Ukuze kuhlonishwe umuntu okuthiwa Melika? Ngubani okuthiwa Melika America

Uma ubuza umbuzo, ngemva bani Melika ubizwa ngokuthi, abaningi uzokuphendula ngaphandle kokungabaza - Amérigo Vespucci. Kodwa ingabe kunjalo ngempela? Ubani ngempela wathola "INguqulo Yezwe Elisha"? Sekuyisikhathi eside Izazimlando Useshele izimpendulo zale mibuzo. Ake sibone owanibiza Melika Melika ubani eyaqala ukutholwa ke?

nabulungisa zomlando

Kunzima kakhulu ukuphendula, ngemva bani Melika ubizwa ngokuthi. Ngempela, kwaphela amakhulu eminyaka amaningi amaqiniso bekufihlekile, futhi ezinye imibhalo elahleka. Nokho, ngokuvamile kakhulu ungathola izihloko kwabezindaba ukuphrinta, okubhekisele nabulungisa zomlando. Ngokusho eziningi owathola nezwekazi entsha kwaba Hristofor Kolumb. Kodwa igama lakhe engakaze immortalized, futhi Melika u ogama lakhe behlonipha omunye isihambi.

Kodwa ngenkathi ochwepheshe bangase baphikise ngokuthi Columbus akazange ukuthola "INguqulo Yezwe Elisha". Futhi akukho ukungabi nabulungisa. Inhloso yalo mikhankaso Hristofora Kolumba ubethungatha eWest Indies. Ngenxa yalesi ukutholakala wathola legatsha umfire. Traveller ngifuna nemizila emisha yokuhwebelana ukuthi imikhumbi akakwazanga ukuhamba esidlule sezinxushunxushu isikhathi Asian. Ngakho kungani Columbus? Melika is hhayi ngokuthi Melika. Futhi kuyiqiniso.

Amérigo Vespucci

Ngemva kokuba uColumbus laliseliningi lezihambi ababefuna ekuvuleni izwe elisha. Ngemva kwakhe waya Amérigo Vespucci. Wayevame egudla ugu empumalanga nasenyakatho zaleli zwekazi entsha. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi amakhadi Hristofora Kolumba lutho washintsha in the Magellan amabalazwe. Ngokuphathelene imibhalo Amérigo Vespucci, ke avunyelwe yakha umbono olunembile Melika njengezwekazi entsha.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi abahambi babengabangane abakhulu. Amérigo Vespucci bavame ukusizwa Columbus ukuhlomisa bomkhankaso. Ngokusho besikhathi, le ndoda yayingazimisele ohlakaniphile, onomusa, ethembekile futhi ithalente. Siyabonga kuye, adaliwe hhayi kuphela inothi la mazwe amasha, kodwa futhi mayelana nezimila yabo nezilwane, anezinkanyezi sky, amasiko bendawo. Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ezinye amaqiniso ziye kancane ihaba.

Ukuze kuhlonishwe isihambi okuthiwa Melika

Amérigo Vespucci akazange afune ukuthatha indawo yenye. Akazange afune le azithele ngabandayo ka Hristofora Kolumba. Ngemva nezwekazi omusha okuthiwa amadodana owathola ngisho ethulwa Amérigo izimangalo. Ngesikhathi, wasikisela igama Vespucci wathola izwekazi "INguqulo Yezwe Elisha." Kodwa akulona iphutha lakhe ukuthi Martin Valdzemyulle kusukela Lorraine - wamabalazwe - Amérigo wamemezela owathola le yesine ingxenye yezwe. Le ndoda yayihlale omunye ochwepheshe kakhulu isikhathi. Ukuthi Vespucci futhi wanikeza umsebenzi wabo futhi zonke izinto. Leli qiniso ukuthonywa kukhethwa igama lokugcina kuleli zwekazi. Ngenxa yalokho, "INguqulo Yezwe Elisha" kwaba Melika.

Ngemva kweminyaka engu-30, igama baba olusemthethweni futhi wamukela emhlabeni. Kwavezwa ngisho amamephu uMercator bese zisakazwa umhlaba Itholakala enyakatho. Kodwa lena inguqulo eyodwa kuphela, behlonipha kabani Melika owayemuhle wayebizwa ngokuthi. Zikhona nezinye izinguqulo indaba.

enye inguqulo

Ngakho behlonipha othile okuthiwa Melika? Kukhona izinguqulo eziningana. Lesi sakamuva uye ibhalwe ngisho. Kanye mikhankaso ka Vespucci futhi Columbus ogwini izwekazi entsha izikhathi eziningana wahamba ngenye itilosi - Dzhovanni Kaboto (Dzhon Kabot), ongowokuzalwa Barcelona. ohambweni lwakhe abangu oxhaswe UMuphi Ricardo Melika. Idlulisela Cabot bhukuda ukuze aqinise Labrador. Ithimba Lesi sivakashi sika wangenela kulelivekati entsha umhlaba ngaphambi Amérigo Vespucci. Cabot - itilosi wokuqala owenza nebalazwe elinembile we ugu lweNyakatho Melika kusukela Nova Scotia futhi Newfoundland ukuze BP.

Ochwepheshe basikisela ukuthi ezweni elisha yethiwa umxhasi Ricardo Melika. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona izimpawu esemthethweni kukhalenda Bristol, ukuthi esukela emuva 1497. Imibhalo wawuthi abathengisi izwe elisha Barcelona sika atholakele, eyathatha emkhunjini "Mathewu". Lokhu kwenzeka ngo-June 24 - ngosuku St Ioanna Krestitelya.

Noma mhlawumbe kwakuhlukile?

Ezinye izazi-mlando zikholelwa ukuthi Melika kwatholakala eside ngaphambi travel of Columbus, Vespucci futhi Cabot. Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala ziye emazweni amasha, ngokombono wabo, ngetimali yi-4th ekhulwini BC. It wavakashelwa kwamaGreki namaRoma. Kunezinsumansumane lwama-Aztec, okubhekisele onkulunkulu ezimhlophe darnel ababevela empumalanga. Nokho, kwakungekho lutho kwesokunxele ngaphandle-legends.

Kukhona inguqulo Melika ezweni kuqala wangenela amaViking, futhi kwenzeka eminyakeni engaba ngu-500 ngaphambi Columbus travel. Ubufakazi lokhu idokhumenti okhuluma ezindaweni eziningana ababesele Greenland.

Ekuphetheni

Manje uyazi, ngemva bani Melika ubizwa ngokuthi. Kunobufakazi bokuthi Vespucci washintsha isidlaliso sakhe, wathi yena behlonipha nezwekazi entsha. Zonke lezi zinguqulo kuthiwa neshaya banelilungelo khona. Lokho kusho ukuthi Hristofora Kolumba akazange ukucasula ubani. Phela, Melika kwatholakala phambi kwakhe.