Ukwenza ibhajethi ngokuqondile esekelwe ... Izigaba eyinhloko isabelomali

Noma yimuphi inhlangano kwezomnotho usebenza isimiso zimali, ie kumiswa wezimali "isikhwama" isikhathi esithile. Ukusebenza kwabo kuyingxenye ebalulekile yesu kwezomnotho, njengoba kunqunywa ukuthi kuyoba namathuba okwengeziwe ukuthonya ukuqaliswa kwe-imigomo.

Umqondo isabelomali kanye nokwenza imisebenzi yayo

Ukuze uthole ukuqonda ukuthi yini ehilelekile enjalo buyinto kwezomnotho njengoba "isabelomali", kufanele ichaze ke. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi lingachazwa ngokuya ezahlukene, kodwa kuyohlale ephuzwini elilandelayo - lena imali esinqunyiwe kanye nezindleko uhlelo iyawakha lekusasa nge usuku lokugcina ngenxa. Lokho idokhumenti zezimali equkethe ulwazi olubalulekile phezu lwetimali ukuba ngaso anawo kuncike nokuthi ufuna ukuthumela izinto ngesineke kwezindleko. Kodwa kwemali ngokuqondile esekelwe akhawunti ambalwa kuphela, kodwa futhi kuhlanganisa isenzo esiningi olunzulu ukuhlaziywa qualitative kwencazelo izihloko kokubili engenayo nephumayo.

Phakathi nokuhlelwa nasekubulaleni ebhizinisini ngalinye inhlangano ekhetha, ngaphandle ezimweni lapho leligama ecacile nomthetho. Kulokhu, isabelomali elilinganisiwe amazinga isimo nemithetho yendawo.

izinhlangano kwezomnotho ezimele ibhizinisi ongasho ngesikhathi ukusebenza kwakhe eyobona ngayo, ngesisekelo izici uhlobo lomsebenzi, kodwa inkathi ngokuvamile uthatha omunye unyaka ekhalendeni standard. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kwemali ngokuqondile esekelwe ukusebenza yamanje kuphela, futhi acabangele izibikezelo we Cishe iziqondiso ezintsha kanye nezindleko.

amazinga sokuhlanganiswa

Ukuze izinkampani commercial, okungezona esigaba sabefundisi, uhlaka lwesabelomali iyawakha ngesikhathi eziphezulu iqhaza neminyango ezikhethekile, ezifana nokuhlela kwezomnotho, ezimali, ukukhiqizwa, njll Kodwa kukhona isimo ... Uma inkampani encane, ukulungiswa uhlaka lwesabelomali ezivezwa amaqembu abusayo.

Izinkampani ukuthi akheke branched, noma Holdings, futhi bafeze ukuhlela isabelomali ezingeni eliphezulu, ikhumbula amabhajethi kuhlelwe kufakwe amabhizinisi inkampani.

Uma ucabangela uhlelo isabelomali zaseRussia, amazinga kufanele zihlukaniswa:

1. Isabelomali federal, okuyinto okuhloswe ngalo ukubhekana imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu isimo kanye labantu.
2. Isabelomali yezihloko RF elihlobene ne izinqubo ezingeni lesifunda.
3. ezingeni Local - izabelomali izifunda ezisemadolobheni, izifunda zomasipala, njll ...

Isinyathelo ukwakha uhlaka lwesabelomali

Inqubo yokwabiwa kwezimali kuyinto capacious futhi iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Kudinga indlela abanekhono futhi okunengqondo acabangele zonke izici ezidingekayo ngokuthi imali ingasetshenziswa kanjani.

для коммерческой компании: Kufanele abone esigabeni eyinhloko ekuwulungiseleleni inkampani inzuzo:

1. Ukunqunywa kwesikhathi lapho isabelomali project isabelomali ukusatshalaliswa sokwenza ukulawula amaphuzu ngesisekelo isici yesikhashana noma design.
2. Ukunquma ezingaba yokuthengisa esikhathini ukuhlela, ikhumbula zonke izinto ezinkulu: ekushintshashintsheni ngokufunwa, izinguquko intengo kanye izinguquko umthengi inhlalakahle, inikeza kungenzeka ekushintsheni izinga kwezimpahla nezinsiza, izenzo encintisana emakethe.
3. Ukuhlela sokusetshenziswa kwemali ingxenye ukukhanya izinguquko kwinqubomgomo yezimboni inkampani, amasu marketing, nokutholakala kwezinsiza ukuze lelisu imisebenzi, njll Defined nezindleko zokuphatha.
4. Ukuqhathanisa izihloko ezimbili - izimali kanye izindleko ngokuya maqondana yabo.
5. Ukunqunywa ingozi izinguquko ibhalansi isabelomali.
6. Ukulungiswa ngqo of uhlaka lwesabelomali, ukwamukelwa yayo.
7. Ukuqapha ukuqaliswa kokusebenza isabelomali control ngalinye iphuzu.

Uma ufuna ukuphendula umbuzo "Yiziphi izigaba eyinhloko isabelomali yezwe", kulokhu nqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi nezinzima multidimensional. isikhathi Training kuqala eside ngaphambi kwesikhathi lapho ayekushilo kuzokwenzeka. Umsebenzi wokulungiselela izobandakanya ukuthuthukiswa zokuthuthukisa ezomnotho, izibikezelo izinqubo zezimali-ezomnotho nezenhlalo, ngokusekelwe idatha iziphathimandla zentela, futhi lubandakanye imikhombandlela eyisisekelo ukuthuthukiswa yezwe, abashe isigijimi abantu lokuqala isimo.

Esikhathini esizayo, ukuze kwemukelwa kwesabelomali federal kuzodinga ukuthi le dokhumenti sivunyiwe nguMbuso Duma oveza ukufundwa eziningana ingxoxo kanye nokwamukelwa.

Isakhiwo isabelomali

Ukwenza ibhajethi ngokuqondile esekelwe kuphela engenayo kanye nezindleko izinto, futhi uyakucabangela inombolo enkulu izici ezengeziwe nezingozi.

Uma inkampani isakhiwo kwezentengiselwano isabelomali isivele ezichazwe izigaba isabelomali, isakhiwo isabelomali isimo kufanele kubhekwe eceleni.

Isabelomali isimo futhi engenayo kanye nezindleko. Eyokuqala ihlukaniswe intela futhi okungezona intela.

Zonke izintela ezihlobene ezingeni federal, kanye nemisebenzi, kuhlanganise namasiko, kwenziwe isibaluli intela engenayo ezithile. Iqembu lesibili engenayo libhekisela imali etholakale ngokudayiswa kwempahla isimo, inzuzo kwetimali temabhizimisi embuso, umsebenzi kwezomnotho angaphandle, ukuqaliswa izinqolobane isimo futhi amasheya.

Ukwakheka imali kahulumeni wehlukile kakhulu. Endaweni yokuqala ivelele ndlela ukusekelwa yezenhlalakahle sabantu, okuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene okuqukethwe ukuzivikela kazwelonke, emajaji, komthetho izinhlelo, iinhlangano zomphakathi. Ukuqhuba izinhlelo federal utshalomali, bakahulumeni izikweletu kanye nosizo ukuze amabhajethi wendawo futhi wenze nezindleko.

isabelomali isimo Unbalance

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi isabelomali isimo kusekelwe kokusele izindleko izimali, ngokuhamba nokuqaliswa kwalo kwenzeka ngezabelo kwehlukana futhi kukhona isimo sokungalingani. Esimweni lapho izinto nezindleko uqale idlule izimali, imali eshodayo kusabelozimali kwenzeka, isimo reverse libhekene babutha isabelomali. Ukuvela isabelomali ukuntuleka njalo. Endabeni Esimweni esinjalo kudingeke ufune imithombo buyiselo yayo. Ngokuvamile ezingeni likazwelonke, exchange angaphandle izinqolobane asetshenziselwa le njongo.

Isimo lapho isivuno sisiningi kakhulu khona, baphumelela kakhudlwana Uma unganakile, kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi, lokhu kusho ukuthi kwezinye izindawo abaningi babekwa ibalwa, okuholela isikhathi samanje kungenzeka oyitholayo kancane.

Umbuzo we langempela lokungalandeli umthetho izinto imali kanye nezindleko kuyinto ejwayelekile ukulibona kwezentengiselwano. Ezimweni ezinjalo, iningi abaphathi senziwa ukulungiswa tekusebenta yalezi zinto, ikhomba izindawo lapho kuvunyelwe ukusika uxhaso uma kwenzeka elikhulu kunalelo ekwazi ukuzivuselela, naphambi enaleni - okuyinto imisebenzi kungenziwa ngokwezimali eceleni.

Legal nezindaba isabelomali

Isabelomali isimo ilawulwa Ikhodi Ibhajethi we Russian Federation. Ukwenza ibhajethi ngokuqondile esekelwe kuMthethosisekelo, kodwa incwadi ebalulekile kakhulu ezweni ichaza inqubo ukuze kuhlolwe nokwamukelwa kwesabelomali. Futhi, RF UMtsetfosisekelo ubetselela uhlelo kwesabelomali isimo, ngakho-ke, ubuhlobo lonke inqubo isebenza nge isabelomali wombuso kanye uMthethosisekelo Russian Federation isobala.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi Ikhodi Ibhajethi, okusekelwe ezimisweni of federalism ukuzimela ngayo uhulumeni wasekhaya, ngokomthetho evunyiwe ngokwesigatshana jikelele, inolwazi imigomo abamukelekayo izabelomali emazingeni ehlukene. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi isikhathi esibekiwe elilingana iminyaka emithathu, Russia ukudala uhlelo lokusebenzisa imali emjikeletweni esingangeminyaka emithathu. Lokhu kuvumela ukubukeka oluningiliziwe ngesikhathi nezikhathi eza futhi osendaweni ukuphatha imali kanye nezindleko izinhlangothi.

Ukuhlola ukuphumelela isu kwesabelomali

Njengoba Kwembulwe, kwemali ngokuqondile esekelwe imithombo yezimali balance sheet, futhi kufaka phakathi eziyinkimbinkimbi yezici ngaphandle zezimali. Injongo eyinhloko yawo isabelomali, ngaphezu ibhalansi ambalwa of ukusetshenziswa kwezimali kanye engenayo - impumelelo yemigomo endaweni ngayinye, izimali kuvikelwe. Ngakho-ke, kaningi ukukhiqiza ukulawula kwesabelomali kanye nokusetshenziswa okufanele kwezimali, njengoba isiqondiso izimali izinqubo-third party, izinhloso yokuqala, ngeke ufinyelelwe hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi ngeke yehle nekusebenta roundhouse eziningi etindzaweni letihambisana nato.

isiphetho

Okunjalo isigaba kwezomnotho, njengoba isabelomali - iqembu zezimali eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi enezici, esakhiwa iqoqo imisebenzi, izinqubo kanye izihloko. Ukwenza ibhajethi ngokuqondile esekelwe yimuphi umqulu owodwa noma ukuhlaziywa into eyodwa. Ukuze ukwakheka ibhajethi olinganiselayo njengoba izindleko inkampani, kanye nesimo-level umhlaziyi isabelomali iyadingeka kanye nokuqapha esiningi idatha, izinkomba, ukuhlolwa ubungozi kanye namathuba esikhathini esizayo. Ngakho-ke, umbuzo "Yiziphi izigaba eyinhloko isabelomali", akufanele ukhulume ezimbili noma izinyathelo ezintathu, futhi izigaba ezingaphezu kwezinhlanu, njengoba ngamunye wabo uyoba odonsa i ibhalansi ngempumelelo, kunokuba isilinganiso ingqikithi isabelomali izimali kanye izindleko.