Sonography. Kuyini futhi siyini ngesisekelo indlela ucwaningo

Lapho udokotela libhekisela isiguli ultrasound, imibuzo eminingi akavamile kuphakama. Kodwa uma ukuqokwa kwe esetshenziswa ongaqondakali elithi "ultrasound", imibuzo ethela efana uphizi. Ngakho, kubalulekile ukuqonda, sonography - kuyini? Kanti kwezinye izimo, isiguli unikezwa esinye isabelo efanayo.

Inhlangano

I izinhlangano nesineke wokuqala kuxhumene ukulala, kodwa ultrasound akuhlangene nakho. Ultrasound futhi sonography - amagama ehlukene inqubo efanayo. Ukuze ucwaningo olufanayo ngezinye izikhathi lisetshenziselwa igama sonography. Ngokusekelwe lokhu, singakwazi bafinyelele esiphethweni elula: ultrasound, imisindo ephansi, ultrasound - kuyini? Lokhu ultrasound ukhiqiza ukuhlolwa nemingcele morphological futhi ukusebenza kwezitho nezicubu womuntu.

On yini indlela

Ultrasound indlela esekelwe izici amagagasi ultrasonic ngomzimba aphuthelwe. Kunoma eziphilayo imizimba ekubeni akhathazeke kwezicubu density ezahlukene kanye ukumelana. Nale ultrasound kubonakala, refracted, zihlakazeke noma ugxile. Ngenxa yalokho, ukwamukelwa kudivayisi isithombe kwenzeka. empeleni Lokho ukurekhodwa ultrasound amasignali echo kubonakala kusukela izinto.

ama-apharathasi Medical for ultrasound (sonography) isebenzisa imvamisa MHz 1.5 kuya 29. Iphimbo esiphezulu ukuthi kungenziwa ziqondakala indlebe yomuntu, 20 kHz. Isithombe - hhayi nje nentaba yangaphakathi isitho noma ithambo ingxenye njengoba x-reyi, futhi benza namabalazwe izakhiwo yangaphakathi.

Incazelo emfushane umshini ultrasound

Ukuze siqhube inhlolovo usebenzisa yezokwelapha ultrasound umshini. Sonography - kuyini? Kungakhathaliseki wonke amadivayisi ziyafana? Yiziphi izici bona aqukethe? Into enhle kunazo zonke kudivayisi ultrasound apharathasi akuqonde physics. Bayaqonda ukuthi yini umphumela piezoelectric, owayeyisazi ubude, kunyakaza kanye amaza. nesineke Ordinary ngokwanele ukuba sazi ukuthi idivayisi siqukethe izinto ezilandelayo:

• generator amagagasi ultrasonic, isb ishayela generator likhipha kanyekanye ethola amasignali kubonakala;
• ultrasonic inzwa-transdyusora, okuyinto iyisonto inqwaba pezokristallicheskih transducers e inzwa kukhona lens ngokugxila elikuvumela ukuba ugxile ukujula oyifunayo.

Izinhlobo transdyusorov (inzwa)

Lesi sigaba sokuqala wenziwa phezu imishini elekthronikhi. Iskena inzwa efile wenziwa ukuhamba isici ekhazimulayo (Ukujikeleza noma ukuzamazamisa). The main ethile - ongaphakeme isixazululo izithombe, vibration kanye nomsebenzi ezinomsindo. Modern ultrasound sonography ukulahla imodeli yisikhathi, yathi ifuna ukusebenzisa inguqulo ye-elekthronikhi.

Izinzwa Electronic kukhona imishini yesimanje. izithombe Scan ezivezwa elekthroniki. Isithombe kucacile kakhulu futhi ephelele. Noise vibration uma eqhuba lingekho imishini.

ukuskena Ultrasonic ihlukaniswe ibe yomugqa, convex kanye wemboni hlobo. Ngenxa yalokho, isicelo 3 zezinzwa-ezibizwa ngokuthi:

1. Ukuthuthukiswa. Lisebenzisa imvamisa 5-15 MHz. Imiphumela zone isithombe uphenyo nge isinqumo high izithombe, isitho ukubaluleka oluhambisana ububanzi inzwa, kodwa ukujula ukuskena ezingekho ngaphezu 11 cm. Kunzima ukunikeza wide contact iyunifomu inzwa ukuthola high quality umfanekiso. Isetshenziswa ukuskena ndlala, webele, naphakathi amalunga kwemisipha izicubu.
2. Convex. 1,9-7,5 MHz imvamisa. Iskena ebusweni obuphelele lincane inzwa umugqa. Oluqinisekisa Friend iyunifomu oxhumana naye isikhumba. Inikeza isithombe ewumngcingo, kancane uhlanekezelwe ngobukhulu, kodwa ukuhlolwa ukujula 25 cm. Isetshenziselwa ukuhlola ngaphakathi komgodi ongaphakathi kwamathumbu futhi retroperitoneal, uhlelo urogenital, amalunga amakhulu (hip, isibonelo).
3. Sector. Lisebenzisa imvamisa 1.5-5 MHz. Image emikhulu yangempela. Inikeza ikhono scan ngesikhathi ukujula okukhulu. kuvame kakhulu ukuba kusetshenziswe i-echocardiography.

Imihlobo ehlukeneko izinzwa esetshenziswa sihlole besisu izitho, inhliziyo, yegilo, webele, emgogodleni nezihlanganiso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona microsensors ngoba Endoscopy futhi biopsy izinaliti.

luhlolo abesifazane abakhulelwe

Inketho engcono kuhlolisiswe egcwele abesifazane abakhulelwe kubhekwa ukuba sonography ikhompyutha. Imishini enjalo ivumela kokucabangisisa kakhulu kaRhulumende umbungu, kusukela usayizi chetyrehsantimetrovogo. Ucwaningo iphephile ngokuphelele. Kuyasiza nge sonto wesine yokukhulelwa ulalele ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukukhomba nekugwema usongo kwesisu, sokukhulelwa ukucacisa, ukukhomba ukulibaziseka kwamabanga kanye nezinye ngeziphambeko.

Patency kuzo ngemibhobho fallopian

Isidingo ukuhlola patency kuzo ngemibhobho fallopian kwenzeka kwabesifazane, abangakwazi okukhulelwa isikhathi eside. Sonography kuzo ngemibhobho fallopian - indlela yokuhlaziya izizathu okuyinto iqanda ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana isidoda.

Okokuqala, udokotela ehlola isimo ingaphakathi lesizalo, qiniseka ukuthi owesifazane akayikuvuma ukhulelwe futhi alinaso ukuvuvukala, ama-polyp kanye amasayithi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-canal wesibeletho iqondiswa nosawoti sibukeze usebenzisa i-sonography amashubhu fallopian. Uma amapayipi kukhona passable, uketshezi likhanyelwe zombili izitho esiswini. Uma ketshezi akuyona liphele, futhi sigcwalisa ingxenye tube fallopian kanye kwesibeletho, kuba ipayipi esingaweleki. Ultrasound ungakwazi ukunquma ngokunembile indawo block.

Uma isiguli uyasiqonda lisho ukuthini igama elithi "i-ultrasound", ukuthi kuyini nokuthi kungani udokotela wakho ebekiwe luhlolo, awusebenzi uzizwe kokwesaba, ukulungele ukugcwalisa izidingo ezidingekayo udokotela futhi kahle libhekisela inqubo. Kule incike izinto eziningi. Njengoba ngokuvamile, esikhundleni luhlolo kanye nokwelashwa kweziguli ethukile baphendukele bakhohlisi futhi "abaphilisi", baphelelwa isikhathi.