Intatheli u-Alexander Politkovskaya: Biography, ukuphila siqu, izithombe

Ngo-journalism, bavele 80s sekwephuzile, kwaba eningi abantu abanentshisekelo, kodwa ezimbalwa bakwazi ukusindisa ngesandla sakhe uqobo, isikhundla empilweni kuze kube manje. Politkovskaya, u-Alexander Vladimirovich - isibonelo ezingavamile wokusindisa zobuntu bakhe kwezobuciko endleleni enzima journalism.

ngakhula kahle

Ngo-September 1953 eMoscow ngo umkhaya ovamile Ngazalwa umfana. Alexander Politkovskaya ukhuluma ngokukhula kwakhe, kwaba kakhulu, nge ibhola egcekeni, esikoleni emsebenzini, ne izincwadi nama-movie. Ngemva kokuqeda isikole, abasha abasebenza, u-Alexander waya ebuthweni, ngokubeka kukhethwa umsebenzi iminyaka emibili.

Ukuthola umsebenzi

Ngemva kokubuya ibutho, u-Alexander Politkovskaya efika uMnyango ithelevishini the Faculty of the Moscow State University of intatheli. Isikhathi ukuqeqeshwa kuqala abantu TV bajwayelane izisekelo mkhakha, okuhlanganisa amaziyo othola amakhono kuqala umkhuba.

ekuqaleni

Intatheli u-Alexander Politkovskaya ukusatshalaliswa emva inyuvesi kuziwa Central Ithelevishini kumagazini eyinhloko izinhlelo zezemidlalo. Phakathi neminyaka emine, kufanele akhiphe emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yokuhlinza, ngokuvamile uye ngenxa yebhizinisi, ukususa inqwaba izifundo. umsebenzi Asebenza, okwakunginika okuhle omnene futhi ukufundisa amakhono, yafukula esiningi nokuzikhandla, kodwa kwaba khona lapho kungayi lubuyayo, kungekho futhi amathemba. Ngakho-ke u-Alexander Politkovskaya, ogama biography (creative, vele) behlisa ijubane ukuthuthukiswa yayo, iqhawe lethu eseqala ukucabanga kokushiya TV. Wayefuna ukuya Advanced Ukuqondisa Izifundo: waphupha ukudubula movie yabo. Kodwa wacelwa ukuya abahleli izinhlelo intsha, okuyinto ezikhiqizwa uhlelo ethandwa "Kuze kube engu-16 nangaphezulu", "phansi 12" futhi "Ukuthula intsha." Kule minyaka futhi zayiswa Politkovskaya. Lapha uhlangana nabantu abayosivumela badlala indima ebalulekile ekuphileni kwakhe: E. Salagaev V Mukusevym, I. Kononov. Isimiso sasiqhutshwa masonto onke, inani elikhulu izigcawu ukudubula kwaba isidingo ke.

Phakathi nale nkathi, Politkovskaya uhambo cishe ingxenye yabantu emhlabeni, esiwavakashele izindawo exotic, isibonelo, kunguye intatheli lokuqala abavakashele Pyongyang. Wabumba isitayela ngabanye: edumile cap izindaba ngesimo lelandzisako lesibonwa, kuba obonakalayo njengoba intatheli, ukufunda ukuze ngiyosebenza kwenye i "inkinga ye-journalism" ngohlelo olusha, ukuqongelela uxhumano, futhi ngeke uvumele kuye esikhathini esizayo ukuze afeze neragelo phambili.

"Emehlweni"

Ngo-1987, u-Edward Sagalaev necebo uhlelo olusha "Vzglyad", okuyinto abamenyiwe Aleksandra Politkovskogo. Isimiso sasiqhutshwa ephelele ngesakhiwo ke entsha ithelevishini, khona manjalo waba osaziwayo ehola kuhlanganise Alexander Politkovskaya. Photo namaqhawe uvele abezindaba, babonakala emigwaqweni. Kwakuyiqiniso ngokuvumelana intatheli, "isikhathi ukukholelwa kokuthile ukukhanya." Abadali "Buka" Uzame ukwakha olukhululekileyo Uhlelo, okuyinto kuphakamisa noma yisiphi isihloko. Politkovskaya wasebenza kuqala njengoba intatheli, futhi kamuva waba omunye abaholi, okwase kuphele iminyaka engu-10 uhlelo ziye zaba uphawu inkathi ushintsho.

Ngo-1990 kukhona ngokushintshwa komholi, ubunikazi esiteshini, u-Alexander Politkovskaya ingenye kwabanikazi bamasheya ithelevishini "VID" entsha owema ngasekhanda ka-Aleksandru Lyubimov. Lapho ngo-1991, abaphathi wathatha isinqumo sokumisa ukukhishwa kwezinhlelo Politkovskaya futhi Lyubimov wathatha lokhu njengesenzo ukwephula inkululeko yokukhuluma eseqala ukuveza "Umbono kusukela Underground" kuvidiyo. Le phrojekthi kwakungelona impumelelo, kodwa lolu hlelo ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile wabuyela emoyeni.

Kusukela ngo-1992, Politkovskaya livela Uhlelo siqu "Politburo" futhi has a lot of umsebenzi onzima, kuba njalo iqhubekela phambili futhi uthole injabulo yangempela bevela emsebenzini wabo. credo lakhe - ukwethembeka nokwethembeka. He is izindikimba abukhali futhi ezingalindelekile, ngakho elihlola le sarcophagus of eChernobyl NPP, bakhuluma ngalokho akubonile ngamehlo ayo. Kulolu hlelo Politkovskaya uzithola journalism okuphenya, kodwa uhlelo yathatha kuphela kuze 1995. Ngemva lokubulala uVlad Listyev ithelevishini uqala ushikashikeka ukuze amandla Politkovskaya olusunduzelwe futhi zinganakiwe inkampani, wahlukana nge amasheya kanye namahlamvu.

Life ngaphandle "bheka"

In parallel umsebenzi "bheka" Politkovskaya enza yini ayithandayo - ukudubula documentary. edume kunazo kukhona "Ngaphandle Agasti" futhi "Ngaphandle Agasti - 2". Ngisho eminyakeni yamuva e-"Isiqophi" Alexander Politkovskaya ngokumenywa E. Sagalaeva iqala ukudlulisela komlobi TV-6, ubizwa ngokuthi "Territory TV-6." Intathelizindaba uyaqhubeka esebenza ngesitayela sakhe, enikeza ulwazi kuphela olunembile futhi sithembeke. Wayengakwazi futhi ngeke angena ithelevishini entsha commercial futhi ngenxa yalokho uthanda ukuya ukubhukuda khulula kuka ukumboza izenzakalo esihle lapho umuntu akwazi ukukhokhela. Esikhathini "Area" Politkovskaya ekugcineni ethola isithombe fighter ubulungisa, ebabhinqa libhekisela nabulungisa kwezenhlalo, akusho ananaze futhi ayiboni igunya. Kulesi format ngokushesha saphela eqhuma TV 6, eye kahle ngokwaso njengoba isiteshi ukuzijabulisa kubantu abasha. Kamuva Politkovskaya hlelo uya isiteshi "Ugra", ugxila kumafilimu obubhalwe ezindabeni zamanje.

Khona-ke iminyaka embalwa, intatheli ukusebenzela inkampani "-TV Center", ukukhulula uhlelo "Isikhathi Local" futhi inkulumo show "Ejele futhi Freedom", kodwa kuzo zonke lezi zinhlelo ukukala ongaphakeme futhi ngokushesha aphume ether.

Ngo-2000, wadala inkampani TV "Studio Politkovsky" okususa izinhlelo nama-movie iziteshi ezahlukene. Ngo parallel, wasebenza izinkampani ezahlukene, ukuze esiteshini "Nostalgia" Politkovskaya uhlelo "Emuva e-USSR." Phakathi neminyaka emithathu, wazama ukuba ukukhuluma ngezombusazwe kanye isimo kuleli zwe, kodwa kwaba akafikanga organically, washiya uhlelo bebodwa. Isiteshi "Ukuzingela neKudoba" Uyabahola uhlelo "cherry emgodini."

izinkolelo

Politkovskaya, u-Alexander Vladimirovich - ezimele intatheli, kuyinto impumelelo yalo ebaluleke kakhulu. Yena okholwa ukuthi journalism akakubekezeleli le lokuhweba nokuthi izintatheli njalo okumelwe balwele ukuzifinyelela umnqopho nobuqotho. Ngemva "Bheka" Wayelokhu ezama ukuthola indawo kuthelevishini ezweni lonke, kodwa amazwi akhe acijile intransigence akamvumelanga indawo yokuhlala isikhathi eside.

Ukusebenza kuma izinhlelo zabo futhi ama-movie, lokhu akusho ukuthi wamukele ukufakwa kulezi amayunithi wesikhangiso ungayazi ukudalwa ngokwezifiso izinto, futhi sikhundla angahambisani ithelevishini yesimanje.

imisebenzi yangaphandle

Kusukela 1989 kuya ku-1993, the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR ukuthi uyisekela - Alexander Politkovskaya. Izibuyekezo nozakwethu mayelana nemisebenzi yakhe ngenkathi iningi omuhle. MP Politkovskaya bavikela ubulungisa futhi wenza, isibonelo, ukuvalwa kwendawo Perm leziboshwa zezombusazwe. Wayengumuntu ilungu iKomiti Yamalungelo Abantu futhi wazama ukusiza abantu ukuba avikele amalungelo abo.

usuku namuhla

Politkovskaya namuhla ibheka uzenza intatheli ezimele, e studio wakubo Kuphendula amafilimu nezinhlelo ngezihloko ezihlukahlukene. Uthi ukuba journalist akunakwenzeka namuhla, kodwa izibophezele kuso. Wenza amafilimu ngezihloko impikiswano, "Big Brother" - mayelana amabutho yangaphakathi e Chechnya, "izintaba Fanged" - iyizwe elincane - Soyots - abaku- onqenqemeni yokuqothulwa, uye bayihamba yonke esifundazweni, nokuxhumana nabantu, uba yingcweni zezombusazwe nezindaba. He is isivakashi ezingavamile kuya iziteshi federal, ngoba ayikalungi ukuthambisa izinkulumo zalo mayelana abaholi babo. Politkovskaya uthe wanelisekile isimo sabo samanje, futhi uyaziqhenya ukuthi uyakwazi ukulondoloza ukuzimela isihlobo.

yobumfihlo

Abantu abakhuluphele njalo engqondweni ngokuvamile abakwazi ukufihla ngempilo yakhe yangasese, kunokuningi okungakhulunywanga ngakho, futhi lokhu kuhlanganisa Alexander Politkovskaya. ukuphila komuntu intatheli is kancane eyaziwa umphakathi. Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi wayeyindoda eziye zafa kabuhlungu intatheli Anna Politkovskaya. Kodwa they valekile eminyakeni embalwa ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe.

Alexander ukuxhumana nezingane zabo - Vera no-Ilya. Futhi kule amaqiniso owaziwa siphele. Politkovskaya neze livela ukukhanya kumngane wayo ayisho lutho ngempilo yakhe yangasese. Ukhuluma ezokuzilibazisa yokudoba futhi okugcinwa, ukuthi ukhuluma Czech neSpanishi, nokuthi ukungena ubumfihlo intatheli kuphelile.