Ukutshala imbewu ukuze izithombo ngoFebhuwari. ukutshalwa yisithombo: imigomo, imibandela

Manje, cishe konke zingathengwa ezitolo kusukela izithombo ngamazinga ahlukene ukuvuthwa imifino siphelile, izithelo kanye namakhambi. Kodwa eduze unyaka ngamunye ukuze Februwari, bonke abalimi okhuthele iqala "imfiva 'ngomqondo best of izwi, izandla kanye ukufinyelela i-isikhwama athandwayo. Kufika isikhathi imbewu izithombo. Abalimi abanolwazi bayazi ngakho ngokuphelele konke, kodwa sincoma Wabasaqalayo ngijwayele ulwazi ngalokho, kanjani futhi nini ukutshala, ngoba zonke yemifino, berry futhi imbali amasiko bahluke ngokuphelele. Zidinga izimo lokushisa ezahlukene nomhlabathi ingxube, futhi anakekele izithombo yehluke.

Siphakamisa ukuthi uqale nge ukuhlela, ngoba lokhu kungcono ukwenza siqu lihlala kukhalenda yakho. Musani ukuxhumana okuyisibonelo isikhathi ishadi kuzosiza kwembewu izithombo.

The main izitshalo yemifino: nezinsuku ukutshala

Kuloku sendlela endala izithombo kufanele kube isikhathi lokutshala yayo phansi. Kuzo zonke izilimo, kungcono ezahlukene. Uma - umnikazi ojabulayo ezinhle, abamba ukushisa evuthayo ke ungaqala imbewu izithombo ngo-February noma ekupheleni kukaJanuwari. Kuyiqiniso futhi izifunda abandayo lapho ihlobo akuyona eside kakhulu, futhi zithokozise imifino kanye namakhambi like.

isiko	isikhathi cishe ukuhlwanyelwa (kweyishumi)	Ubudala izithombo (izinsuku) ukuze isikhathi lokutshala emhlabathini
Early utamatisi izinhlobo kanye nzalo	Mashi (3)	45-60
Utamatisi medium and sekwephuzile izinhlobo	Mashi (1-2)	55-60
paprika	phakathi no-February - ekuqaleni March	60-75
isitshalo seqanda	Mashi (3)	60
iklabishi	Ekupheleni kukaNdasa	45-50
ukholifulawa	Apreli (1)	45-50
Zucchini, Ugalonci, ithanga	Apreli (2-3)	25-30
ukhukhamba	Apreli (3)	25-30
Isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi (izimpande)	Februwari (2)	75-85
Onion Nigella (for itheniphu), leek	Mashi (1-2)	45-55

Imbewu utamatisi izithombo

Khulisa lokhu isiko kungaba kokubili ohlangothini libalele, nethunzi, isici main - ilanga okungenani 3-4 amahora ngosuku. Inani kukhethwa izinhlobo kanye nenzalo yabo. Into yokuqala okumele uyenze - iwukuba cwilisa imbewu isixazululo izakhi. Nazi izinketho eziningana for ukulungiselela ke:

• 2 g zomuthi ekukhuleni "ihlumela" litre amanzi ngamunye;
• 1 h. L. nitrophosphate, kusho "Agricola-isiqalo" noma "enhle" litre amanzi ngamunye;
• 1 tbsp. l. "Barrier" noma ukhuni umlotha litre amanzi ngamunye.

Noma we izixazululo imbewu ephansi, ngaphambili wabeka indwangu izikhwama, usuku olulodwa. Khona-ke ukususa bese uwafaka upulasitiki esiqandisini, susa izinsukwana ngoba lukhuni.

Ochwepheshe batusa ingxube inhlabathi eyakhiwa izingxenye alinganayo zihlanganisa Turf emhlabathini, humus ezinhle futhi Peat (1: 1: 1). Inhlabathi kumele kube esemanzi futhi ube ekamelweni lokushisa. imbewu ayihlwanyelayo utamatisi izithombo akhiqizwa sezitsha ezincane yokulinganisa cishe 8 by 8 cm, kumuntu ukujula esingeqile 1 cm, 1.5-2 ibanga cm endaweni. Emva kwalokho, wagqoka cap plastic bese ubeka isitsha endaweni futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, ibala elikhanyayo efudumele . Temperature kwadingeka kwezinhlelo ukuhluma 20-25 ° C. Nisela izithombo hhayi ngaphezulu kuka-1 isikhathi ezinsukwini ezingaphezu kweziyisishiyagalombili nokuba eziyishumi. Ukusebenzisa amanzi ekamelweni lokushisa ukuze wehlise umoya. Ukwelapha eliphezulu utamatisi izithombo - 18-22 ° C emini ebusuku - 15-16 ° C.

I yokudla wokuqala izitshalo abasha kufanele uchithe emva leaf wokuqala kweqiniso livela. Sebenzisa leli thuluzi "Agricola-phambili" (1 ihora. L. 2 amalitha amanzi). Ngemva amila amahlamvu 2 noma 3 kweqiniso kudinga kwabathinta e izinkomishi ahlukene usayizi 7-10 cm amanzi kubo elengeziwe -. Izikhathi 1 ngesonto, kuze ephelele sifakwe emanzini ikhoma zobumba. Lapho zinesilinganiso sezinga lokushisa izogcinwa at 12 ° C no-ngenhla, kungenzeka ukuqala eqeda izithombo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, khipha ke, isibonelo, on emphemeni amahora ambalwa kwaphela izinsuku eziningana.

Ukutshala imbewu ukuze izithombo ngo-February - kungcono ekuseni kakhulu utamatisi, kungcono ukwenza lokhu Mashi 10-20. On the isitshalo ngesikhathi yethula endle noma abamba ukushisa kufanele kube kusuka 8 kuya 12 amahlamvu enempilo futhi evuthiwe, esisodwa noma ezimbili efihlekile.

Bell pepper kanye isitshalo seqanda: Imbewu

Imbewu ofakwe izixazululo, njengoba kwaba njalo endabeni ka-utamatisi. Khona-ke kufanele igcinwe at 25 ° ngosuku C noma amabili, bese emabhokisini lelungiselelwe umhlaba ukuze ukuhlwanyela imbewu ka pepper amnandi. Izithombo Eggplant okulungiselelwe ngendlela fanekiso. Ingxube Inhlabathi kutuswa izingoma ezilandelayo:

• phansi Turf nge humus (1: 2);
• humus, Peat, sawdust ezincane (2: 2: 1);
• Peat kanye humus (2: 2);
• phansi Turf nge humus ezinhle ngaphandle ndaba fresh organic (2: 3).

Amabhokisi Kufanele ube ka-10 cm ukujula. Imbewu pepper kanye isitshalo seqanda seeded ku anemifantu aze aphakame cishe 1 cm ukujula futhi ushiye phakathi kwabo ibanga 2 cm. Top afafaze nabo emhlabeni futhi tamped. Ukuhluma lokushisa - 24-26 ° C. Lapho nje amahlumela, amabhokisi kufanele ufakwe kukho endaweni libalele kakhulu izinsuku 6-7, ngakho izithombo ngeke ukudonsa. Ngemva 2 leaf kuyanda (real), izitshalo kudingeka ugxumele izinkomishi ahlukene (10 kuya ku-10 cm). Bury kokwehla kuyadingeka ngaphambi amahlamvu cotyledon. Ukuze uthole amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuba sparring kudingeke nisela izitshalo. Izimbiza emhlabeni yokugcwalisa futhi kancane ufafaze isixazululo izakhi ( "Agricola-phambili", "enhle", ukhuni umlotha, humate noma potassium sulfate).

Ezinsukwini zokuqala ezikuhlabayo out izithombo ukuze uzovalwa kusukela ilanga ngqo. Ukunisela kufanele kube njalo, zonke izinsuku 6, kuyinto efiselekayo ukuhlanganisa ngayo kusaladi. izitshalo lukhuni kumele kuqale ngenyanga ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini. Ngesikhathi izitshalo kufanele kube amahlamvu okungenani eyisishiyagalombili.

Kuyadingeka ukuba ukuhlwanyela imbewu for izithombo ngo-February, 10-25 ezinsukwini zokugcina eziyishumi, at the zakamuva. Kulokhu, izitshalo abamba ukushisa esekhulile kungenziwa itshalwe kwezinsuku eziyishumi May, futhi ekhanyayo - ekuqaleni June. Ngo samuntu yesibili, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ikhava ifilimu.

Ukutshala imbewu ukuze izithombo iklabishi

Ekuqaleni, kubalulekile ukuba afeze nokuvinjelwa kwezifo kungenzeka. Ngenxa yale njongo, imbewu kuba manzi te emanzini ashisayo (40-50 ° C) imizuzu engu-15. Khona-ke, bacwilisa emanzini abandayo, bese futhi ofakwe, kodwa manje isixazululo nge izakhi (e 1 litre amanzi ihora elingu-1. L. Nitrophosphate) amahora 12.

iklabishi kwembewu izithombo ziqala nge neminyaka eyishumi yokuqala Mashi (izinombolo 8-10). Lena eliphezulu emabangeni lasekucaleni. Ngemva kokumunca, imbewu kufanele kube kancane eyomile. Lungiselela ukuxubana umhlabathi izingxenye alinganayo yesihlabathi Peat, Turf emhlabathini. uhlanganise Zonke ngokucophelela, uthele emabhokisini futhi uthele isixazululo potassium permanganate zokukhipha igciwane. Imbewu yatshalwa endaweni engajulile (1 cm) of the inkatho, okumele kwesokunxele phakathi ibanga 3 cm. Lapho nje amahlumela kufanele idluliselwe amabhokisi nge ekamelweni lokushisa 7-8 ° C. Swordplay izithombo liyadingeka emva kwezinsuku 9-10 in izinkomishi ezincane, njenge-yogurt. Ngesikhathi kokwehla ngesikhathi yisithombo ezinhle kufanele kwakhiwa amahlamvu 2-3 kweqiniso.

Lonke ulwazi kuziwa izinhlobonhlobo iklabishi, nezinye izinhlobo ezingaba (kohlrabi, u-cauliflower, Brussels amahlumela, Chinese) zidinga amasu ukutshala ukuhluka. Ake ukugxila ezimbili kuphela.

Brussels amahlumela - isiko ohluphayo, kufanele kuphela zingatshalwa yisithombo indlela, njengoba has a inkathi esikhulu kakhulu ezikhulayo - izinsuku 150-180. ukuhlwanyelwa isikhathi - Mashi (kuqala kanye nengxenye yesibili). Zitshala emhlabathini, njengoba umthetho - kusuka 1 kuya ku-20 Meyi. Brussels amahlumela ungeme opholile udaba eziphilayo. Kungaba umquba engcono. Lapho izitshalo afinyelele ku-70 cm ubude, ithiphu kufanele nakanjani prischipnut.

ukholifulawa ethandwa kakhulu. Kukhona izinhlobonhlobo eziningi, ngasekupheleni. iklabishi kwembewu izithombo ziqala maphakathi no-March bese uyachubeka tize ekuqaleni kuka-April. Sebenzisa amabhokisi amancane, ibanga phakathi imigqa kumele igcinwe 10 cm, futhi phakathi isitshalo ngabanye -. Mayelana 5 cm at 2-3 eshiya esiteji kumiswa (lezi) ukwenza sigqoka. Ngenxa yalesi ukusetshenziswa "Ideal", i-sodium humate noma urea (Article 1. L. 10 amalitha amanzi). Ukusetshenziswa yesixazululo - 5 amalitha ngamunye 1 imitha square. Uma izithombo of ukholifulawa 4 uyodala leaf, ke etshalwe phansi endaweni unomphela.

Izithombo yamakhukhamba: isikhathi kanye nemithetho phansi

Izinhlobo Iningi yalesi yemifino uyozizwa kahle endle, kodwa ukuze uthole isivuno sokuqala, ngokuvamile zisebenzisa abamba ukushisa. Ukutshala imbewu ikhukhamba izithombo ekhiqizwa ngenyanga ngaphambi kokutshala enhlabathini (kuya ku-April). Sebenzisa inhlabathi kokwakhiwa okulandelayo: humus, Peat, sawdust ezincane (2: 2: 1). Kuyinto efiselekayo ukwengeza nalokho nitrophosphate nomlotha (1 no-2, Art. N., ngokulandelana). Imbewu yatshalwa ku izimbiza (8 cm by 8) eyodwa ngesikhathi of mayelana 1.5 cm ukujula. Pre-cwilisa nabo othandeakayo izinsukwana ngaphambi pipping. izithombo engaqinile kubemhloshana kukhona Umanyolo zinikwa zonke izinsuku ezingu-10. Sebenzisa kungaba amalungiselelo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, njengezinga "Isinkwa Winner", "fertility", "Ideal" nokunye. D.

Ukutshala imbewu ikhukhamba izithombo sizonikeza isivuno ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ngaphezu, kukhona izinhlobonhlobo ekhethekile efanelekayo okhulayo phezu windowsills kanye balcony.

Squash, amathanga kanye Ugalonci: Imbewu

Imbewu zonke izitshalo ezintathu kungaba kutshalwe ngqo phansi. Kodwa ukuze uthole isivuno sokuqala, kungcono ukusebenzisa indlela yisithombo.

imbewu Squash kudingeka pre-cwilisa embizeni nge isixazululo izakhi usuku olulodwa. Ngo elilodwa lamanzi usebenzisa 1 igremu ka "Bud" noma 1 ihora. L. "Ideal". Izithombo zingatshalwa on emphemeni, e greenhouse noma efasiteleni. Seeding Kwenziwa at 10-25 x-Ephreli izinombolo noma ekuqaleni kuka May (1-10). Sebenzisa amabhodwe ezincane yokulinganisa 10 ngo-10 cm (isib Peat). Ukujula lapho imbewu ezihlwanyelwe, - 2-3 cm, ukuhluma lokushisa - 18-22 ° C. Ready zokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile futhi abamba ukushisa izitshalo kumele engu izinsuku 25-30 of.

Squash kanye ithanga izithombo ayesekhulile ngendlela efanayo, isikhathi kuphela sifakwe emanzini imbewu luyanda izinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu.

Amalikhi: ukutshala izithombo

Izinhlobonhlobo ezivamile kulo bangabantu Mercury, Karatau futhi ngasekupheleni-Bulgarian. Ehlobo esifushane kuyadingeka ukuze afeze ukuhlwanyela imbewu onion izithombo. Isikhathi - maphakathi Mashi (izinombolo 15-20). Oku-isidingo cwilisa imbewu zihambisana ngendwangu izinsuku 5-7. Hlwanyela kangcono sezitsha ezincane kuya ka 1-1.5 cm ukujula. Cishe ezinyangeni 1.5-2 izithombo uzolunga. Ngaphambi kokuba atshale lesi sitshalo amaqabunga izimpande kufanele saba 1/3 ubude. Leek ukhetha okuxekethile onothile organic. Shiya ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo 20 cm.

Isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi impande izithombo

Inani le-ukunambitheka eyinqaba futhi ngephunga layo. Kukhona izinhlobonhlobo eziningana: pedicellate, leaf kanye nezimpande. Isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi unesikhathi ngokwanele ende yokukhula (izinsuku 170-180). Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba afeze ukuhlwanyelwa imbewu izithombo ngo-February (5-10 izinombolo). Ikhule ngo zangaphansi engajulile zazo zigcwele ingxube humus kanye Turf umhlaba eziningi alinganayo kanye ne ukwengeza emfuleni isihlabathi. Isendlalelo inhlabathi kudinga 3-4 cm obukhulu. Imbewu kungukuthi lwajula kancane kuphela efafazwe ungqimba ezondile umhlaba phezu (0.2 cm). Uma izithombo etholakala ngokuzikhandla obukhulu kakhulu, kubalulekile ingaceka kubo, ngakho izithombo uyoqina kakhulu, hhayi sisalokhu. The best ukukhula lokushisa - 15-18 ° C. izitshalo Ngena kufanele kube at the stage of 1-2 eshiya in a izimbiza amancane kakhulu (6 6 cm). ngemva kwalokhu izinsuku ezingu-10 okufanele zalisa izithombo kukamanyolo yezimbiwa eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ukuze izitshalo unomphela abatshalwé ekuqaleni kuka May.

Imbewu isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi izithombo - kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola isivuno esihle kule Uhlaka isikhathi, futhi kungenzeka ngisho ehlobo cool.

Petunia: ohlwanyela isikhathi

Lezi zimbali abathandwa balimi eziningi ngenxa yobuningi imibala nobujamo, kanye isilinganiso lokusinda okusezingeni eliphezulu. Imbewu petunia izithombo kudingeka, njengoba endle, yena kungenzeka ilahleke. Lokhu kuzodinga sezitsha ezincane inhlabathi okuxekethile noma Peat iphilisi ukusetshenziswa. Imbewu mancane kakhulu, abanayo ukulala phezu ingxube inhlabathi, wena nje ibenze kancane. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa iqhwa - nje wasibeka phezu. Kancane kancane zincibilika, yena kancane bangcwabe imbewu. Kusukela phezulu kungcono ukuvala ingilazi. Izithombo ngempela ngena ngokushesha nje lapho ababili sikhule leaf (iqiniso). imbewu ayihlwanyelayo ka petunia izithombo ekhiqizwa maphakathi no-March, kanti nezitshalo omdala abatshalwé emhlabathini ngasekupheleni kuka May. Ngesikhathi sasehlobo badinga ukondla izikhathi 2-3, ububanzi phakathi - nezinsuku ezingamashumi amabili. Ngokwesibonelo, basebenzisa igama elithi "Isinkwa Winner" izidakamizwa, "Rainbow," "umzimba kanokusho."

Astra: ukutshala izithombo

Lokhu izimbali, umbukwane isitshalo yonyaka ukuthi ine eziningi izinhlobo ezahlukene, ukuma ezahlukene imbali, umbala walo, ubukhulu ehlathini. imbewu ayihlwanyelayo Aster izithombo akhiqizwa March no-April. Lungiselela le amabhokisi ongaphakeme noma izitsha. Ukusikisela inhlabathi ingxube zihlanganisa Peat, umhlaba Turf nesihlabathi (2: 1: 0.5). Libuye efiselekayo ukwengeza ufulawa dolomite (2-3 wezipuni) kanye nokhuni umlotha (0.5 izinkomishi). Thela inhlabathi isixazululo ezibuthakathaka manganese. Ezinconyiwe imbewu ukuxubana Aster ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela nanoma yimuphi umuthi owomile antifungal. Ngokwesibonelo, basebenzisa igama elithi "fundazol". Bury imbewu at zokutshala akudingekile, nje afafaze phansi noma ikhukhulwe isihlabathi esomile. Ukuhluma lokushisa - 15 ° C. Diving, izitshalo ezincane ngemva kwamasonto amathathu noma amane ukuhluma yavela. Ukuze asters unomphela zitshalwa ngoMeyi. Badinga umhlaba okuxekethile, ecebile izakhamzimba. Khumbula ukuthi iminyaka ilandelana asters ezimbili endaweni eyodwa ungafaki njengoba lokhu kunomthelela Ukuswaba.

Ukuhlwanyela imbewu for izithombo asters futhi akakwazi ukwenza. Ngezinye izikhathi zikhula kahle ekhanyayo. Iya ngqo endaweni ehlala njalo. Ukuhlwanyela akumelanga uchithe kakhulu kakhulu, lapho izithombo zikhule, khetha eyizingqabavu kakhulu futhi libe nempilo enhle, prischipnite ukuphumula, ngakho ungagxambukeli nomunye.

Strawberry kanye sitrobheli imbewu izithombo

Into yokuqala ukuthi, phakathi kwalezi zilwane abe umehluko eliyisisekelo. Strawberry kuyinto ehlathini engadini, omkhulu, assorted (ngezansi). Strawberry - yilokho esasikwenza ushayele amajikijolo. Singasho okusakazwa imbewu noma layering. Eyesibili indlela lula, kodwa ngosizo ngowokuqala uthole amamaki engcono.

Ukuhlwanyela imbewu sitrobheli izithombo kumele kwenziwe ngoMashi. Thenga izinhlobo eziningana athandwa kakhulu zinhlobo remontant, zidinga ukunakekelwa njalo. Ukuze ukusetshenziswa ayihlwanyelayo inhlabathi ukuxubana ehlanganisa Turf umhlaba nesihlabathi indawo (2: 1). Lungiselela iziqukathi amancane ifilimu, lapho uvale. Imbewu kungukuthi lujule futhi embozwe umhlaba. Kuyadingeka ukubeka phezu iqhwa, qinisa ukugoqa nendawo in esiqandisini amasonto ama-2. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi babhekane nezinga elikhulu. Gilazi nge imbewu kufanele ufakwe kukho efasiteleni. Izithombo ngokuvamile avele emasontweni ambalwa azayo. Susa ifilimu akudingekile ngokushesha, izimbobo bhoboza kuwo futhi kancane kancane accustom izitshalo izimo ezintsha. Uma izithombo strawberry emaningi kakhulu, kungcono mncane nabo ngakho musa donsa in. Kwabathinta kubalulekile emva ukubukeka pair of amahlamvu kweqiniso.

imbewu ayihlwanyelayo sitrobheli izithombo - akulona udaba elula, kodwa umphumela yimpumelelo, uthola elikhulu eliphezulu ezihlabayo amajikijolo elimnandi. Inani ububanzi iyindawo engadini. Kangcono emithambekeni mnene ohlangothini eningizimu-ntshonalanga. Indawo kufanele evikelekile emoyeni futhi abandayo emoyeni accumulations. On endaweni eyodwa ungakwazi ukhule strawberry akuyona neminyaka engaphezu kwengu-4, ngemva kwalokho kudingeka ukuyiguqula.

Ukutshala imbewu sitrobheli izithombo kwenzeka ngendlela efanayo. Indaba kokwehla ingalungiswa ngokuzimela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, khetha izihlahlana enempilo kakhulu amajikijolo ezinkulu. Imbewu ukuthatha phakathi noma labo ukuthi sesiseduze phansi. Anqamula ungqimba kwengaphakathi futhi walala phezu ngendwangu, ake yomile. imbewu Ready ugaye ezandleni zakhe, ukukhulula kusukela husk. Wagcine kangcono esitsheni ingilazi.

yisithombo yokuzalela - ke ekhangayo futhi ezithakazelisayo, kanti kwezinye izindawo kuyadingeka. Into esemqoka - ukuze wenze yonke into ngesikhathi. Uma isikhathi asikafiki, kodwa ngakho ufuna okuthile ukutshala ingadi yemifino noma nje benze izinto, qala elungisa inhlabathi izithombo, amathuluzi, izinkomishi, amabhokisi yonke imishini, okungase kudingeke. Noma, ngokwesibonelo, hlambulula nge ingadi yemifino efasiteleni, ukubeka elimnandi amakhambi, anyanisi kanye namakhambi.