Dzhon Kabot and Sebastian Cabot. Ukuvulwa i-Nyakatfo Melika

Dzhovanni Kaboto, kangcono eyaziwa ngokuthi Dzhon Kabot, kwaba Itilosi IsiZulu Lokudabuka Italy. Wabamba izikhundla ezibalulekile futhi Siphumelele kokunengi, kodwa namuhla kungcono waziwa ngokuthi umuntu othole i-Nyakatfo Melika.

biography

Dzhovanni Kaboto wazalwa ngo Genoa, kodwa kamuva, ubaba kaJohane banquma ukuthuthela Venice, lapho bahlala khona isikhathi eside. Lapha, umhloli wamazwe esizayo waphila iminyaka eminingi, wakwazi ukuqala umndeni: nomkakhe nezingane zabo ezintathu. Kamuva, enye yamadodana akhe kungaba umlandeli uyise, lizokuba yingxenye yemidlalo ngohambo lwakhe.

Ukuhlala e-Venice, Cabot wasebenza njengoba netilosi futhi umthengisi. Njengoba ayevaleleke East, waba nethuba ukukhuluma kubahwebi abangama-Arabhu abaye bazama ukuthola ukuthi ngubani ngibanika nge izinongo.

umsebenzi

Kwakuphakathi zakhe eMpumalanga Dzhon Kabot iqala ukucabanga mayelana ukufinyelela emazweni engaziwa yonkana ntshonalanga, ngoba ukuba khona komoya-Melika ayikaziwa. Wazama ugqozi imiqondo mithi Spanish isiPutukezi, kodwa lokhu alikwazanga kuye. Ngakho, ekuqaleni kwawo-1490s wamazwe wathumela eNgilandi, lapho kuyothiwa nguJohane isitayela English, hhayi Giovanni.

Ngokushesha ngemva Columbus wakwazi ukuvula up ezweni elisha, okungukuthi, i-Ningizimu Melika, Bristol abathengisi sinqume ukuhlela uhambo, okuyinto waqokwa induna Cabot.

Lolu hambo lokuqala

Ngo 1496 ngaleso sikhathi Itilosi ayesevele aziwa abaningi babekwazi ukuthola imvume evela eNkosini of England okuya ngaphansi ifulege British. Ngo 1497, wamuka ethekwini Bristol ngenhloso ukufinyelela emanzini e China. Lo mkhankaso waphumelela kakhulu futhi ngokushesha yaba nemiphumela emihle. Ekupheleni kuka June, umkhumbi wafika esiqhingini, nakuba akucaci ukuthi Dzhon Kabot wathola. Kukhona izinguqulo ezimbili, ngayinye ngayinye, kwaba yonke iNhlonhlo Labrador, ngakolunye - Newfoundland.

Kusukela esikhathini Normans lokhu okutholakele kwaba ukuvakasha wokuqala omkhulu i-Nyakatfo Melika, ukuqaliswa baseYurophu. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi wayekholelwa Cabot, nakuba cishe wakwazi ukuya Asia, kodwa emzileni waya kude kakhulu enyakatho.

Ngemva kokufika on Terra Incognita, Cabot ngokuthi izwe lefa entsha ye umqhele English waqhubeka. Isihloko eningizimu-mpumalanga ngenhloso namanje ukufinyelela eChina, itilosi ubonile ulwandle Shoals enkulu cod herring. Lokhu kwaba endaweni manje eyaziwa ngokuthi eGrand Banks. Njengenjwayelo kule ndawo eziningi kakhulu inhlanzi, ngemva ukutholakala yayo abathengisi British elahlekile isidingo sokuya ukudlula lokho e-Iceland.

Eyesibili uhambo

Ngo 1498 umzamo wesibili ukuba anqobe amazwe amasha, i-lenziwe, futhi uphinde waqoka Dzhon Kabot kwaholela uhambo. Ukuvulwa i-Nyakatfo Melika ngaleso sikhathi namanje aphethwe. Naphezu ubala idatha esekhona, kuyaziwa ukuthi iqembu elathatha uhambo behluleka ukufinyelela ezwekazini, okuhamba kuyo imikhumbi wehlela Florida.

Akwaziwa ukuthi uqede impilo UJohn Cabot, mhlawumbe, wafa ngendlela, ngemva kwalokho ubuholi uhambo wadlulela indodana yakhe - Sebastian Cabot. Amatilosi ngezikhathi lawela phezu ogwini, lapho ihlangabezane abantu begqoke isilwane izikhumba, elingazange abanegolide noma amapharele. Ngenxa yokuntuleka izimpahla, kwanqunywa ukuba baphindele eNgilandi, lapho inkantolo wafika ofanayo 1498.

Izakhamuzi England, Nokho, njengoba abaxhasi bomkhankaso, sanquma ukuthi uhambo ukuhluleka, ngoba esechithe imali eningi, futhi ngenxa amatilosi ayengenakuziletha yini eyigugu. AmaNgisi wayethemba ukuthola ngqo umzila onqamula olwandle ukuze "Cathay" noma "India", futhi wathola ezweni elisha futhi cishe lingenamuntu kuphela. Ngenxa yalokhu ukuthi emashumini ambalwa eminyaka ezayo, izakhamuzi Albion akazange asikhuthazi eminye imizamo ukuthola indlela emfushane eMpumalanga Asia.

Sebastian Cabot

Dzhon Kabot, uyise Sebastian sika, kusobala, babeba nethonya elikhulu kubantu indodana yakhe, uma ucabangela ukuthi ngisho nangemva kokufa kwakhe, waqhubeka nomsebenzi kayise waba itilosi. Ngemva kokubuya eviyweni, lapho usuthathe indawo uyise ngemva kokufa kwakhe, uSebastian uye waphumelela izikebhe zabo.

Wamenywa ukuba aye eSpain, lapho waba helmsman, futhi 1526-1530 yena ephethwe uhambo ezinkulu waya ogwini Ningizimu Melika. Wakwazi ukufinyelela emfuleni Rio de la Plata, bese ukubhukuda oya ezwekazini nge Parana futhi Paraguay.

Ngemva kwalokhu uhambo ngaphansi ifulege Spanish Sebastian babuyela eNgilandi, lapho wamiswa uSuperintendent induna uMnyango Navy, futhi kamuva waba ngomunye wabasunguli yemikhumbi British. Eshukunyiswa ukubukwa aphethwe uyise Dzhon Kabot, uSebastian wafuna ukuthola indlela elwandle kuze kube-Asia.

Lezi wamazwe owaziwa wayenze okuningi sokuthuthukiswa mazwe amasha. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi akuzange kube nzima kuphela ekhulwini th 15-16 ukwenza travel eside futhi ezinjalo eziqhelile, kodwa futhi kuyingozi, uyise abanesibindi nendodana besishumayela imibono yabo. Kodwa, ngeshwa, Dzhon Kabot, ngokusobala ukuvulwa kwaleyo okungase ngokuyinhloko ukushintsha izimpilo abaseYurophu uye ayitholakalanga ukuthi kwakudingeka enze.