Ukuqinisekiswa ukuthi imfundiso yokuziphendukela kwemvelo, noma atavism iziqalo of homologous futhi efanayo emizimbeni

Ngo isayensi, iqiniso eliyisisekelo ngokuqondene nobunye kubhekwa umsuka wokuphila Emhlabeni. Futhi ngakho kuvulwa, okuyinto kusebenza eyodwa yezindlela yayo, singasho sithi bonke abanye. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngasendleleni, sase wafunda nemisebenzi eminingi izitho zangaphakathi kanye nezindlela for ekwelapheni izifo eziyingozi.

Izibonelo izitho fanekiso futhi homologous

Asikwazi Nokho, esekelwe nokuzwelana ukuqedwa kwakho konke okuphilayo emhlabeni, ukuze uhlanganise homologous nemizimba efanayo. Lo mqeqeshi owake wapheka babe isakhiwo esifanayo nokuthuthukisa nakhululwa ezifundisweni zokucathula efanayo embryonic, evuma ukuthi ubunye umsuka (isib, esitho amadijithi angu-, nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene). Kodwa izidumbu efanayo kaningi ukwenza umsebenzi ofanayo izilwane ezahlukene luqale ezahlukene.

Isibonelo esivamile Ezimweni ezinjalo - iphiko. Kungenxa izinambuzane, izinyoni futhi yenza umsebenzi ezifanayo. Kodwa izinambuzane - ke ziboya Chitin phezu ngemuva, futhi izinyoni - forelimbs, zishintsha inqubo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo. Ukufana efanayo kungenziwa shi phakathi gills e izibungu ojekamanzi nenhlanzi.

amehlo ale ndoda futhi ngwane ingakwazi futhi lingachazwa ngokuthi izidumbu efanayo. Naphezu ukufana they are kasibili
Zihluke e isakhiwo. I-lens iso womuntu iqinile, futhi iso ngokwalo yayifanekisela nomxhantela we rudiment ingqondo. Nakuba izitho ingwane ezibukwayo - Ukwakheka kwezitho ikhava umzimba, lapho lens lens osondela noma asuka retina kuholela into ukunakwa sesilwane, ukusetha i-focus lesifanele.

Izibonelo Isifaniso ungase ucabangele ngisho phakathi zombala ezifana elithwala umoya-mpilo futhi hemocyanin. Ziyakwazi ngokulinganayo athwala umoya-mpilo, kodwa ukwakheka kwama-molecule yabo ine umehluko omkhulu.

iziqalo

Ngendlela yalo ke kuqinisekisa ukuthi imfundiso yokuziphendukela umsuka wokuphila atavism kanye iziqalo.

Lezi zingozi zihlanganisa ama, njengoba umthetho, iziphathimandla musa ukufeza umsebenzi wazo wangempela, ngalahlekelwa ke ngokuhamba kwemvelo. Kodwa-ke asikwazi abhekwa ngokuphelele yonke iminonjana. Bamane ngokuvamile enze izinto ezingabalulekile.

Ngokwesibonelo, amaphiko i intshe singachazwa ngokuthi izitho esingesihle, ngoba abakwazi ukubhekana ngokuphumelelayo lo msebenzi eyinhloko zamaphiko nyoni, futhi abayisebenzisa ukuze akhange izinsikazi futhi ulondoloze ukulinganisela lapho egijima. Ngakho, yinkimbinkimbi ngendlela umzimba singenele ukuze kuxazululeke imisebenzi yakhe. Lena uphawu rudiment.

Kodwa ephikweni penguin ayikwazi kubhekwe ngenxa yalokho, ngoba wenza umsebenzi ngempela eziyinkimbinkimbi njengoba ephikweni.

Ngu nakhululwa ezifundisweni zokucathula zihlanganisa iso futhi imvukuzane imvukuzane rat, okuyinto noma cha bheka lutho noma nje ukuhlukanisa ukukhanya kuphelela khona ebumnyameni.

Ngo abantu, lesi sici has amathambo caudal, imisipha ukuthi Sasiza okhokho bethu ukukhulisa uboya ekupheleni, futhi imisipha ngoba wiggling izindlebe. Wonke umuntu ejwayelene nomunye iminonjana womuntu - neseleko we cecum (isithasiselo).

atavism

Lapho umuntu baveze izibonakaliso ejwayelekile lokhokho bakhe okude - lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi atavism. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuvela abanye abantu umzimba izinwele okuqinile noma pair esingeziwe webele, neseleko caudal endaweni amaphiko womuntu noma ezingemuva dolphin.

Izehlo atavisms zingachazwa ngezinqubo khona izakhi zofuzo ezibangela esihlobene kuyi-DNA. Kodwa ayengaseyona isebenze, ngoba isenzo sabo ukuyiveza ngamanye zofuzo.

Homologous nemizimba efanayo, futhi nakhululwa ezifundisweni zokucathula atavism - konke lokhu kuyinto ubufakazi obucacile bokuba ubunye umsuka ezihlala Umhlaba ophilayo.