekhishwa abantu "extra" ngaphandle inqubomgomo. Ngokuvamile umbuzo kangakanani sabantu bashiye amakhaya abo, ephelezelwa amandla nemibango. Uhlangothi ukuthi wahlulwa, wahlala phezu imikhumbi uhambe beyofuna amasimu amasha ukuze wehlise umoya. Ngokuvamile inqubomgomo uhulumeni wona awubanga wenziwa isimo akhishwe futhi adambise kwaphinde kwaba nokungezwani kwezigodi ngokusungula amakoloni.

Ezingwini esenyakatho kweBlack Sea ikoloni

Kuyini umbuso Bosporus? Enyakatho woLwandle Olumnyama, ensimini ka-Ukraine yesimanje neRussia amaGreki eyasungulwa amakoloni eziningi. Omunye wabo - umbuso Bosporus - isimo esinamandla, eyayintula evundile enkulu enezindonga isivuno ocebile zokusanhlamvu.

I Sevastopol reserve ungabona emanxiweni izakhiwo emzini waseGrisi eChersonese, abavubukuli bathole zizule emigwaqweni yasendulo.

City Olbia (Happy) - omunye Hellenes lasendulo lesikhumbuzo kwamasiko. Leli dolobha wavakashela phakathi nohambo, befuna ulwazi mayelana amaSkithe uyise uHerodotus izindaba.