Ukungasebenzi Psychotic: Izimpawu kanye Ukwelashwa

iziyaluyalu Psychotic - iqembu ukugula ingqondo okungathí sina. Bahola ukuhlukumeza bokucabanga, ikhono lokuzenzela izinqumo kwesokudla, phendula ngokomzwelo, ukuxhumana nabantu futhi ubone ngokoqobo. Abantu ne izimpawu evelele lesi sifo ngokuvamile ayisakwazi ukubhekana ngemisebenzi yansuku zonke. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi iningi lalezi zindlela kwezinso kuyagcinwa phakathi izakhamuzi amazwe athuthukile.

Nokho, ngisho esindayo izinhlobo ogelezayo izifo a Ngezinga elikhulu noma elincane amenable ekukhetheni izindlela zokwelapha.

definition

iziyaluyalu Psychotic ezimboza zokugula nezifo eziningi izimpawu ezihlobene. Eqinisweni, lezi zinkinga ezinye izinhlobo ukwazi Ushintshe noma ukuphazamiseka ukuthi qhubeka isikhathi eside futhi aphazamise ukusebenza evamile ntu njengelungu agcwele umphakathi.

iziqephu Psychotic kungenzeka njengenhlangano icala ayesezindaweni ezingazodwa, kodwa ngokuvamile ziwuphawu ukuphambuka okuphawulekayo kwempilo yengqondo.

Izinto eziyingozi ezingabangela i okuvela iziyaluyalu ingqondo ahlanganisa ufuzo (ikakhulukazi bayasangana), ukusetshenziswa njalo izidakamizwa (ikakhulukazi abadakwa yizidakamizwa). Ukuqala isiqephu ingqondo ingase futhi avuse isimo ukucindezeleka.

izinhlobo

iziyaluyalu Psychotic angakafakwa ziqondiswe ngokugcwele, amanye amaphuzu zihlukile kuye indlela isifundo somuntu, ngakho kungase kube khona ukungaboni ngaso linye ngezigaba. Lokhu kusebenza ikakhulukazi iziyaluyalu schizoaffective, ngenxa ezingqubuzanayo idatha mayelana nohlobo imvelaphi yabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akwenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi ukunquma ngokunembile imbangela uphawu oluthile.

Noma kunjalo, singasethemba ukuhlukanisa lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo eziyisisekelo, ezivamile, kuphazamiseka ingqondo, ukusangana, sengqondo, ukucindezeleka okuguquguqukayo, polymorphic disorder ngengqondo.

bayasangana

Lesi sifo sitholakale umuntu amacala izimpawu ezifana okuyize noma ukusangana izinyanga okungenani 6 (okungenani 2 izimpawu kumelwe provyalyatsya ngokuqhubekayo lokho inyanga eyodwa noma ngaphezulu), nezinguquko ezifanele ekuziphatheni. Ezimweni eziningi, ngenxa unenkinga imisebenzi kwansuku (isb, emsebenzini noma ngesikhathi ukuqeqeshwa).

Ukuxilongwa bayasangana ngokuvamile nzima yokuthi izimpawu ezinjalo zingenzeka nabanye iziyaluyalu, futhi iziguli kaningi dissemble ngezinga izimpawu zabo. Ngokwesibonelo, umuntu angeke ngifune ukuvuma ukuthi amazwi ukuzwa ngenxa okuyize Paranoid noma ukwesaba ukucwaswa, nokunye.

Futhi ukukhiqiza:

• Schizophreniform sifo. Kuhlanganisa izimpawu of lokusangana, kodwa kuthatha isikhathi esingaphansi: kusuka 1 kuya 6 izinyanga.
• disorder Schizoaffective. It libhekene izimpawu ezifana ukusangana, kanye nezifo ezifana okuguquguqukayo.

sengqondo

It libhekene ezinye osontekile ngokoqobo.

isiqephu Psychotic ingafaka okuthiwa izimpawu omuhle: ukusangana ezibukwayo futhi sokuzwa, okuyize, ukucabanga paranoid, disorientation ukucabanga. izimpawu Negative zihlanganisa isimo sokucindezeleka, nobunzima ekwakheni Inkhulumongco nenkhulumombiko, amazwana nokugcina inkhulumomphendvulwano ngalokulingene.

bipolar disorder

disorder affective, libhekene lokhu kushintshashintsha kwemizwa. State ngesifo ezifanayo abantu ngokuvamile kakhulu sishintsha injabulo esiphezulu (mania noma hypomania) kuya aphansi (ukucindezeleka).

Noma yimuphi isiqephu okuguquguqukayo kungenzeka kwachazwa ngokuthi "acute disorder ingqondo", kodwa hhayi okuphambene nalokho.

Ezinye izimpawu ingqondo kungase provyalyatsya phakathi ukuthuthukiswa mania noma ukucindezeleka kuphela. Ngokwesibonelo, ngesikhathi isiqephu ukwenama umuntu singase sizizwe omkhulu bebakholwe bonyana yona ine ikhono Amazing (isibonelo, ikhono njalo ukuwina noma yiphi ilotho).

Polymorphic disorder ingqondo

Kungaba ngokuvamile sizididanise ibonakalisa sengqondo. Njengoba sibangelwa, psychosis, nazo zonke izimpawu zaso esikhonzini, kodwa futhi uma akusiyo bayasangana ngokucaca yayo yasekuqaleni. Libhekisela uhlobo acute wedlula iziyaluyalu ngengqondo. Izimpawu zavele futhi kushintsha njalo (isibonelo, njalo umuntu eselibona olusha oluhlukile ngokuphelele nomunye ukusangana) ilinganiselwa isithombe emitholampilo ye isifo ngokuvamile eba ngokushesha impela. isiqephu efanayo Kugcine, ngokuvamile 3 kuya 4 izinyanga.

Ukwabela polymorphic disorder ingqondo zikhala bayasangana ngaphandle. Esimweni sokuqala, lesi sifo libhekene izimpawu of bayasangana ezifana ukusangana oqine eside koshintsho oluhambelanayo ukuziphatha. Esimeni sesibili, zingabantu engazinzile, ngokuvamile aba nombono usongene focus, isimo sishintsha njalo futhi ngendlela ongayilindele.

izimpawu

Futhi bayasangana sengqondo, kanye nazo zonke ezinye izinhlobo ezifanayo izifo kubantu zihlale elandelayo samanje esibonisa ingqondo izimpawu sifo. Lesi Sikhungo esivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "omuhle", kodwa hhayi ngomqondo ukuthi zinhle futhi ewusizo kwabanye. Kwezokwelapha, igama elinjalo isetshenziswa umongo izimpawu kulindeleke lesi sifo noma uhlobo evamile yokuziphatha njengoba injalo kakhulu. Izimpawu omuhle zihlanganisa ukuhhema, okuyize, ukunyakaza ongaziwa noma ukungabi ukunyakaza (stupor catatonic), futhi hlobo kuyinqaba futhi bakudala.

ukusangana

Bahlanganisa imizwa abangenathuba elihambisana ngokoqobo umgomo. Ukusangana kungaba ukuzibonakalisa ezinhlotsheni ezihlukahlukene imizwa yomuntu ngokulinganisa.

• ukusangana Visual zihlanganisa kuwutalagu kanye umbono lezinto non-akukho.
• Ngu ukuzwa, uhlobo oluvame kakhulu, kukhona amazwi ekhanda lami. Ngezinye izikhathi ezimbili zalezi zinhlobo ukusangana kungenziwa exutshwe, okungukuthi, abantu, hhayi nje ukuzwa amazwi, kodwa futhi ubona zabanikazi.
• Olfactory. Man azizwa amaphunga non-akukho.
• Ukuphathwa kwabathintwayo. Igama livela "soma" ngesiGreki - emzimbeni. Ngakho, idatha ukusangana komzimba, isib, umuzwa khona yini esikhumbeni noma ngaphansi kwesikhumba.

mania

Lokhu uphawu uvame libhekene acute disorder ingqondo zikhala sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo.

Mania - izinkolelo eziqinile engenangqondo tenteke womuntu ukuthi kunzima ukushintsha, ngisho nalapho kunobufakazi obuqand 'ikhanda. Iningi labantu ezingezona ezokwelapha bakholelwa ukuthi mania - kungcono nje uhlanyiswa, ushushiso mania, suspiciousness ngokweqile, uma umuntu ecabanga ukuthi wonke umuntu emhlabeni kuye - zungu. Nokho, lesi sigaba sihlanganisa izinkolelo abangenangqondo, uthando maniacal fantasy nomhawu akhelene ubudlova.

Megalomania - inkolelo evamile engenangqondo ngenxa okuyinto ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene yenza ihaba ngobubi bezinkinga ukubaluleka ntu. Ngokwesibonelo, isiguli singase sicabangele ukuthi azibize ngomengameli noma inkosi. Ngokuvamile megalomania iba kokuhileleka enkolweni. Inhliziyo yomuntu wasemhlabeni ingase azibheke uMesiya noma, isibonelo, usiqinisekisa ngobuqotho abanye ukuthi uyena ukuphindukuzalwa of the Virgin Mary.

Futhi, amaphutha kungaba ngokuvamile zenzeka ezihlobene izici kanye nokusebenza emzimbeni. Kwakukhona izimo lapho abantu bala ukudla ngenxa yokuthi zonke izicubu emphinjeni kuthiwa ikhubazeke ngokuphelele, nakho konke abanakho ongasigwinya - amanzi. Kulokhu, asikho isizathu sangempela salokhu wayengekho.

Ezinye izimpawu

Ezinye izimpawu zivame libhekene short-term iziyaluyalu ngengqondo. Lawa ongaziwa komzimba, grimaces unomphela futhi uncharacteristic lomuntu futhi isimo, noma isimo sobuso njengoba kuqhathaniswa, stupor catatonic - ukuntuleka ukunyakaza.

Have indawo ukuba inkulumo ukuhlanekezela: ukulandelana olungalungile wemagama emshweni, izimpendulo abangenathuba incazelo noma ayifanele umongo ingxoxo, nokuyidlalisa nje umphikisi wakhe.

Futhi izici ngokuvamile samanje childishness: ukucula futhi agxuma kuzimo okungalungile, moodiness, ukusetshenziswa okungezona ezijwayelekile lwezinto ezivamile, ezifana ukudalwa tin ucwecwe isigqoko.

Yiqiniso, umuntu iziyaluyalu ingqondo akuzona zonke izimpawu zenzeka kanyekanye. Isisekelo uphethwe khona izimpawu eyodwa noma ngaphezulu isikhathi eside.

izizathu

Yazi izimbangela ezilandelayo eyinhloko iziyaluyalu ingqondo:

• Indlela Abasabela Ngayo ukucindezeleka. Ngezikhathi ezithile, nge ukucindezeleka eqinile isikhathi eside engaveza ukusabela yesikhashana ngengqondo. Kulokhu, imbangela ukucindezeleka kungaba kokubili, isimo lapho abantu abaningi babhekana konke ukuphila kwabo, ezifana komngane womshado noma isehlukaniso, futhi usinde - inhlekelele yemvelo, ngokuba emkhakheni imisebenzi yezempi noma besekuthunjweni. isiqephu Ngokuvamile ingqondo igcina njengoba ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi isimo esinjalo zingase zephuze noma abe ezingamahlalakhona.
• Kwangemva Kokubeletha sengqondo. Kwezinye abesifazane, izinguquko eziphawulekayo hormone ngenxa nokubeletha kungabanga isiyaluyalu acute ngengqondo. Ngeshwa, lezi zimo ngokuvamile asitholakali kalula futhi ziphathwe, futhi umphumela waba ukuthi izimo zenzeka lapho unina elalisanda kumiswa ubulala ingane noma ukuzibulala.
• ukuphendula Avikelayo umzimba. Kukholakala ukuthi abantu abanale nkinga yokungadli kahle ubuntu ziyashesha kakhulu ukucindezeleka, mancane bufaneleke ebudaleni. Ngenxa yalokho, lapho some izimo ekuphileni, isiqephu ingqondo kungenzeka.
• Psychotic disorder ngenxa izici zamasiko. Culture - esibalulekile ekutholeni kwempilo yengqondo. Emiphakathini eminingi, ke ubhekwa ukuphambuka kusuka kwezinkambiso wamukela yempilo yengqondo kuyingxenye amasiko, izinkolelo, inkomba nezenzakalo ezingokomlando. Ngokwesibonelo, kwezinye izindawo Japan kakhulu kuze kube mania, bayanda abantu abakholelwa ukuthi umthondo kungaba oluhlehlela futhi ahoxise emzimbeni, okubangela ukufa.

Uma nokuziphatha okwamukelekayo emphakathini onikiwe noma inkolo, futhi kwenzeka ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele, asikwazi okwatholakala kwemikhuba acute ngengqondo. Ukwelashwa ngokulandelana, ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo liyadingeka.

ukuhlola

Ukuze ukuxilonga ukuphazamiseka ngengqondo GP kuyadingeka ukuze ukuqhuba ingxoxo isiguli futhi uhlole impilo jikelele, ukubekela eceleni nezinye izimbangela nezimpawu ezifanayo. Ngokuvamile ukukhiqiza igazi nomnkantsha ukuhlaziywa (isib, i-MRI) ukuvimbela umonakalo mechanical kuya ebuchosheni nokuluthwa yizidakamizwa.

Uma kungekho sizathu bokuphila salokhu ukuziphatha kutholakala, isiguli kufanele udluliselwe isazi sezifo zengqondo ngoba uphethwe okwengeziwe futhi ukunquma ukuthi lo muntu has ukuphazamiseka ngengqondo.

ukwelashwa

Ngokuvamile ekwelapheni iziyaluyalu ingqondo usebenzisa inhlanganisela imithi ukwelashwa kwengqondo.

Ngenxa Ochwepheshe nomuthi ngokuvamile esimisiwe neuroleptics noma antipsychotics atypical, eliphumelelayo ngempumuzo izimpawu ukukhathazeka ezifana okuyize, ukusangana, kanye bezibona osontekile ngokoqobo. Lezi zihlanganisa: "aripiprazole," "Asenapine," "Brekspiprazol", "clozapine" nokunye.

Eminye imithi ayatholakala ngesimo amaphilisi ukuze uyiswe nsuku zonke, abanye - ngesimo imijovo, zanele ukubeka izikhathi elilodwa noma amabili ngenyanga.

Psychotherapy kuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezahlukene iseluleko. Kuye izici ubuntu isiguli nokuthi kungenzeka ukuqhutshwa disorder zengqondo, ngabanye, iqembu noma ukwelashwa umndeni zabelwe.

Iningi labantu iziyaluyalu ingqondo ukwelashwa sinenkonzo yokunakekela iziguli emakhaya, okungukuthi, awayona njalo endaweni isikhungo sokwelapha. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, uma une izimpawu ezinamandla, ingozi ibangela ukulimala wena abathandekayo, noma uma isiguli asikwazanga anakekele yena, wenza esibhedlela.

ukwelashwa ngamunye nesineke ubhekene ngoba ukuphazamiseka ngengqondo banganika tiphakamiso letehlukile yokwelapha. Othile intuthuko ephawuleka kusukela osukwini lokuqala, umuntu kuzothatha nezinyanga zokwelashwa. Ngezinye izikhathi, lapho kukhona iziqephu amaningi severe, kungase kudingeke ukuthatha imithi njalo. Ngokuvamile kulezi zimo kunikezelwe umthamo ubuncane agweme ukubaphathisa imiphumela emibi.

ayikwazi ukuvimbela iziyaluyalu ngengqondo. Kodwa ngokushesha usizo, kubalula ngayo.

Abantu basengozini enkulu zalezi zinkinga, ezifana labo babe eziseduze phakathi schizophrenics kufanele ugweme utshwala noma iyiphi imithi.